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Jakun
Orang Hulu
Native to	Malaysia
Region	Johor, Pahang
Ethnicity	25,000 (2008)^[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Malayic Malay? Jakun
Writing system	Unwritten
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`jak`
Glottolog	`jaku1244`
ELP	Jakun

Jakun is an Austronesian language, perhaps a dialect of Malay, spoken in Malaysia. Specifically it is spoken on the east coast and inland of Peninsular Malaysia, around the Pairang River, from Pekan in Pahang to Sri Gading, east to Benut, northwest to middle Muar River area around the districts of Segamat, Muar and Tangkak in Johor. It is also known as Djakun, Jakoon, Jaku’d, Jakud’n or Orang Hulu.^[2]

The language is native to the Jakun tribe belonging to the Proto-Malay branch of the indigenous natives of Malaysia, the Orang Asli.

Phonology

Vowels^[3]
	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Close-mid	e	ə	o
Open-mid	ɛ	ə	ɔ
Open	a

Consonants^[3]
		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p	t	tʃ	k	ʔ
Plosive/ Affricate	voiced	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
Fricative			s			h
Rhotic			r
Lateral			l
Approximant		w		j

References

^ Jakun language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^ Language-archives.org
^ ^a ^b Bin Kasim, Mohamad Rozi (2023). Analisis Perbandingan Dua Ragam Dialek Jakun di Johor: Comparative Analysis of Two Different Jakun Dialects in Johor. MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu Dan Bahasa, 34(1). pp. 139–166.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links

http://projekt.ht.lu.se/rwaai RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0004-1640-2@view Jakun in RWAAI Digital Archive

Languages of Malaysia

Main

Official	Malaysian English comparison with British English Arabic

Families

Natives &
Indigenous

Nationwide	Malay
Peninsular Malaysia	Batek Cheq Wong Duanoʼ Jah Hut Jahai Jakun Jedek Johor–Riau Malay Johor Malay Malacca Malay Selangor Malay Judeo-Malay² Kedah Malay Kelantan-Pattani Malay Kenaboi¹ Kensiu Kintaq Kristang Lanoh Mah Meri Minriq Mintil Negeri Sembilan Malay Mos Orang Kanaq Orang Seletar Pahang Malay Perak Malay Reman Malay Sabüm¹ Semai Semaq Beri Semelai Semnam Southern Thai Temiar Temoq² Temuan Terengganu Malay Wila'¹
East Malaysia	Abai Bahau Bajau Belait Berawan Biatah Bintulu Bonggi Bookan Bruneian/Kedayan Malay Brunei Bisaya Bukar–Sadong Bukitan Coastal Kadazan Daro-Matu Dumpas Dusun Eastern Kadazan Ganaʼ Iban Ida'an Jagoi Jangkang Kajaman Kalabakan Kanowit Kayan Kelabit Kendayan Keningau Murut Kinabatangan Kiput Klias River Kadazan Kota Marudu Talantang Kuijau Lahanan Lelak¹ Lengilu¹ Lotud Lun Bawang Mainstream Kenyah Melanau Momogun Murik Kayan Narom Nonukan Tidong Okolod Paluan Papar Punan Bah-Biau Punan Batu² Penan Remun Sa'ban Sabah Bisaya Sama Sarawak Malay Sebop Sekapan Selungai Murut Sembakung Seru¹ Serudung Sian Sungai Tagol Timugon Tombonuwo Tring Tringgus Tutoh Ukit² Umaʼ Lasan

Significant
minority

Chinese	Sino-Tibetan Yue Cantonese Malaysian Cantonese Hakka Min Eastern Min Fuqing Fuzhou Hainanese Pu-Xian Min Southern Min Hokkien Southern Peninsular Malaysian Hokkien Penang Hokkien Chaoshan Min Teochew Mandarin Chinese Malaysian Mandarin
Indian	Dravidian Malayalam Tamil Malaysian Tamil Telugu Indo-European Gujarati Hindi Punjabi Urdu
Indonesian archipelago	Acehnese Banjar Madurese Bawean Buginese Javanese Kerinci Mandailing Minangkabau Rawa
Philippine	Philippine Iranun Maranao Molbog Suluk
Others	Cham

Creoles

Mixed & Others

Immigrants

Signs

Main	Malaysian Sign Language Manually Coded Malay
By states	Penang Sign Language Selangor Sign Language

¹ Extinct languages
² Nearly extinct languages

Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages

Malayo-Sumbawan

Sundanese

Sundanese (Bantenese, Baduy)

Madurese

Malayo-Chamic

Chamic	Acehnese Cham dialects Chru Haroi Jarai Rade Roglai Tsat (Utsat)
Malayic	Bamayo Banjar Brunei/Kedayan Malay Berau Malay Bangka Malay Bengkulu Col Duano' Haji Iban Jambi Malay Jakun Kedah Malay Kutai Malay Kaur Kerinci Kelantan-Pattani Malay (Yawi) Kendayan Keninjal Kubu Orang Laut Lubu Malay (Malaysian & Indonesian) Minangkabau Musi Mualang Orang Kanaq Orang Seletar Pahang Malay Pekal Perak Malay Remun Sarawak Malay Seberuang Temuan Terengganu Malay Urak Lawoi'
Bali–Sasak	Balinese Sasak Sumbawa

Northwest Sumatra–
Barrier Islands

Batak	Alas Batak Angkola Batak Dairi Batak Karo Batak Simalungun Batak Toba Mandailing

Lampungic

Lampung Api
Lampung Nyo
Komering

Celebic

South Sulawesi

Moklenic

Moken
Moklen

Javanese

Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
(over 700 languages)

Eastern Malayo-Polynesian groups	South Halmahera–West New Guinea Oceanic languages
Central Malayo-Polynesian linkages	Aru Central Maluku Kei-Tanimbar Kowiai Selaru Sumba–Flores Teor–Kur Timoric West Damar

Unclassified

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