dit
English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English ditten, dütten, from Old English dyttan (“to stop up, close”), from Proto-West Germanic *duttijan, from Proto-Germanic *duttijaną, from *duttaz (“wisp”), akin to Icelandic dytta. Related to Old English dott (“dot, point”). More at dot.
Verb
dit (third-person singular simple present dits, present participle ditting, simple past and past participle ditted)
- (UK dialectal, Northern England) To stop up; block (an opening); close (compare Scots dit).
- (obsolete) To close up.
- 1599, James VI and I, Basilikon Doron:
- that I would haue thought my sincere plainnesse in that first part vpon that subiect, should haue ditted the mouth of the most enuious Momus
Related terms
Etymology 2
Variant of dite.
Noun
dit (plural dits)
- (obsolete, rare) A ditty, a little melody.
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
- No bird, but did her shrill notes sweetly sing; / No song but did containe a louely dit: / Trees, braunches, birds, and songs were framed fit [...].
- (obsolete) A word; a decree.
Etymology 3
Imitative.
Noun
dit (plural dits)
- The spoken representation of a dot in radio and telegraph Morse code.
Translations
See also
Etymology 4
Shortening.
Noun
dit (plural dits)
Etymology 5
From French dit (“called”). Doublet of ditto.
Adjective
dit (not comparable)
Related terms
Anagrams
Afrikaans
Alternative forms
- 't (Cape Afrikaans)
Etymology
From Dutch dit (“this”), from Middle Dutch dit, from Old Dutch thit.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
dit (possessive sy)
- it, this, that (subject and object)
- referring to the context
- Dit lyk baie moeilik.
- It seems very difficult.
- referring to something seen or heard in the real world
- Dit is ’n huis. ― This is a house.
- referring to non-personal singular nouns
- Sy het my die boek gegee, maar ek het dit nog nie gelees nie.
- She gave me the book, but I haven’t read it yet.
- referring to the context
Usage notes
Synonyms
- (referring to something seen or heard): hierdie; daardie (both more demonstrative)
- (referring to non-personal singulars): hy, hom
Derived terms
Related terms
See also
subjective | objective | possessive determiner | possessive pronoun | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st | ek | my | myne | ||
2nd | jy | jou | joune | |||
2nd, formal | u | u s’n | ||||
3rd, masc | hy | hom | sy | syne | ||
3rd, fem | sy | haar | hare | |||
3rd, neut | dit | sy | syne | |||
plural | 1st | ons | ons s’n | |||
2nd | julle / jul1 | julle s’n | ||||
3rd | hulle / hul1 | hulle s’n | ||||
1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function, but also otherwise, chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence. |
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Preposition
dit
Related terms
Breton
Pronoun
dit
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Latin digitus. Doublet of dígit. Cognate with Occitan det and dit, French doigt, Spanish dedo and dígito, Portuguese dedo and dígito, and Galician dedo.
Noun
dit m (plural dits)
- finger, toe
- fingerbreadth
- tres o quatre dits d'ample
- three or four finger(breadth)s wide
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Participle
dit (feminine dita, masculine plural dits, feminine plural dites)
- past participle of dir
Derived terms
Further reading
- “dit” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “dit” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Central Franconian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle High German diser m, whose neuter was dit in Central Franconian (other Middle High German diz). The regular outcome would be disse vs. det. The vocalic variation was levelled one way or the other in all dialects. Levelling of the consonantism remained optional and probably occurred only after the determiner had been chiefly restricted to periods of time.
Pronunciation
Determiner
dit (masculine disse, feminine and plural diss)
- this, the current
- disse Mond ― this month
- diss Woch ― this week
- dit Johr ― this year
- (very rare) this, the one right here
Danish
Pronoun
See also
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch dit, from Old Dutch thit. Cognate with German dies.
Pronunciation
Determiner
dit
- this (neuter); referring to a thing or a person closer by.
- dit huis
- this house
- dit kind
- this child
Declension
Derived terms
Descendants
Pronoun
dit n
- (demonstrative) this, this here
- Wat is dit?
- What is this?
Usage notes
This pronoun can combine with a preposition to form a pronominal adverb. When this occurs, it is changed into its adverbial/locative counterpart hier. See also Category:Dutch pronominal adverbs.
See also
Dutch demonstrative determiners | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Proximal | deze | deze | dit | deze |
Distal | die | die | dat | die |
Possessive | diens | dier | diens | dier |
French
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old French dit, from Latin dictus.
Participle
dit (feminine dite, masculine plural dits, feminine plural dites)
- past participle of dire
- Il a dit son nom. ― He said his name.
- (in names) Indicating a surname used as a family name.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Latin dīcit, third-person singular present active indicative of dīcō.
Verb
dit
- inflection of dire:
- third-person singular present indicative
- third-person singular past historic
- « Je m’appelle Paul, » dit-il. ― “My name is Paul,” he said.
Further reading
- “dit”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Friulian
Etymology
Verb
dit
- past participle of dî
Adjective
dit
Noun
dit m (plural dits)
German
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Pronoun
dit
- (colloquial, regional, north-eastern Germany, including Berlin) Synonym of das
- Kann man dit irgendwie ändern?
- Can this be changed somehow?
- Wie oft muss ick ’n dir dit noch sagen?
- How many times do I have to tell you this?
Indonesian
Noun
dit
- (law enforcement) Clipping of direktorat (“directorate”).
Louisiana Creole
Etymology
From French dire (“to tell”), compare Haitian Creole di.
Verb
dit
- to tell
References
- Alcée Fortier, Louisiana Folktales
Low German
Alternative forms
Pronoun
dit n
See also
Middle Dutch
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronoun
dit
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Determiner
dit
Further reading
- “dit”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “dit”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
North Frisian
Article
dit
Usage notes
- Besides personal and possessive pronouns, dit is the only gendered form in Sylt Frisian, as gender distinctions in determiners and adjectives have been lost (unlike other North Frisian dialects). This causes a marked tendency to abolish grammatical gender altogether (compare the article template below). The distinction of the neuter is mainly stabilized by Standard German influence; gender distribution, when applied, therefore tends to follow closely the German pattern.
Alternative forms
- det (Föhr-Amrum), dåt (Mooring)
See also
masculine / feminine |
neuter | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
definite / demonstrative |
full | di | dit | di |
reduced | — | |||
indefinite / numeral |
full | jen | — | |
reduced | en | |||
negative | niin | |||
Spoken Sylt Frisian has a strong tendency to generalize di and thereby abolish grammatical gender. However, dit is usually maintained with nominalized adjectives and infinitives. Total reduction of the definite article is very common after prepositions, otherwise exceptional. |
Norwegian
Adverb
dit
Occitan
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
dit m (plural dits)
Old French
Etymology 1
Noun
dit oblique singular, m (oblique plural diz or ditz, nominative singular diz or ditz, nominative plural dit)
Synonyms
Etymology 2
Verb
dit
- past participle of dire
- third-person singular present indicative of dire
- third-person singular past historic of dire
Descendants
- French: dit
Scots
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Early Scots ditt or dyt, from Old English dyttan.
Pronunciation
Verb
dit (third-person singular simple present dits, present participle ditin, simple past ditt, past participle ditt)
- to close (especially of a door or mouth)
- to block or stop up (of an opening)
- to obstruct, especially from view
- to darken or dim (in the sense of obscuring light)
- of the sun: to sink or to be obscured by clouds
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish þit, from Old Norse þít, according to SAOB likely from þí + at. þí is in turn an old locative, possibly related to Gothic 𐌸𐌴𐌹 (þei), and more distantly to Ancient Greek τεῖ (teî) in τεῖδε (teîde, “thither”). Equivalent to ty + åt.
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Adverb
dit (not comparable)
- to there, thither, (often in practice, in translations) there
- Antonym: hit (“to here, hither”)
- Jag gick dit, så nu är jag där
- I went [to] there, so now I am there
- Jag gick där (for comparison)
- I was walking (around) there / I was walking at that location
- springa hit och dit
- run to here and to there / run hither and thither (indicating for example chaos or a lack of direction)
- (relative) to where, where (expresses movement to a place)
- staden dit de flyttade
- the city [to] where / to which they moved
- 1973, Landslaget (lyrics and music), “Tala om vart du ska resa [Tell me where you are traveling [to where you shall (are going to) travel]]”[1]:
- Ta mig dit där solen skiner, dit där himlen jämt är blå, dit där sjöarna är klara, dit jag alltid velat gå.
- Take me [to] where ["to where, where ..." – second "where" from "där"] the sun shines, [to] where [where] the sky is always blue, [to] where [where] the lakes are clear, [to] where I've always wanted ["have wanted" – "have" implied from supine] to go [walk].
See also
References
- dit in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- dit in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- dit in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
West Frisian
Determiner
dit
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