arat
Finnish
Etymology 1
Noun
arat
- nominative plural of ara
Etymology 2
Adjective
arat
- nominative plural of arka
Anagrams
Hungarian
Etymology
Of debated origin:
- Either from Proto-Uralic *šurɜ- (“to cut, divide, distribute, share”),[1][2]
- or from a Turkic language, compare Proto-Turkic *or- and Ottoman Turkish ora.[2]
Either way, it is considered to have the Hungarian suffix -t and to be the variant of Hungarian irt, with which it used to share its meaning.[2]
Pronunciation
Verb
arat
Conjugation
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | aratok | aratsz | arat | aratunk | arattok | aratnak | |
Def. | aratom | aratod | aratja | aratjuk | aratjátok | aratják | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | arattam | arattál | aratott | arattunk | arattatok | arattak | ||
Def. | arattam | arattad | aratta | arattuk | arattátok | aratták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. aratni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | araték | aratál | arata | aratánk | aratátok | aratának | ||
Def. | aratám | aratád | aratá | aratánk | aratátok | araták | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. arat vala, aratott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | aratandok | aratandasz | aratand | aratandunk | aratandotok | aratandanak | ||
Def. | aratandom | aratandod | aratandja | aratandjuk | aratandjátok | aratandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | aratnék | aratnál | aratna | aratnánk | aratnátok | aratnának | |
Def. | aratnám | aratnád | aratná | aratnánk (or aratnók) |
aratnátok | aratnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | aratnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. aratott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | arassak | arass or arassál |
arasson | arassunk | arassatok | arassanak | |
Def. | arassam | arasd or arassad |
arassa | arassuk | arassátok | arassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. aratott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | aratni | aratnom | aratnod | aratnia | aratnunk | aratnotok | aratniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
aratás | arató | aratott | aratandó | aratva (aratván) | arattat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | arathatok | arathatsz | arathat | arathatunk | arathattok | arathatnak | |
Def. | arathatom | arathatod | arathatja | arathatjuk | arathatjátok | arathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | arathattam | arathattál | arathatott | arathattunk | arathattatok | arathattak | ||
Def. | arathattam | arathattad | arathatta | arathattuk | arathattátok | arathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | arathaték | arathatál | arathata | arathatánk | arathatátok | arathatának | ||
Def. | arathatám | arathatád | arathatá | arathatánk | arathatátok | arathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. arathat vala, arathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | arathatandok or aratandhatok |
arathatandasz or aratandhatsz |
arathatand or aratandhat |
arathatandunk or aratandhatunk |
arathatandotok or aratandhattok |
arathatandanak or aratandhatnak | ||
Def. | arathatandom or aratandhatom |
arathatandod or aratandhatod |
arathatandja or aratandhatja |
arathatandjuk or aratandhatjuk |
arathatandjátok or aratandhatjátok |
arathatandják or aratandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatandalak or aratandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | arathatnék | arathatnál | arathatna | arathatnánk | arathatnátok | arathatnának | |
Def. | arathatnám | arathatnád | arathatná | arathatnánk (or arathatnók) |
arathatnátok | arathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. arathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | arathassak | arathass or arathassál |
arathasson | arathassunk | arathassatok | arathassanak | |
Def. | arathassam | arathasd or arathassad |
arathassa | arathassuk | arathassátok | arathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | arathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. arathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (arathatni) | (arathatnom) | (arathatnod) | (arathatnia) | (arathatnunk) | (arathatnotok) | (arathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | aratható | Neg. adj. | arathatatlan | Adv. part. | (arathatva / arathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
References
- ^ Entry #1014 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 arat in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
- arat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- arat in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Indonesian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation
Noun
arat (first-person possessive aratku, second-person possessive aratmu, third-person possessive aratnya)
Further reading
- “arat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Latin
Verb
arat
References
- arat in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Latvian
Verb
arat
Masbatenyo
Noun
arat
Derived terms
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Mongolian ард (ard).
Pronunciation
Noun
arat m pers
Declension
Further reading
- arat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology 1
Verb
arat (past participle of ara)
- past participle of ara
Etymology 2
Compare Aromanian aratru, arat, Spanish and Portuguese arado, Italian aratro (older form arato), Catalan arada). Largely replaced by plug.
Alternative forms
Noun
arat n (plural arate)
Declension
Related terms
Tagalog
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈʔaɾat/ [ˈʔaː.ɾɐt̪̚]
- Rhymes: -aɾat
- Syllabification: a‧rat
Interjection
arat (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜆ᜔) (back slang)
Anagrams
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Finnish adjective forms
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms borrowed from Turkic languages
- Hungarian terms derived from Turkic languages
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -t
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒt/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian uncountable nouns
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Latvian non-lemma forms
- Latvian verb forms
- Masbatenyo lemmas
- Masbatenyo nouns
- Polish terms borrowed from Mongolian
- Polish terms derived from Mongolian
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/arat
- Rhymes:Polish/arat/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- pl:People
- pl:Mongolia
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian past participles
- Romanian verb forms
- Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Romanian terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- Romanian terms with rare senses
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾat
- Rhymes:Tagalog/aɾat/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog interjections
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog back slang