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  1. Wiktionary
  2. 改善
改善

改善

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Contents

  • 1 Chinese
    • 1.1 Pronunciation
    • 1.2 Verb
      • 1.2.1 Usage notes
      • 1.2.2 Synonyms
  • 2 Japanese
    • 2.1 Pronunciation
    • 2.2 Noun
      • 2.2.1 Antonyms
      • 2.2.2 See also
    • 2.3 Verb
      • 2.3.1 Conjugation
  • 3 Korean
    • 3.1 Noun
  • 4 Vietnamese
    • 4.1 Verb

Chinese

[edit]
to change; to alter; to transform
to change; to alter; to transform; to correct
 
good
trad. (改善) 改 善
simp. #(改善) 改 善

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gǎishàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˇ ㄕㄢˋ
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): goi2 sin6
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kói-san
  • Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kái-siǎn / kái-siān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): goi2 siang6

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: gǎishàn
      • Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄕㄢˋ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: gǎishàn
      • Wade–Giles: kai3-shan4
      • Yale: gǎi-shàn
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaeshann
      • Palladius: гайшань (gajšanʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵¹/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
      • Jyutping: goi2 sin6
      • Yale: gói sihn
      • Cantonese Pinyin: goi2 sin6
      • Guangdong Romanization: goi2 xin6
      • Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ siːn²²/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kói-san
      • Hakka Romanization System: goiˋ san
      • Hagfa Pinyim: goi3 san4
      • Sinological IPA: /koi̯³¹ san⁵⁵/
  • Southern Min
    • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-siǎn
      • Tâi-lô: kái-siǎn
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɛn²²/
    • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kái-siān
      • Tâi-lô: kái-siān
      • Phofsit Daibuun: kaysien
      • IPA (Singapore): /kai⁴²⁻²⁴ siɛn²²/
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn²²/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛn³³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn³³/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: goi2 siang6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kói siăng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /koi⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ³⁵/

Verb

[edit]

改善

  1. to improve; to better
    我想改善我的打字速度和準確性。 [MSC, trad.]
    我想改善我的打字速度和准确性。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ xiǎng gǎishàn wǒ de dǎzì sùdù hé zhǔnquèxìng. [Pinyin]
    I'd like to improve my typing speed and accuracy.

Usage notes

[edit]

改變/改变 (gǎibiàn) conveys any kind of change, while 改善 (gǎishàn) conveys a change for the better.

Synonyms

[edit]
edit
  • 健全 (jiànquán)
  • 出息 (colloquial)
  • 前進/前进 (qiánjìn)
  • 完善 (wánshàn)
  • 提升 (tíshēng)
  • 提懸/提悬 (Min Nan)
  • 提高 (tígāo)
  • 改良 (gǎiliáng)
  • 改進/改进 (gǎijìn)
  • 躍進/跃进 (yuèjìn)
  • 進展/进展 (jìnzhǎn)
  • 進步/进步 (jìnbù)
 

Japanese

[edit]
Kanji in this term
改 善
かい
Grade: 4
ぜん
Grade: 6
on'yomi

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

[edit]

改(かい)善(ぜん) • (kaizen) 

  1. improvement, an action taken to improve
  2. improvement, a spontaneous change for the better

Antonyms

[edit]
  • (antonym(s) of “improvement”): 改悪(かいあく) (kaiaku)

See also

[edit]
  • 上達(じょうたつ) (jōtatsu)
  • 改良(かいりょう) (kairyō)

Verb

[edit]

改(かい)善(ぜん)する • (kaizen suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 改(かい)善(ぜん)し (kaizen shi), past 改(かい)善(ぜん)した (kaizen shita))

  1. (transitive) to improve, to make better
  2. (intransitive) for something to improve on its own
    症状(しょうじょう)が改善(かいぜん)する
    shōjō ga kaizen suru
    the symptoms improve

Conjugation

[edit]
Conjugation of "改善する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 改善し かいぜんし kaizen shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 改善し かいぜんし kaizen shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 改善する かいぜんする kaizen suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 改善する かいぜんする kaizen suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 改善すれ かいぜんすれ kaizen sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 改善せよ¹
改善しろ²
かいぜんせよ¹
かいぜんしろ²
kaizen seyo¹
kaizen shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 改善される かいぜんされる kaizen sareru
Causative 改善させる
改善さす
かいぜんさせる
かいぜんさす
kaizen saseru
kaizen sasu
Potential 改善できる かいぜんできる kaizen dekiru
Volitional 改善しよう かいぜんしよう kaizen shiyō
Negative 改善しない かいぜんしない kaizen shinai
Negative continuative 改善せず かいぜんせず kaizen sezu
Formal 改善します かいぜんします kaizen shimasu
Perfective 改善した かいぜんした kaizen shita
Conjunctive 改善して かいぜんして kaizen shite
Hypothetical conditional 改善すれば かいぜんすれば kaizen sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Korean

[edit]
Hanja in this term
改善

Noun

[edit]

改善 • (gaeseon) (hangeul 개선)

  1. hanja form? of 개선 (“improvement, reform”)

Vietnamese

[edit]
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
改善

Verb

[edit]

改善

  1. chữ Hán form of cải thiện (“to improve”).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=改善&oldid=78814543"
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  • Japanese terms spelled with 改 read as かい
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