chamar
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Hindi चमार (camār).
Pronunciation
Noun
chamar (plural chamars)
- A member of a tribe who works in leather and agriculture; a tanner or leather-worker.
- 1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Sending of Dana Da”, in In Black and White, Folio Society, published 2005, page 419:
- It is not strictly a native patent, though chamars of the skin and hide castes can, if irritated, despatch a Sending which sits on the breast of their enemy by night and nearly kills him.
Galician
Etymology
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chamar, from Latin clāmāre (“to cry out”). Compare Portuguese chamar and Spanish llamar.
Pronunciation
Verb
chamar (first-person singular present chamo, first-person singular preterite chamei, past participle chamado)
- to call; to refer to (by name)
- Chámome Alejandro e nacín en 1953 ― "I am called Alejandro and was born in 1953"
- (transitive) to call, summon
- Quen chama? ― "Who's calling?"
- (intransitive) to call, summon [with por ‘someone’]
- 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
- Cando voltei, cheguei e enchín,
choran os problemas e chaman por min;
non sei moi ben se hoxe vou ser quen
de pasar de lado como se non fora comigo- When I came back, and pulled it off at the first attempt [veni, vidi, vici]
the troubles cry and call me;
I'm not sure if today I'll be capable
of passing by as if that's not me
- When I came back, and pulled it off at the first attempt [veni, vidi, vici]
- Chama por ela ― "Call her"
- 2016, Malandrómeda, Chegar e encher [song]:
- to invoke
- Synonym: invocar
- (transitive) to goad; to steer, guide (the cattle, a yoke)
- Synonym: afalar
Conjugation
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “chamar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “chamar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “chamar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “chamar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chamar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Latin clāmāre (“to cry out”).
Pronunciation
Verb
chamar
- to call; to refer to (by name)
- to call, to name, to denominate
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to be called (to have a specific name)
Conjugation
infinitive | simple | chamar | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
gerund | simple | chamando | |||||||
compound | gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
masculine | chamado | chamada | |||||||
feminine | chamados | chamadas | |||||||
present participle | chamante | chamantes | |||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | chamo | chamas | chama | chamamos | chamades | chaman | ||
imperfect | chamava | chamavas | chamava | chamavamos, chamávamos | chamavades, chamávades | chamavan | |||
preterite | chamei | chamaste, chamasche, chamache | chamou | chamamos | chamastes | chamaron | |||
pluperfect | chamara | chamaras | chamara | chamaramos, chamáramos | chamarades, chamárades | chamaran | |||
future | chamarei | chamarás | chamará | chamaremos | chamaredes | chamarán | |||
conditional | chamaria | chamarias | chamaria | chamariamos, chamaríamos | chamariades, chamaríades | chamarian | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
present imperfect | imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past anterior | preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
subjunctive mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | chame | chames | chame | chamemos | chamedes | chamen | ||
preterite | chamasse | chamasses | chamasse | chamássemos | chamássedes | chamassen | |||
future | chamar | chamares | chamar | chamarmos | chamardes | chamaren | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
affirmative | — | chama | chame | chamemos | chamade | — | |||
negative | — | non chames | non chame | non chamemos | non chamedes | — | |||
personal infinitive | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
chamar | chamares | chamar | chamarmos | chamardes | chamaren | ||||
1 Its alternative spelling, aver, can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". |
Related terms
Descendants
Further reading
Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chamar, from Latin clamāre (“to cry out”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”). Compare Galician chamar and Spanish llamar. Doublet of clamar, a borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil Nordestino) IPA(key): /ʃɐ.ˈma(h)/, /ʃɐ̃.ˈma(h)/
- Hyphenation: cha‧mar
Audio (Portugal, Oporto): (file)
Verb
chamar (first-person singular present chamo, first-person singular preterite chamei, past participle chamado)
- (transitive) to call; to summon (to ask someone to come)
- (transitive) to call, to name (to use as the name of) [with a ‘someone/something’, along with direct object or de ‘(as) something’; or with direct object ‘someone/something’ and de (+ object or adjective) ‘(as) something’]
- Os botânicos chamam àquele tipo de árvore (de) gimnosperma.
- Botanists call that type of tree a gymnosperm.
- chamar alguém de verdadeiro amigo ― to call someone a true friend
- Deus chamou à luz dia, e às trevas chamou noite.
- God called the light day, and the darkness He called night.
- (transitive, derogatory) to call, to label [with a ‘someone/something’, along with direct object or de ‘(as) something negative’; or with direct object ‘someone/something’ and de (+ object or adjective) ‘(as) something negative’]
- Eles o chamaram de idiota, de mentiroso.
- They called him an idiot, a liar.
- Chamaram-me feio na escola.
- They called me ugly at school.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive) to be called (to have a specific name)
Conjugation
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:chamar.
Related terms
Descendants
- English terms borrowed from Hindi
- English terms derived from Hindi
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Leatherworking
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician terms with usage examples
- Galician transitive verbs
- Galician intransitive verbs
- Galician terms with quotations
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁-
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Old Galician-Portuguese/aɾ
- Rhymes:Old Galician-Portuguese/aɾ/2 syllables
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs
- Old Galician-Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese doublets
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with audio links
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Portuguese transitive verbs
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Portuguese terms with quotations
- Portuguese derogatory terms