déan
Irish
Etymology 1
From Old Irish ·dénai, prototonic form of do·gní.
The past indicative independent form rinne, formerly do-rinne, is from Old Irish do·rigni, deuterotonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.
The past indicative dependent form dearna is from Old Irish *·dernai (compare ·dernus (1st sg.), ·dernais (2nd sg.), ·dernad (passive)), prototonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): /dʲia̯n̪ˠ/
- (Aran) IPA(key): /dʲiːn/, /dʲeːn/[1]
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /dʲiːnˠ/, /dʲɪnˠ/; /dʲiːn̪ˠ/, /dʲɪn̪ˠ/
- (Doohoma, Mayo) IPA(key): /dʲiːnˠ/[2] (as if spelled díon)
- (Achill, Mayo) IPA(key): /dʲa(ː)nˠ/[3] (as if spelled deán)
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /dʲaːnˠ/, /dʲaːn̪ˠ/
Verb
déan (present analytic déanann, future analytic déanfaidh, verbal noun déanamh, past participle déanta)
Conjugation
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
the forms rinne and dearna lose their final vowel in Ulster, becoming rinn and dearn;
for Munster forms, see dein;
in Ulster, the dependent forms of all tenses begin (or are at least pronounced as if they begin) with th- /h/ under lenition and with dt- /dʲ/ or nd- /n̠ʲ/ under eclipsis; since dependent forms are always either lenited or eclipsed, forms with unmuated t- do not occur; independent forms have d /dʲ/ as in the standard language;
in older literary language, Aran, and Ulster, the present indicative and past habitual have independent forms built on the stem ghní- (also spelled ní-); the déan- forms listed above are only dependent:
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present independent | (gh)ním | (gh)ní tú; (gh)níonn tú; (gh)nír |
(gh)ní sé, sí; (gh)níonn sé, sí |
(gh)nímid; (gh)ní muid; (gh)níonn muid |
(gh)ní sibh; (gh)níonn sibh |
(gh)ní siad; (gh)níonn siad; (gh)níd |
a (gh)ní; a (gh)níonn; a (gh)níos |
(gh)níthear |
past habitual independent | (gh)nínn | (gh)nítheá | (gh)níodh sé, sí | (gh)nímis; (gh)níodh muid |
(gh)níodh sibh | (gh)nídís; (gh)níodh siad |
a (gh)níodh | (gh)nítí |
Derived terms
- dea-dhéanta
- déan ábhair
- déan áibhéar
- déan áibhéil
- déan áit do
- déan amach
- déan aoibhneas
- déan aois díobhaill
- déan ar
- déan as
- déan bainis
- déan broc
- déan brón
- déan caimiléireacht ar
- déan cneámhaireacht ar
- déan cóir
- déan de
- déan do
- déan do dhualgas
- déan do dhúthracht
- déan do dícheall
- déan dochar
- déan éagóir
- déan faoi
- déan ionad duine
- déan le
- déan maith
- déan malairt áite le
- déan rud ar
- déan suas
- déarn ármhach ar
References
- ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 84
- ^ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, pages 155–156: “a sháith lé déanamh ə ha: l′e: d′i:nu:”
- ^ Stockman, Gerard (1974) The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; 2), Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast, pages 4, 15, 45
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “déan”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 84
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·gní”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
déan m (genitive singular déin, nominative plural déin)
Declension
Derived terms
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “déan”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
déan | dhéan | ndéan |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
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