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  2. Wiktionary
  3. 灯
灯

灯

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 燈
灯 U+706F, 灯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-706F
← 灮
[U+706E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 灰 →
[U+7070]

Translingual

Japanese 灯
Simplified 灯
Traditional 燈

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 火 + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Han character

Stroke order
6 strokes

灯 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火一弓 (FMN), composition ⿰火丁)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18855
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+706F

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 灯 – see 燈 (“lamp; light; lantern; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant form of 燈).
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

灯

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 燈)

Readings

As shinjitai/variant kanji of 燈:

  • Go-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
  • Tō-on: とん (ton)

As unsimplified kanji 灯:

Readings shared by both kanji:

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
灯
とう
Grade: 4
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
燈 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 燈 (MC tong).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(とう) • (tō) 

  1. a light, lamp
    Synonym: 明かり (akari)
Derived terms
Derived terms
Proverbs

Counter

灯(とう) • (-tō) 

  1. counter for 電灯 (dentō, “electric lights”)
Derived terms

Suffix

灯(とう) • (-tō) 

  1. electric light
Derived terms

Affix

灯(とう) • (tō) 

  1. light, lamp
  2. (by extension) Buddhist teaching

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
灯
ともし
Grade: 4
irregular
Alternative spelling
燈 (kyūjitai)

First attested around the 10th century.

Nominalization of 点し (tomoshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu, “to light”).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(ともし) • (tomoshi) 

  1. a light
  2. Alternative spelling of 照射 (tomoshi): a torch used to bait deer when night hunting
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
灯
ともしび
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
燈 (kyūjitai)
灯火
ともし火
燭

Compound of 点し (tomoshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tomosu), “to light”) +‎ 火 (hi, “fire”).

The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(ともしび) • (tomoshibi) 

  1. a light
    Synonyms: 明かり (akari), 灯火 (tōka)
    • 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Reaching You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue:
      地(ち)球(きゅう)はまわる君(きみ)をかくして　輝(かがや)く瞳(ひとみ)きらめく灯(ともしび)…
      Chikyū wa mawaru kimi o kakushite kagayaku hitomi kirameku tomoshibi…
      The Earth spins, hiding your shining pupils [and] glittering lights.
  2. a lit flame (such as of a candle or torch)
  3. (historical, obsolete) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
灯
とぼし
Grade: 4
irregular
Alternative spellings
燈 (kyūjitai)
点火

Nominalization of 点し (toboshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu, “to light”, archaic).

Equivalent to a shift from tomoshi above, with the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(とぼし) • (toboshi) 

  1. (archaic) an indoor torch
  2. (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshi)
Derived terms

Proper noun

灯(とぼし) • (Toboshi) 

  1. a placename

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
灯
とぼしび
Grade: 4
irregular
Alternative spellings
燈 (kyūjitai)
灯火
燭

Compound of 点し (toboshi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 点す (tobosu), “to light”, archaic) +‎ 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Equivalent to a shift from tomoshibi above, the nasal /-m-/ becomes plosive /-b-/.

Noun

灯(とぼしび) • (toboshibi) 

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of 灯 (tomoshibi)

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
灯
あかし
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
燈 (kyūjitai)

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 明かす (akasu, “to go through the whole night”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(あかし) • (akashi) 

  1. a light, lamp
  2. (Shinto, Buddhism) a light (or lighted lamp) offered to a kami or buddha
    Synonym: 御灯, 御明かし, 御灯明 (miakashi)
Derived terms

Etymology 7

Kanji in this term
灯
ひ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
燈 (kyūjitai)

Cognate with and extension of 火 (hi, “fire”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

灯(ひ) • (hi) 

  1. a light, lamp
    Synonym: 明かり (akari)
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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