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بطيخ

بطيخ

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Arabic

بَطِّيخ

Etymology

Presumably borrowed from Aramaic, attested in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic בטיח (*baṭṭīḥ) and Classical Syriac ܦܲܛܝܼܚܵܐ (paṭṭīḥā), and a broken plural Hebrew אֲבַטִּיחַ (ʾăḇaṭṭī́aḥ). While it has been theoretized to have been acquired in Semitic via Egyptian bddw-kꜣ (“watermelon”) from sub-Saharan Africa, there is an explanation as an Iranian borrowing equivalent to Persian بیدخت (bêdoxt, “Venus”), which is the known Akkadian 𒂗 (bēlu, “master; Bel, Baal”) + Persian دخت (doxt, “daughter”), literally “daughter of Baal”, a reinterpretation of the feminine form of the Baʿal god found as ܒܝܠܬܝ (bēltī), ܒܠܬܝ (beltī, “Venus”) in Classical Syriac, equalling بَعْلَة (baʕla, “mistress”). Like in general food items can be reused to denote body parts, especially those viewed sexually, and in Eastern languages specifically the names of fruits come to mean “vulva”, as well-known South Levantine Arabic تِينة (tīne, “fig”), Armenian թուզ (tʻuz, “fig”), Hebrew רִמּוֹן (rimmṓn, “pomegrenate”) in Song of Solomon 7:12 and 8:2, here in turn the meaning of a melon would be secondarily transferred from representations of fertility goddesses. This is corroborated by lexicographers mentioning a Himyaritic word بَيْدَخَة (baydaḵa, “plump, chubby”, applied to women).

Noun

بِطِّيخ or بَطِّيخ • (biṭṭīḵ or baṭṭīḵ) m (collective, singulative بِطِّيخَة f (biṭṭīḵa) or بَطِّيخَة (baṭṭīḵa), plural بَطَاطِيخ (baṭāṭīḵ))

  1. watermelon, watermelons
  2. melon, melons
    Synonyms: شمام (šammām), بَطِّيخ أَصْفَر (baṭṭīḵ ʔaṣfar)

Declension

Declension of noun بِطِّيخ (biṭṭīḵ)‎; بَطِّيخ (baṭṭīḵ)
Collective basic collective triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِطِّيخ‎; بَطِّيخ
biṭṭīḵ‎; baṭṭīḵ 		الْبِطِّيخ‎; الْبَطِّيخ
al-biṭṭīḵ‎; al-baṭṭīḵ 		بِطِّيخ‎; بَطِّيخ
biṭṭīḵ‎; baṭṭīḵ
Nominative بِطِّيخٌ‎; بَطِّيخٌ
biṭṭīḵun‎; baṭṭīḵun 		الْبِطِّيخُ‎; الْبَطِّيخُ
al-biṭṭīḵu‎; al-baṭṭīḵu 		بِطِّيخُ‎; بَطِّيخُ
biṭṭīḵu‎; baṭṭīḵu
Accusative بِطِّيخًا‎; بَطِّيخًا
biṭṭīḵan‎; baṭṭīḵan 		الْبِطِّيخَ‎; الْبَطِّيخَ
al-biṭṭīḵa‎; al-baṭṭīḵa 		بِطِّيخَ‎; بَطِّيخَ
biṭṭīḵa‎; baṭṭīḵa
Genitive بِطِّيخٍ‎; بَطِّيخٍ
biṭṭīḵin‎; baṭṭīḵin 		الْبِطِّيخِ‎; الْبَطِّيخِ
al-biṭṭīḵi‎; al-baṭṭīḵi 		بِطِّيخِ‎; بَطِّيخِ
biṭṭīḵi‎; baṭṭīḵi
Singulative singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِطِّيخَة‎; بَطِّيخَة
biṭṭīḵa‎; baṭṭīḵa 		الْبِطِّيخَة‎; الْبَطِّيخَة
al-biṭṭīḵa‎; al-baṭṭīḵa 		بِطِّيخَة‎; بَطِّيخَة
biṭṭīḵat‎; baṭṭīḵat
Nominative بِطِّيخَةٌ‎; بَطِّيخَةٌ
biṭṭīḵatun‎; baṭṭīḵatun 		الْبِطِّيخَةُ‎; الْبَطِّيخَةُ
al-biṭṭīḵatu‎; al-baṭṭīḵatu 		بِطِّيخَةُ‎; بَطِّيخَةُ
biṭṭīḵatu‎; baṭṭīḵatu
Accusative بِطِّيخَةً‎; بَطِّيخَةً
biṭṭīḵatan‎; baṭṭīḵatan 		الْبِطِّيخَةَ‎; الْبَطِّيخَةَ
al-biṭṭīḵata‎; al-baṭṭīḵata 		بِطِّيخَةَ‎; بَطِّيخَةَ
biṭṭīḵata‎; baṭṭīḵata
Genitive بِطِّيخَةٍ‎; بَطِّيخَةٍ
biṭṭīḵatin‎; baṭṭīḵatin 		الْبِطِّيخَةِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَةِ
al-biṭṭīḵati‎; al-baṭṭīḵati 		بِطِّيخَةِ‎; بَطِّيخَةِ
biṭṭīḵati‎; baṭṭīḵati
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِطِّيخَتَيْن‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْن
biṭṭīḵatayn‎; baṭṭīḵatayn 		الْبِطِّيخَتَيْن‎; الْبَطِّيخَتَيْن
al-biṭṭīḵatayn‎; al-baṭṭīḵatayn 		بِطِّيخَتَيْ‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْ
biṭṭīḵatay‎; baṭṭīḵatay
Nominative بِطِّيخَتَانِ‎; بَطِّيخَتَانِ
biṭṭīḵatāni‎; baṭṭīḵatāni 		الْبِطِّيخَتَانِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَتَانِ
al-biṭṭīḵatāni‎; al-baṭṭīḵatāni 		بِطِّيخَتَا‎; بَطِّيخَتَا
biṭṭīḵatā‎; baṭṭīḵatā
Accusative بِطِّيخَتَيْنِ‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْنِ
biṭṭīḵatayni‎; baṭṭīḵatayni 		الْبِطِّيخَتَيْنِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَتَيْنِ
al-biṭṭīḵatayni‎; al-baṭṭīḵatayni 		بِطِّيخَتَيْ‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْ
biṭṭīḵatay‎; baṭṭīḵatay
Genitive بِطِّيخَتَيْنِ‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْنِ
biṭṭīḵatayni‎; baṭṭīḵatayni 		الْبِطِّيخَتَيْنِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَتَيْنِ
al-biṭṭīḵatayni‎; al-baṭṭīḵatayni 		بِطِّيخَتَيْ‎; بَطِّيخَتَيْ
biṭṭīḵatay‎; baṭṭīḵatay
Paucal (3-10) sound feminine paucal
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بِطِّيخَات‎; بَطِّيخَات
biṭṭīḵāt‎; baṭṭīḵāt 		الْبِطِّيخَات‎; الْبَطِّيخَات
al-biṭṭīḵāt‎; al-baṭṭīḵāt 		بِطِّيخَات‎; بَطِّيخَات
biṭṭīḵāt‎; baṭṭīḵāt
Nominative بِطِّيخَاتٌ‎; بَطِّيخَاتٌ
biṭṭīḵātun‎; baṭṭīḵātun 		الْبِطِّيخَاتُ‎; الْبَطِّيخَاتُ
al-biṭṭīḵātu‎; al-baṭṭīḵātu 		بِطِّيخَاتُ‎; بَطِّيخَاتُ
biṭṭīḵātu‎; baṭṭīḵātu
Accusative بِطِّيخَاتٍ‎; بَطِّيخَاتٍ
biṭṭīḵātin‎; baṭṭīḵātin 		الْبِطِّيخَاتِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَاتِ
al-biṭṭīḵāti‎; al-baṭṭīḵāti 		بِطِّيخَاتِ‎; بَطِّيخَاتِ
biṭṭīḵāti‎; baṭṭīḵāti
Genitive بِطِّيخَاتٍ‎; بَطِّيخَاتٍ
biṭṭīḵātin‎; baṭṭīḵātin 		الْبِطِّيخَاتِ‎; الْبَطِّيخَاتِ
al-biṭṭīḵāti‎; al-baṭṭīḵāti 		بِطِّيخَاتِ‎; بَطِّيخَاتِ
biṭṭīḵāti‎; baṭṭīḵāti
Plural of variety basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal بَطَاطِيخ
baṭāṭīḵ 		الْبَطَاطِيخ
al-baṭāṭīḵ 		بَطَاطِيخ
baṭāṭīḵ
Nominative بَطَاطِيخُ
baṭāṭīḵu 		الْبَطَاطِيخُ
al-baṭāṭīḵu 		بَطَاطِيخُ
baṭāṭīḵu
Accusative بَطَاطِيخَ
baṭāṭīḵa 		الْبَطَاطِيخَ
al-baṭāṭīḵa 		بَطَاطِيخَ
baṭāṭīḵa
Genitive بَطَاطِيخَ
baṭāṭīḵa 		الْبَطَاطِيخِ
al-baṭāṭīḵi 		بَطَاطِيخِ
baṭāṭīḵi

Descendants

References

  • “botefles (or: buteflez)”, in Arabic and Latin Glossary, Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universität, 2018–
  • “blty”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Elmaz, Orhan (2014) “Investigating South Arabian words in al-Khalīl's Kitāb al-ʿayn”, in Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies‎[1], volume 44, Supplement: Language of Southern Arabia: Papers from the Special Session of the Seminar for Arabian Studies held on 27 July 2013, Oxford: Archaeopress, page 34b
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 140
  • Grimme, Hubert (1914) “Semitische P-Laute”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎[2] (in German), volume 68, page 269, who derives owing to phonetic variation from Hittite
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “بطيخ”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 216c
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 113
  • Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎[4] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 550–553
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بطيخ”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[5], London: W.H. Allen, page 130a

Gulf Arabic

بَطِّيخ

Etymology

From Arabic بَطِّيخ (baṭṭīḵ).

Pronunciation

Noun

بطيخ • (baṭṭīḵ) (collective, singulative بطيخة (baṭṭīḵa))

  1. cantaloupe, muskmelon
    Synonym: شمام (šammām)
    شنو تحب اكثر، الرقي ولا البطيخ؟
    šinu tḥib akṯar, ir-raggi wila-lbaṭṭīḵ?
    What do you like more, watermelon or muskmelon?
  2. unprofessional, bad, crappy
    المقاول هذا شغله بطيخ
    This contractor's job is crappy

Derived terms

Hijazi Arabic

بَطِّيخ

Etymology

From Arabic بَطِّيخ (baṭṭīḵ).

Pronunciation

Noun

بطيخ • (baṭṭīḵ) m (collective, singulative بطيخة f (baṭṭīḵa), plural بَطِّيخات (baṭṭīḵāt))

  1. watermelon, watermelons
    Synonym: حبحب (ḥabḥab)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَطِّيخ (baṭṭīḵ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /batˤ.tˤiːx/, [bɑtˤˈtˤiːx]
  • Audio (Bethlehem):(file)

Noun

بطّيخ • (baṭṭīḵ) m (collective, singulative بطّيخة f (baṭṭīḵa), plural بطِّيخات (baṭṭīḵāt))

  1. (uncountable) watermelon
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