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  2. Wiktionary
  3. 甚
甚

甚

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 其 and 什
甚 U+751A, 甚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-751A
← 甙
[U+7519] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 甛 →
[U+751B]

Translingual

Stroke order (Sans-serif)
Stroke order

Han character

甚 (Kangxi radical 99, 甘+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一女 (TMMV), four-corner 44711, composition ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊八(GV) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊儿(JK) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺㇄⿰丿㇄(HT))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 754, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21648
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1161, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 25, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+751A

Chinese

trad. 甚
simp. # 甚
alternative forms 𠥄
𠯕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 甚
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湛 *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um
媅 *ʔl'uːm
黮 *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ
糂 *sluːmʔ
堪 *kʰluːm
戡 *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ
嵁 *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm
歁 *kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb
勘 *kʰluːms
磡 *kʰuːms
墈 *kʰuːms
偡 *r'uːmʔ
碪 *ʔl'um
椹 *ʔl'um
揕 *ʔl'ums
踸 *l̥ʰumʔ
鍖 *l̥ʰumʔ
斟 *kljum
諶 *ɡljum
愖 *ɡljum
瘎 *ɡljum
煁 *ɡljum
甚 *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums
葚 *ɦljumʔ

Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 甘 + 匹.

Etymology 1

STEDT considers it to be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“full; flat; straight”) and cognate with 斟 (OC *kljum, “to pour”), 淫 (OC *lɯm, “excessive”) and Tibetan གཏམས (gtams, “to fill up”).

Pronunciation

Note: sap6 - rare.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 甚
Mandarin Beijing /ʂən⁵¹/
Harbin /ʂən⁵³/
Tianjin /ʂən⁵³/
/sən⁵³/
Jinan /ʂẽ²¹/
Qingdao /ʃə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂən³¹²/
Xi'an /ʂẽ⁴⁴/
Xining /ʂə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʂəŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /ʂə̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /sən³⁵/
Chengdu /sən¹³/
Guiyang /sen²¹³/
Kunming /ʂə̃²¹²/
Nanjing /ʂən⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʂən⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /səŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ʂəŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /sə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /zən³¹/
Hangzhou /zen¹³/
Wenzhou /zaŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ʂən⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ʂən⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /sɨn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /səm⁵³/
Taoyuan /ʃem³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐm²²/
Nanning /sɐm²²/
Hong Kong /sɐm²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sim⁵³/
/sim²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /seiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /sim³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tim³³/
Rime
Character 甚 甚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 侵 (139) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 常枕切 時鴆切
Baxter dzyimX dzyimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑiɪmX/ /d͡ʑiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑimX/ /d͡ʑimH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑjemX/ /d͡ʑjemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑimX/ /d͡ʑimH/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiəmX/ /ʑiəmH/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭĕmX/ /ʑĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯əmX/ /ʑi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shèn shèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sam6 sam6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 甚 甚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shèn shèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyimX › ‹ dzyimH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ/ /*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ-s/
English excessive, very excessive

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 甚 甚
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 11296 11297
Phonetic
component 		甚 甚
Rime
group 		侵 侵
Rime
subdivision 		3 3
Corresponding
MC rime 		甚 甚
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡljumʔ/ /*ɡljums/

Definitions

甚

  1. serious; extreme; excessive
  2. extremely; considerably; very
  3. (literary) to exceed; to surpass
  4. a surname

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 甚 – see 什 (“ten families; etc.”).
(This character is a variant traditional form of 什).

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

甚

  1. (literary or dialectal Mandarin, Jin) what
    甚事？  ―  Shèn shì?  ―  What is it?
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 什麼 (“what”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 什麼, 恁麼 obsolete
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 什麼, 嗎兒
Taiwan 什麼
Chengde 什麼
Chifeng 啥
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 什麼, 啥
Heihe 什麼, 啥
Qiqihar 什麼, 啥
Harbin 什麼, 啥
Jiamusi 什麼, 啥
Baicheng 啥
Changchun 啥
Tonghua 啥
Shenyang 什麼, 啥
Jinzhou 什麼, 啥
Malaysia 什麼
Singapore 什麼
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 嗎
Tangshan 啥
Cangzhou 什麼, 嗎
Baoding 什麼
Shijiazhuang 啥
Lijin 啥, 啥稿兒
Weifang (Weicheng) 啥, 什麼
Weifang (Fangzi) 什麼
Changle 啥, 什麼
Shouguang 啥嘎
Rizhao 什麼
Wulian 什麼
Jinan 麼兒, 麼, 什麼, 麼個
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 什麼
Dandong 什麼, 啥
Yantai 什麼
Yantai (Muping) 麼, 麼個
Qingdao 什麼
Weifang (Hanting) 什麼
Changyi 什麼
Gaomi 什麼
Zhucheng 什麼
Anqiu 什麼
Linqu 什麼
Qingzhou 啥, 什麼嘎
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 啥
Lingbao 啥兒
Jining 什麼
Wanrong 色
Linfen 啥
Shangqiu 啥
Yuanyang 什麼
Zhengzhou 啥
Xinyang 啥
Baihe 啥
Xi'an 什麼, 啥
Baoji 啥, 咋麼
Tianshui 啥
Xining 啥
Xuzhou 什麼, 啥, 啥子
Fuyang 什麼, 啥
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 啥
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 什麼, 啥
Lanzhou 什麼, 啥
Dunhuang 啥
Hami 什麼, 啥
Ürümqi 啥
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 啥子
Nanchong 啥, 啥子
Dazhou 啥子
Hanyuan 啥, 啥子
Xichang 啥子
Zigong 啥子
Chongqing 啥子
Wuhan 什麼, 麼事
Yichang 什麼兒
Xiangyang 什麼, 啥子
Tianmen 什麼, 什麼的
Lhasa 啥子
Guiyang 哪樣
Zunyi 啷個, 啥子
Bijie 哪樣, 啷子
Liping 甚子
Zhaotong 什麼, 啥子
Dali 咋個
Kunming 什麼, 哪樣
Mengzi 哪樣
Guilin 什麼
Guilin (Lingui) 什麼
Guanyang 什麼
Liuzhou 什麼
Liuzhou (Luorong) 什麼
Jishou 什麼
Changde 麼得
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 麼子
Hanzhong 啥子
Dagudi (Maliba) 什麼
Reshuitang (Longling) 什麼
Mae Salong (Lancang) 哪樣, 什麼
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 什麼
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 什麼
Yangzhou 什麼
Lianyungang 什麼
Lianshui 什麼
Nantong 甚呢
Anqing 什麼, 麼東西
Wuhu 什麼
Hefei 什麼, 哄, 哄個
Hong'an 什麼, 麼事, 麼東西
Cantonese Guangzhou 乜嘢, 咩嘢, 乜, 咩
Hong Kong 乜嘢, 咩嘢, 乜, 咩
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 咩嘢
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 乜嘢
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 咩嘢
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 咩嘢
Macau 乜嘢
Guangzhou (Panyu) 乜嘢
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 乜嘢
Guangzhou (Conghua) 乜嘢
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 乜嘢
Foshan 乜嘢
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 乜嘢
Foshan (Shunde) 乜嘢
Foshan (Sanshui) 乜嘢
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 乜嘢
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 乜嘢
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 乜嘢
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 乜
Zhuhai (Doumen) 乜
Jiangmen (Baisha) 乜嘢
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 乜
Taishan 乜, 乜嘢
Taishan (Guanghai) 乜, 乜嘎
Kaiping (Chikan) 乜, 乜啊, 乜嘢
Enping (Niujiang) 乜嘢
Heshan (Yayao) 乜嘢
Dongguan 乜嘢, 乜
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 乜嘢
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 乜嘢, 乜
Yangjiang 乜, 乜嘢
Wuzhou 乜嘢
Hepu (Lianzhou) 物底
Guiping 乜嘢
Mengshan (Xihe) 什麼
Beiliu (Tangliao) 乜嘢
Baise 乜嘢
Qinzhou 乜嘢, 乜
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 乜底
Beihai 乜嘢
Beihai (Nankang) 乜嘢
Beihai (Yingpan) 乜底
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 乜嘢
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 乜嘢
Hengzhou 哪門
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 乜嘢
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 乜嘢, 咩
Penang (Guangfu) 乜嘢, 咩
Singapore (Guangfu) 乜嘢, 咩, 乜
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 乜嘢
Móng Cái 乜嘢
Yangon (Taishan) 乜
Gan Nanchang 什哩
Lichuan 什仔
Pingxiang 咋個
Hakka Meixian 麼個
Xingning 麼個
Dabu (Gaobei) 麼個
Fengshun (Tangkeng) 麼個
Fengshun (Fengliang) 麼個
Fengshun (Pantian) 麼個
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 乜嘢
Huiyang 麼個
Huidong (Daling) 麼個
Dongguan (Qingxi) 麼個
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 麼個
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 乜嘢
Wuhua (Huacheng) 麼個
Wengyuan 麼個
Nanxiong (Zhuji) 什麼
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 麼個
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 麼個
Liannan 麼個
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 麼個
Jiexi 麼個
Luhe 麼個
Changting 麼個, 什西哩, 什西
Wuping 麼個, 麼事
Wuping (Pingyu) 麼個
Liancheng 麼個, 什麼
Ninghua 什麼
Yudu 子個
Ruijin 咩, 唔幾
Shicheng 什麼
Shangyou (Shexi) 哪個, 哪項, 個哪, 哪
Tonggu (Sandu) 麼個
Ganzhou (Panlong) 什麼
Dayu 什麼
Taoyuan 麼個
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 麼個
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 麼個
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 麼個
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 麼個
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 麼個
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 麼個
Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) 麼個
Hong Kong 麼個
Mengshan (Xihe) 麼個
Luchuan 麼個
Senai (Huiyang) 麼個
Kuching (Hepo) 乜個
Singkawang 麼個
Pontianak (Meixian) 麼個
Singapore (Dabu) 麼個
Bangkok (Meixian) 麼個
Bangkok (Fengshun) 麼個
Huizhou Jixi 麼仂
Shexian 麼二
Jin Taiyuan 甚
Yangyuan 什麼, 啥, 咋, 甚
Datong 啥
Xinzhou 甚
Lüliang (Lishi) 甚
Changzhi 什麼
Linhe 什麼, 甚
Jining 甚
Hohhot 甚
Erenhot 什麼, 甚
Pingshan 什麼兒
Zhangjiakou 什麼
Handan 什麼, 啥
Linzhou 啥
Suide 什麼, 甚
Jiuxing Yumin Lanxi 啥哩
Northern Min Jian'ou 孰事, 孰麼, 孰麼事
Jian'ou (Dikou) 橘二, 橘二事
Songxi 什麼事
Jianyang 孰事
Wuyishan 什麼事
Pucheng (Shibei) 孰麼, 孰, 孰麼事, 孰事, 孰麼契, 孰契
Eastern Min Fuzhou 什乇, 什名, 什乇名, 面乇名
Fuzhou (Changle) 什乇
Fuqing 什乇, 乜乇
Pingtan 什乇
Yongtai 哪乇
Gutian 乇, 什乇
Fu'an 乜乇
Ningde 哪乇
Shouning 呢乇
Zhouning 乜乇
Fuding 哪乇
Matsu 什乇
Singapore (Fuqing) 什乇
Southern Min Xiamen 什物, 啥物, 啥貨
Xiamen (Tong'an) 什物
Quanzhou 啥物, 乜
Jinjiang 啥物
Nan'an 什物
Shishi 啥物
Hui'an 什物
Anxi 啥物
Yongchun 啥物
Dehua 啥物
Zhangzhou 哪貨仔, 哪貨, 哪仔, 哪物仔, 哪物, 什物, 啥物, 啥貨, 啥物仔, 啥貨仔
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 啥物, 啥
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 啥
Hua'an 什物
Nanjing 哪物
Pinghe 啥物
Zhangpu 啥貨
Yunxiao 什物仔
Zhao'an 什物
Dongshan 什物
Taipei 啥貨, 啥物, 啥
Taipei (Wanhua) 啥物
New Taipei (Sanxia) 啥
Kaohsiung 啥, 啥貨, 啥物
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 啥物, 啥
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 啥物, 啥
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 啥物, 啥
Yilan 啥貨, 啥物貨
Changhua (Lukang) 啥物, 啥貨
Taichung 啥, 啥貨
Taichung (Wuqi) 啥物
Tainan 啥物, 啥貨
Taitung 啥物
Hsinchu 啥, 啥物
Kinmen 啥貨, 啥物, 什物, 物代
Penghu (Magong) 啥貨, 物代
Penang (Hokkien) 何物
Singapore (Hokkien) 什物
Manila (Hokkien) 啥物
Medan (Hokkien) 何物
Longyan 什物
Datian 啥貨, 什物
Chaozhou 乜個, 乜
Shantou 乜個, 乜
Shantou (Chenghai) 乜個
Shantou (Chaoyang) 乜個
Jieyang 乜個, 乜, 是乜
Haifeng 乜個, 乜
Bangkok (Teochew) 乜個
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 乜個
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 乜個
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 乜個
Singapore (Teochew) 乜個, 什乜, 底個
Batam (Teochew) 乜個, 什乜, 底個
Pontianak (Teochew) 乜個
Leizhou 乜
Wenchang 乜
Haikou 乜, 個乜
Qionghai 乜
Singapore (Hainanese) 乜
Puxian Min Putian 甚麼
Central Min Yong'an 啥貨
Sanming (Sanyuan) 啥貨
Sanming (Shaxian) 啥貨
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 乜儗
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 門, 哪門
Binyang (Xinqiao) 哪門
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 什個
Luxi (Lijiatian) 什家
Wu Shanghai 啥, 啥個, 啥物事
Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang) 啥物
Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) 啥物事
Shanghai (Fengxian) 啥物
Shanghai (Jinshan) 做啥
Shanghai (Qingpu) 哈個
Shanghai (Chongming) 何, 何物, 何物事
Suzhou 啥, 啥個, 啥物事
Wuxi 啥, 啥個, 啥物事, 啥物
Danyang 點高
Hangzhou 啥
Ningbo 啥, 啥西
Wenzhou 何乜
Jinhua 待, 淡
Xiang Changsha 麼子
Loudi 麼子
Shuangfeng 麼子
Quanzhou 什麼
Guanyang (Wenshi) 啥

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

甚

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. tremendously
  2. very
  3. great
  4. exceedingly

Readings

Korean

Hanja

甚 (eumhun 심할 심 (simhal sim))

  1. great extent
  2. considerably

Vietnamese

Han character

甚: Hán Nôm readings: thậm, rậm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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