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  2. Wiktionary
  3. China
China

China

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: china, chinâ, and čhína

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 China (disambiguation) on Wikipedia
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:
A reconstruction of the extent of various Chinese realms since the Zhou.

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Portuguese China,[1][2] probably under influence from Old French Chin,[3] from Classical Persian چین (čīn), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “the Chinese; China”) of uncertain etymology. It is usually thought to be derived from Chinese 秦 (Qín) (sm Qín, mc d͡ziɪn, oc *zin, "Qin"), the westernmost ancient Chinese state,[4][5][6] but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉／晋 (jìn) (sm Jìn, mc t͡siɪn, oc *ʔsins, "Jin"), another important ancient state;[7] 荊／荆 (jīng) (sm Jīng, mc kˠiæŋ, oc *keŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state;[8] or Zina, the endonym of the people of the Yelang kingdom.[8] See "Names of China" and "Chinas" at Wikipedia. As a female name, usually derived via china (“porcelain”) and china doll, ultimately from the same source.

Pronunciation

  • (UK, US) enPR: chī'nə, IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃaɪnə/, [ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə]
    • Audio (UK):(file)
    • Audio (US, female voice):(file)
    • Audio (US, male voice):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɪnə

Proper noun

China (usually uncountable, plural Chinas)

  1. A nation or civilization occupying the country around the Yellow, Yangtze, and Pearl Rivers in East Asia, taken as a whole under its various dynasties.
    • 1555, Peter Martyr, translated by Richard Eden, The Decades of the Newe Worlde..., folio 230 verso:
      The great China, whose kyng is thought... the greatest prince in the worlde.
    • 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC:
      If he tells them to build a palace forty miles long, out of di'monds, and fill it full of chewing gum, or whatever you want, and fetch an emperor's daughter from China for you to marry, they've got to do it—and they've got to do it before sun-up next morning, too.
    • 1987, Geoffrey Marston, “Abandonment of Territorial Claims: The Cases of Bouvet and Spratly Islands”, in The British Year Book of International Law 1986‎[4], volume 57, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 356:
      The Commissioner General asked for Foreign Office guidance in view of his information about earlier events relating to the British claim. In reply, the Foreign Office, in a telegram dated 12 June 1956, pointed out that as there was now a territorial dispute involving the two Chinas, the Philippines and possibly Vietnam over the Nansha Islands the British vessel should ‘stay well clear’ of Spratly Island.
    • 1998, George H. W. Bush et al., A World Transformed‎[5], New York: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 93:
      After I was nominated to the vice-presidency, Ronald Reagan asked me to go to China to reassure Deng that, despite having mentioned it in a campaign speech, he did not believe in two Chinas, and that he would honor the Shanghai Communiqué—which declared, in effect, that there was but one China. Joined by his top foreign policy team, Deng listened carefully as I explained that Reagan’s statement had been taken out of context. Just as I was finishing, a door opened and a message was passed down the line of advisors until it reached Deng. On reading it, he looked puzzled and annoyed. “He did it again!” he announced. “Ronald Reagan has again referred to ‘two Chinas’ in a speech!” I talked fast and got out of there.
    China has 5000 years of history.
  3. The principal state in this country, including (historical) an empire under various dynasties and (since 1949) the People's Republic of China.
    • 1971 December 6, “A Size-up of President Nixon: Interview with Mike Mansfield, Senate Democratic Leader”, in US News & World Report, page 61:
      'Only a Nixon' Could Go to China
    • 2017, Donald J. Trump, speech at Make America Great Again Rally, Harrisburg, PA
      And I met with the President of China at great length in Florida, and we had long, long talks—hours and hours and hours.
    China will be 73 years old this October 1.
  4. Synonym of mainland China.
    The gambling winnings were transferred from Macau to China.
  5. (rare) A female given name.
    • 2001, Susan Wittig Albert, chapter 1, in Bloodroot, Berkley Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 3:
      My name is China Bayles. I'm the owner of Thyme and Seasons and the co-owner, with Ruby Wilcox, of a new tearoom called Thyme for Tea.
    • 2014, Neil D. A. Stewart, The Glasgow Coma Scale, Constable & Robinson, →ISBN, page 159:
      'What's her name, this girl?' The fight had hoarsened Lynne's voice, and the words came out strangely staccato - a wooden doll that had just learned to speak.
      'China,' he mumbled, feeling an obscure desire to invent a pseudonym for her.
      'What an interesting name.'
      Angus struck the table edge hard. 'Aw, don't gies it.'
      'I don't know what you mean. Or is it a nickname? Fragile, is she?'
  6. An unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Indiana, United States.
  7. A town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.
  8. An unincorporated community in Howell County, Missouri, United States.
  9. A hamlet in Delaware County, New York, United States.
  10. A small city in Jefferson County, Texas, United States.
  11. A municipality and town in Nuevo León, Mexico.

Synonyms

Meronyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Descendants of China

Translations

See China/translations § Proper noun.

Noun

China (countable and uncountable, plural Chinas)

  1. (obsolete) A Chinese person.
  2. (obsolete) Alternative form of cheyney: woollen stuff; items made or filled with cheyney.
  3. Clipping of China rose: various flowers.
  4. (botany, beverages) Clipping of China tea.
  5. (rhyming slang) Alternative form of china: a mate, a friend.

See also

References

  1. ^ Duarte Barbosa, Descrição das Terras da India Oriental..., c. 1516.
  2. ^ Garcia de Orta, Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas da India, 1563.
  3. ^ Marco Polo & al., Divisiment dou Monde, c. 1298.
  4. ^ Dr M. R. Singh (1972) Geographical Data in Early Puranas, page 172
  5. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “cīna-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 191
  6. ^ Yule, Henry (2005) Cathay and the Way Thither‎[2], →ISBN, pages 2–3
  7. ^ Zhengzhang, Shangfang (鄭張尚芳) (2006) “古译名勘原辨讹五例”, in 中国语文 (in Chinese), volume 315, →ISSN, pages 541–549
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Wade Geoff (2009-05) “The Polity of Yelang and the Origin of the Name 'China'”, in Sino-Platonic Papers‎[3], number 188

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Afrikaans Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia af

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Dutch China.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China

  1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

Asturian

Asturian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ast

Proper noun

China f

  1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Proper noun

China

  1. China (a country in Asia)

Dutch

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Proper noun

China n

  1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

Derived terms

Galician

Galician Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia gl

Proper noun

China f

  1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

Derived terms

German

German Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia de

Etymology

From Persian چینی (čini, “Chinese; porcelain”), compound of چین (čin, “China”) and the suffix ـی (-i), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (čīn, “China”), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna).

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: Chi‧na

Proper noun

China n (proper noun, genitive Chinas or (optionally with an article) China, plural China)

  1. China (a country in East Asia)

Usage notes

Declension

Declension of China [neuter, strong]
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein das China die China
genitive eines des Chinas, China der China
dative einem dem China den China
accusative ein das China die China

Further reading

  • “China” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)der.?
    Sanskrit चीन (cīna)bor.
    Hindi चीन (cīn)bor.
    Brazilian Portuguese Chinabor.
    German Chinabor.
    Hunsrik China

    Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese and German China.[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈʃiːna/
    • Rhymes: -iːna
    • Syllabification: Chi‧na

    Proper noun

    China n

    1. China (a country in eastern Asia)
      Das waar im China gemach. ― This was made in China.

    Derived terms

    References

    1. ^ Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “China”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 30, column 2

    Indonesian

    Etymology

    Unadapted borrowing from English China.

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China

    1. (nonstandard, now possibly derogatory) nonstandard form of Cina (“a country; language”).

    Interlingua

    Interlingua Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ia

    Proper noun

    China

    1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

    Malay

    Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ms

    Etymology

    From Middle Persian [script needed] (ṣīn, “Chinese; porcelain”), probably from Sanskrit चीन (cīna). The spelling is a carryover from the Za'aba Spelling used before 1972, to distinguish it from Cina (“Chinese people”).

    Pronunciation

    Proper noun

    China (Jawi spelling چينا)

    1. China (a country in eastern Asia)
      Synonym: Tiongkok (Riau Malay, Indonesian)

    Further reading

    Occitan

    Occitan Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia oc

    Alternative forms

    Proper noun

    China f

    1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

    Derived terms

    References

    • Patric Guilhemjoan, Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), 2005, Orthez, per noste, 2005, →ISBN, page 146.

    Portuguese

    Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pt
    bandeira da China

    Etymology

      Perhaps from Hindi चीन (cīn) and ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna). Compare Malay Cina.

      Pronunciation

       
       

      • Hyphenation: Chi‧na

      Proper noun

      China f

      1. China (a country in eastern Asia)
        • 2007, Rubens Edwald Filho, Nilu Lebert, O cinema vai à mesa, Editora Melhoramentos, →ISBN, page 31:
          Mudam os ingredientes do caldo, mudam as massas. O macarrão soba é à base de trigo sarraceno e é servido quente ou gelado; o udon, de farinha branca, pode ser encontrado fresco ou seco; o sômen é bem fininho, quase um cabelo-de-anjo japonês; o harusame, para ser servido gelado, é uma massa feita de feijão-verde e, finalmente, existe o lamen, originário da China, porém muito difundido no Japão.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      Derived terms

      Descendants

      Romanian

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Greek Κίνα (Kína), ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna).

      Pronunciation

      Proper noun

      China f

      1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

      Derived terms

      Romansch

      Proper noun

      la China f

      1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

      Shona

      Etymology

      From -china (“fourth”), counting the days of the working week from Monday.

      Noun

      China class 7

      1. Thursday

      See also

      Spanish

      Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia es

      Etymology

      Ultimately from Sanskrit चीन (cīna), ultimately possibly from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin).

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃina/ [ˈt͡ʃi.na]
      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ina
      • Syllabification: Chi‧na

      Proper noun

      China f

      1. China (a country in eastern Asia)

      Derived terms

      Descendants

      Swahili

      Pronunciation

      Proper noun

      China

      1. Alternative form of Uchina
      Pusat Layanan

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