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  2. Wiktionary
  3. -ιος
-ιος

-ιος

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See also: ιός, Ίος, and ἰός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

    Derived from Proto-Indo-European *-yós.

    Pronunciation

     

    Suffix

    -ῐος • (-ios) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension

    1. Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to ("of").
      1. Often added to a combination of preposition and noun (parasynthesis)
        ἀπό-γε-ιος
        apó-ge-ios
        far from earth (adj.)

    Inflection

    First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐᾱ; -ῐον (Attic)
    Number Singular Dual Plural
    Case/Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative -ῐος
    -ios     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Genitive -ῐου
    -iou     		-ῐᾱς
    -iās     		-ῐου
    -iou     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐαιν
    -iain     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐων
    -iōn     		-ῐων
    -iōn     		-ῐων
    -iōn
    Dative -ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐᾳ
    -iāi     		-ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐαιν
    -iain     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐοις
    -iois     		-ῐαις
    -iais     		-ῐοις
    -iois
    Accusative -ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐᾱν
    -iān     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐους
    -ious     		-ῐᾱς
    -iās     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Vocative -ῐε
    -ie     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
    -ῐως
    -iōs     		-ῐώτερος
    -iṓteros     		-ῐώτᾰτος
    -iṓtatos
    Notes:
    First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐη; -ῐον (Epic)
    Number Singular Dual Plural
    Case/Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative -ῐος
    -ios     		-ῐη
    -iē     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Genitive -ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο
    -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo     		-ῐης
    -iēs     		-ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο
    -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo     		-ῐοιῐν
    -ioiin     		-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν
    -iai(i)n / -iēiin     		-ῐοιῐν
    -ioiin     		-ῐων
    -iōn     		-ῐᾱ́ων / -ῐέ͜ων / -ῐῶν
    -iā́ōn / -ié͜ōn / -iôn     		-ῐων
    -iōn
    Dative -ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐῃ
    -iēi     		-ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐοιῐν
    -ioiin     		-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν
    -iai(i)n / -iēiin     		-ῐοιῐν
    -ioiin     		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις
    -ioisi(n) / -iois     		-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν / -ῐῃς / -ῐαις
    -iēisi(n) / -iēis / -iais     		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις
    -ioisi(n) / -iois
    Accusative -ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐην
    -iēn     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐους
    -ious     		-ῐᾱς
    -iās     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Vocative -ῐε
    -ie     		-ῐη
    -iē     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
    -ῐως
    -iōs     		-ῐώτερος
    -iṓteros     		-ῐώτᾰτος
    -iṓtatos
    Notes:
    • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
    First and second declension of -ῐος; -ῐη; -ῐον (Ionic)
    Number Singular Dual Plural
    Case/Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative -ῐος
    -ios     		-ῐη
    -iē     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Genitive -ῐου
    -iou     		-ῐης
    -iēs     		-ῐου
    -iou     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐαιν
    -iain     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐων
    -iōn     		-ῐέων / -ῐῶν
    -iéōn / -iôn     		-ῐων
    -iōn
    Dative -ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐῃ
    -iēi     		-ῐῳ
    -iōi     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐαιν
    -iain     		-ῐοιν
    -ioin     		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις
    -ioisi(n) / -iois     		-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν
    -iēisi(n)     		-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις
    -ioisi(n) / -iois
    Accusative -ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐην
    -iēn     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐους
    -ious     		-ῐᾱς
    -iās     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Vocative -ῐε
    -ie     		-ῐη
    -iē     		-ῐον
    -ion     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐᾱ
    -iā     		-ῐω
    -iō     		-ῐοι
    -ioi     		-ῐαι
    -iai     		-ῐᾰ
    -ia
    Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
    -ῐως
    -iōs     		-ῐώτερος
    -iṓteros     		-ῐώτᾰτος
    -iṓtatos
    Notes:
    • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

    Derived terms

    Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ιος
    • -ιον (diminutives and nominalized adjectives)

    Descendants

    • Greek: -ιος (-ios)

    References

    Greek

    Etymology 1

    From Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ios). Found in inherited words, and compositions of formal words.

    Pronunciation

    for older or formal words:

    • IPA(key): /i.os/
    • Hyphenation: ι‧ος

    Suffix

    -ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)

    1. Used to form nouns and adjectives indicating origin:
      ‎Κύπρος (Kýpros, “Cyprus”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎Κύπριος (Kýprios, “Cypriot”) (noun, demonym)
      Related term: -αίος (-aíos) for demonyms
      ‎θάλασσα (thálassa, “sea”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎θαλάσσιος (thalássios, “marine”) (adjective)
      ‎αιώνας (aiónas, “century”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎αιώνιος (aiónios, “eternal”) (adjective)
    Declension
    Declension of -ιος
    number 
    case \ gender      		singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative -ιος • -ια • / -ία • -ιο • -ιοι • -ιες • -ια •
    genitive -ιου • / -ίου • -ιας • / -ίας • -ιου • / -ίου • -ιων • / -ίων • -ιων • / -ίων • -ιων • / -ίων •
    accusative -ιο • -ια • / -ία • -ιο • -ιους • / -ίους • -ιες • -ια •
    vocative -ιε • -ια • / -ία • -ιο • -ιοι • -ιες • -ια •
    derivations Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.)
    Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.)

    Etymology 2

    Modern formations of derivatives from verbs or adjectives + -ιος (-ios)

    Pronunciation

    in one syllable:

    • IPA(key): /i̯os/ with palatal variants /ʝos, ʎos, ços, ɲos/ depending on the preceding consonant
    • Hyphenation: ιος

    Suffix

    -ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)

    1. Used to form adjectives indicating property, characteristic of the prototype word:
      ‎σαπίζω (sapízo, “I rot”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎σάπιος (sápios, “rotten”) /ˈsapços/ (from verb)
      ‎καθαρός (katharós, “clean”) + ‎-ιος (-ios) → ‎καθάριος (kathários, “clear”) /kaˈθaɾʝos/ (from adjective)
    Declension
    Declension of -ιος
    number 
    case \ gender      		singular plural
    masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
    nominative -ιος • -ια • -ιο • -ιοι • -ιες • -ια •
    genitive -ιου • -ιας • -ιου • -ιων • -ιων • -ιων •
    accusative -ιο • -ια • -ιο • -ιους • -ιες • -ια •
    vocative -ιε • -ια • -ιο • -ιοι • -ιες • -ια •
    derivations Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.)
    Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.)

    Derived terms

    Greek terms suffixed with -ιος

    Further reading

    Pusat Layanan

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