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  2. Wiktionary
  3. esz
esz
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: ész, -esz, and -ész

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Verb

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esz

  1. (transitive, rare without a verbal prefix) to eat
    Synonym: eszik
  2. (transitive, of rust, rot, or negative emotions) to corrode, to erode, to eat away, to eat into, to waste away, to wear away, to consume, to nibble away, to nag away (at someone) gradually
    Synonyms: emészt, felemészt, bánt, gyötör, kínoz, mar, mardos
    Látom, esz a méreg. ― I see you are seething with rage. (literally, “I see [the] rage is eroding you.”)
Conjugation
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conjugation of esz
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. eszem
(or eszek) 		eszel esz eszünk esztek esznek
Def. eszem eszed eszi esszük eszitek eszik
2nd-p. o. eszlek ―
Past Indef. ettem ettél evett (or ett) ettünk ettetek ettek
Def. ettem etted ette ettük ettétek ették
2nd-p. o. ettelek ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. enni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. evék / ők or
evém 		evél / ől eve, őn or
evék 		evénk / őnk evétek / őtök evének / őnek
Def. evém / őm evéd / őd evé evénk / őnk evétek / őtök evék / ők
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. esz vala, evett (or ett) vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. eendek or evendek
(or eendem or evendem) 		eendesz or evendesz eend or evend
(or eendik or evendik*) 		eendünk or evendünk eendetek or evendetek eendenek or evendenek
Def. eendem or evendem eended or evended eendi or evendi eendjük or evendjük eenditek or evenditek eendik or evendik
2nd-p. o. eendelek or evendelek ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ennék
(or enném) 		ennél enne
(or ennék*) 		ennénk ennétek ennének
Def. enném ennéd enné ennénk
(or ennők) 		ennétek ennék
2nd-p. o. ennélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. evett (or ett) volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. egyek or
egyem 		egyél egyen or
egyék 		együnk egyetek egyenek
Def. egyem edd or
egyed 		egye együk egyétek egyék
2nd-p. o. egyelek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. evett (or ett) légyen
Infinitive enni ennem enned ennie ennünk ennetek enniük
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
evés evő evett eendő or evendő éve (evén) etet
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of esz
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ehetek
(or ehetem) 		ehetsz
(or ehetel) 		ehet
(or ehetik) 		ehetünk ehettek ehetnek
Def. ehetem eheted eheti ehetjük ehetitek ehetik
2nd-p. o. ehetlek ―
Past Indef. ehettem ehettél ehetett ehettünk ehettetek ehettek
Def. ehettem ehetted ehette ehettük ehettétek ehették
2nd-p. o. ehettelek ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. eheték or
ehetém 		ehetél ehete or
eheték 		eheténk ehetétek ehetének
Def. ehetém {{{192}}} ehetéd eheté eheténk ehetétek
2nd-p. o. ehetélek ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ehet vala, ehetett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. ehetendek
or eendhetek
or evendhetek 		ehetendesz
or eendhetsz
or evendhetsz 		ehetend
or eendhet
or evendhet 		ehetendünk
or eendhetünk
or evendhetünk 		ehetendetek
or eendhettek
or evendhettek 		ehetendenek
or eendhetnek
or evendhetnek
Def. ehetendem
or eendhetem
or evendhetem 		ehetended
or eendheted
or evendheted 		ehetendi
or eendheti
or evendheti 		ehetendjük
or eendhetjük
or evendhetjük 		ehetenditek
or eendhetitek
or evendhetitek 		ehetendik
or eendhetik
or evendhetik
2nd-p. o. ehetendelek
or eendhetlek
or evendhetlek 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ehetnék
(or ehetném) 		ehetnél ehetne
(or ehetnék*) 		ehetnénk ehetnétek ehetnének
Def. ehetném ehetnéd ehetné ehetnénk
(or ehetnők) 		ehetnétek ehetnék
2nd-p. o. ehetnélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ehetett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ehessek
(or ehessem) 		ehess or
ehessél 		ehessen
(or ehessék) 		ehessünk ehessetek ehessenek
Def. ehessem ehesd or
ehessed 		ehesse ehessük ehessétek ehessék
2nd-p. o. ehesselek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ehetett légyen
Inf. (ehetni) (ehetnem) (ehetned) (ehetnie) (ehetnünk) (ehetnetek) (ehetniük)
Positive adjective ehető Neg. adj. ehetetlen Adv. part. (ehetve / ehetvén)
Derived terms
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(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

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Noun

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esz (plural eszek)

  2. (music) E-flat, E♭ (a tone one semitone lower than an E)
    Coordinate terms: cesz, desz, fesz, gesz, asz, b
Declension
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Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative esz eszek
accusative eszt eszeket
dative esznek eszeknek
instrumental esszel eszekkel
causal-final eszért eszekért
translative esszé eszekké
terminative eszig eszekig
essive-formal eszként eszekként
essive-modal — —
inessive eszben eszekben
superessive eszen eszeken
adessive esznél eszeknél
illative eszbe eszekbe
sublative eszre eszekre
allative eszhez eszekhez
elative eszből eszekből
delative eszről eszekről
ablative esztől eszektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		eszé eszeké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		eszéi eszekéi
Possessive forms of esz
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. eszem eszeim, eszjeim
2nd person sing. eszed eszeid, eszjeid
3rd person sing. esze, eszje eszei, eszjei
1st person plural eszünk eszeink, eszjeink
2nd person plural eszetek eszeitek, eszjeitek
3rd person plural eszük, eszjük eszeik, eszjeik
Derived terms
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Compound words

Further reading

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  • (to erode): (1): esz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (E-flat): (2): esz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • esz in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=esz&oldid=78774721"
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