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  2. Wiktionary
  3. mal-
mal-

mal-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Appendix:Variations of "mal"

English

Etymology

From Old French mal- from the Latin adverb male, from malus.

Prefix

mal-

  1. bad, badly
    Synonym: mis-
    1. evil
      malism, malinfluence
    2. unhealthy, harmful
      maleffect
    3. unpleasant
      malodor
    4. incorrect
      Synonyms: para-, dis-, dys-, mis-
      maldifferentiation
    5. incomplete, unfinished
      maldescent
    6. poorly, deficiently
      Synonyms: under-, hypo-, dys-
      malfed, malnourished, malcirculation
  2. unintentional, mistaken, accidental
    Synonym: mis-
    malcommunication
  3. not
    Synonyms: a-, an-, dys-, in-, non-, un-
    maladherence, malcontent

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with mal-

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

From mal.

Prefix

mal-

  1. poorly, badly

Derived terms

Catalan terms prefixed with mal-

Further reading

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from French mal- in its secondary sense of denoting the opposite.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mal/
  • Audio:(file)

Prefix

mal-

  1. denotes opposites
    ‎mal- + ‎alta (“high”) → ‎malalta (“low”)
    ‎mal- + ‎ami (“to love”) → ‎malami (“to hate”)
    ‎mal- + ‎dekstra (“right”) → ‎maldekstra (“left”)

Usage notes

  • Speakers of languages where words similar to mal- have meanings related to badness or evil should remember that mal- indicates solely the antonym, with no pejorative value. Affixes with pejorative connotations include mis- (“wrongly, incorrectly, poorly”), fi- (“shameful”), and -aĉ- (“inferior in quality, contemptible”).
  • Despite the availability of mal-, many words denoting opposites are available; for example malgranda and eta (“small”), or malgaja and trista (“sad”). Some of these are poetic or rare, but others have passed into more or less common use. Mal- may and often is still used to produce the opposite, though in certain cases it might have a slightly different connotation; e.g. malpaco (“turmoil, strife”) vs. milito (“war”).
  • When it is necessary to distinguish between the contrary of a sense and the absence of it, the latter may be indicated with ne- (“not”) or sen- (“without”). For example, malamiko (“enemy”) contrasts with neamiko "non-friend" (e.g. a stranger or acquaintance).
Esperanto terms prefixed with mal-

Derived terms

See also

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French mal-, from Old French mal-, from mal (“bad; badly”).

Pronunciation

Prefix

mal-

  1. badly; wrongly
    ‎mal- + ‎faisant → ‎malfaisant (“harmful”)
  2. denotes the opposite of the unprefixed form

Derived terms

French terms prefixed with mal-

Italian

Etymology

From Latin male (“badly”).

Prefix

mal-

  1. bad; badly

Derived terms

Italian terms prefixed with mal-

Maltese

Pronunciation

Preposition

mal-

  1. definite form of ma’ used before vowels or qamri consonants.
    mal-mara ― with the woman
    mal-idea ― with the idea

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin male (“badly”).

Prefix

mal-

  1. bad; badly

Synonyms

Derived terms

Old French terms prefixed with mal-

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin male (“badly”).

Prefix

mal-

  1. bad; badly
  2. poorly
  3. barely, hardly

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin male (“badly”).

Prefix

mal-

  1. bad; badly

Derived terms

Spanish terms prefixed with mal-
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