до
Bulgarian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *do, from Proto-Indo-European *de.
Pronunciation
Preposition
до • (do)
- near, close to
- един до друг ― edin do drug ― side by side
- up to, as far as
- до кръста ― do krǎsta ― down to the waist
- until, till
- до последната минута ― do poslednata minuta ― till the last minute
Anagrams
Dungan
Etymology
Cognate of Mandarin Chinese 刀 (dāo)
Pronunciation
Noun
до • (do) (I)
Even
Etymology
From Proto-Tungusic *dō, compare Manchu ᡩᠣ (do).
Noun
до (do)
- the inside
Macedonian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do.
Preposition
до • (do)
- next to, beside
- Ќе седнам до тебе.
- Ḱe sednam do tebe.
- I'm going to sit down next to you.
- to, up to
- Ќе одиме до езерото.
- Ḱe odime do ezeroto.
- We'll go up to the lake.
- until
- Нема да се видиме до крајот на годинава.
- Nema da se vidime do krajot na godinava.
- We won't see each other until the end of this year.
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Italian do, from the name of musicologist Giovanni Battista Doni.
Noun
до • (do)
Nanai
Etymology
From Proto-Tungusic *dō, compare Manchu ᡩᠣ (do).
Noun
до (do)
Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *do.
Preposition
до • (do)
Old East Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *do. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic до (do) and Old Polish do.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: до
Preposition
до (do) (+ genitive)
- up to
- 1076, Sviatoslav's izbornik[1], page 2:
- ѥгда чьтеши книгꙑ· не тъштисѧ бърꙁо иштисти до дроугыꙗ главиꙁнꙑ·
- jegda čĭteši knigy· ne tŭštisę bŭrzo ištisti do drugyja glavizny·
- when you read books, don't strive to quickly read on to the following chapter.
- until
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “до”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][2] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 670
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do, from Proto-Indo-European *de, whence English to.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [də]
- IPA(key): [dɐ] (before a stressed syllable)
- IPA(key): [ˈdo] (when stressed)
Audio: (file)
Preposition
- before
- up to, till, until
- with respect to, concerning, regarding
Derived terms
- до того́ как (do tovó kak)
Related terms
- до- (do-)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
до • (do) n inan (indeclinable)
- (musical note) C
- до́ дие́з ― dó dijéz/diéz ― C sharp
- до́ бемо́ль ― dó bemólʹ ― C flat
See also
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do, from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do.
Pronunciation
Adverb
до̏ (Latin spelling dȍ)
- only, except
- ни(т)ко до ја ― nobody but me, only me
- не једе ништа до комад хљеба/хлеба ― he eats nothing except a piece of bread
- around, approximately
- до два метра ― around two meters
- до 5 кила ― around five kilograms
- due to, because of
- то је до хране ― that's due to the food
Preposition
до̏ (Latin spelling dȍ) (+ genitive case)
- up to, to, until, as far as, by
- од Загреба до Београда ― from Zagreb to Belgrade
- од јутра до мрака ― from morning to night
- од 5 до 10 сати ― from 5 to 10 o'clock
- од врха до дна ― from top to bottom
- до р(иј)еке ― as far as the river
- сад је пет до седам ― now it's five minutes to seven
- до понед(ј)ељка ― by Monday
- до сада ― so far, thus far, till now
- до недавна ― until recently
- до дана данашњега ― to this very day
- све до ― as far as up to, all the way to
- до куда ― how far
- до туда ― thus far, up to here
- before (= при̏је/пре̏)
- до рата ― before the war
- beside, next (to)
- с(ј)еди до мене ― sit next to me
- један до другога ― side by side
- idiomatic and figurative meanings
- није ми до тога ― I don't feel like doing that
- није ми до см(иј)еха ― I don't feel like laughing
- њему је само до секса ― he is only interested in sex
- није ми пуно стало до тога ― I'm not very much interested in that
- није до мене ― it's not up to me, it's no me to lame
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dolъ.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
до̑ m (Latin spelling dȏ)
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Noun
до̑ m (Latin spelling dȏ)
References
Tsakhur
Noun
до (transliteration needed)
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Old East Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Slavic *do, from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do.
Pronunciation
Preposition
до • (do) (+ genitive case)
- to, toward
- to (in the fixed expression 'Welcome to...!')
- Ласкаво просимо до Італії! ― Laskavo prosymo do Italiji! ― Welcome to Italy!
- Ласкаво просимо до Аргентини! ― Laskavo prosymo do Arhentyny! ― Welcome to Argentina!
- until
- by (not later than)
- (music) D (musical note)
Derived terms
- додому (dodomu) (homewards)
- до побачення (do pobačennja) (until next time)
See also
- (musical notes) музичні ноти (muzyčni noty); до (do), ре (re), мі (mi), фа (fa), соль (solʹ), ля (lja), сі (si) (Category: uk:Music)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “до”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
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