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  2. Wiktionary
  3. 寸
寸

寸

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 手 and 吋
寸 U+5BF8, 寸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BF8
← 寷
[U+5BF7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 对 →
[U+5BF9]
⼨ U+2F28, ⼨
KANGXI RADICAL INCH
← ⼧
[U+2F27] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼩ →
[U+2F29]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

See images of
Radical 41 寸

寸 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 木戈 (DI), four-corner 40300, composition ⿹𬺰丶)

  1. Kangxi radical #41, ⼨.

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 293, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7411
  • Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 503, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5BF8

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 寸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 寸
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (寸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
村 *sʰuːn
忖 *sʰuːnʔ
刌 *sʰuːnʔ
寸 *sʰuːns

Shuowen considered it Ideogram (指事) – a position on the forearm where the pulse can be palpated by compressing the radial artery. It is called 寸口 in modern Chinese, and the meaning of a unit of measurement is derived from the distance between the wrist and this position. Compare 又, 手, 九, 爪.

However, it may be an abbreviated form of 尊 (zūn), borrowed to mean a unit of measurement (see: 李轶.先秦度量单位"尺""寸"用字考[J].云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2010, 42(5).DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5110.2010.05.017.)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhùn - literary;
  • chhǹg - vernacular.
Rime
Character 寸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 倉困切
Baxter tshwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰuənH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰuonH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰwənH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰuənH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰuənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cùn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cyun3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 寸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cùn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshwonH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]ˁu[n]-s/
English thumb; inch

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 寸
Reading # 1/1
No. 1913
Phonetic
component 		寸
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		寸
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰuːns/

Definitions

寸

  1. (units of measure) A cun or Chinese inch, a traditional unit of length of about 3 cm.
    1. (Mainland China) Short for 市寸 (shìcùn).
    2. (Hong Kong) Legally defined as the tsun of 3.71475 cm.
  2. (informal) Short for 英寸 (yīngcùn, “inch”).
  3. (figurative) very short or little
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) cunkou pulse; radial artery pulse at the wrist
  5. (Mandarin, colloquial) coincidental; unbelievable; opportune
  6. a surname
Coordinate terms
  • 分 (fēn, “1⁄10 cun”)
  • 尺 (chǐ, “10 cun”)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (寸):
  • → Japanese: 寸(すん) (sun)
  • → Korean: 촌(寸) (chon)
  • → Vietnamese: thốn (寸)
  • Old Uyghur: tswn (tsun)

    • Etymology 2

    For pronunciation and definitions of 寸 – see 忖 (“to ponder; to speculate; to think; etc.”).
    (This character is a variant form of 忖).

    Etymology 3

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    寸

    1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 串

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    寸

    (Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    • Go-on: すん (sun, Jōyō)
    • Kan-on: そん (son)
    • Kun: き (ki)
    • Nanori: す (su)、みき (miki)

    Compounds

    Derived terms

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    寸
    すん
    Grade: 6
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 寸 (MC tshwonH).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    寸(すん) • (sun) 

    1. a Japanese measurement of length equivalent to 10 分 (bu) or approximately 3.03 cm
    2. (by extension) a length, measurement
    3. shortness, fewness
    4. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Coordinate terms
    Derived terms
    Derived terms
    Descendants

    Affix

    寸(すん) • (sun) 

    1. sun (measurement of length)
    2. (by extension) length, measurement
    3. minimal, negligible
    Derived terms
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    寸
    き
    Grade: 6
    kun'yomi

    From Old Japanese.

    Suffix

    寸(き) • (-ki) 

    1. (archaic) unit used in ancient times to measure lengths of horses
    Derived terms

    References

    1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean

    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese 寸 (MC tshwonH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 촌〮 (Yale: chwón)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄆᆞᄃᆡ (Yale: mòtòy) 촌〯 (Yale: chwǒn)

    Pronunciation

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰo̞(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [촌(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    寸 (eumhun 마디 촌 (madi chon))

    1. hanja form? of 촌 (“degree of kinship”) [noun]

    Compounds

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

    Okinawan

    Kanji

    寸

    (Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

    Readings

    Etymology

    Kanji in this term
    寸
    しん
    Grade: 6
    on'yomi

    Cognate with mainland Japanese 寸 (sun).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    寸(しん) (shin) ←すぃん (sin)?

    1. a measurement of length equivalent to 10 分 (bu) or approximately 3.03 cm

    Coordinate terms

    Derived terms

    Derived terms

    Old Japanese

    Etymology

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Suffix

    寸 (-ki(?)) (kana き)

    1. ancient measurement of length equivalent to the modern Japanese sun or approximately 3.03 cm

    Descendants

    • Japanese: 寸 (-ki)

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    寸: Hán Việt readings: thốn[1][2][3][4][5][6]
    寸: Nôm readings: thốn[1][2][3], xốn[2][3], thổn[1], dón[3], són[3], thuỗn[3]

    1. chữ Hán form of thốn (“cun, a unit of length”).

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Trần (2004).
    4. ^ Trần (1999).
    5. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
    6. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
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