oni
English
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
oni (plural onis or oni)
- A Japanese evil spirit or demon.
- 1908, Henri L. Joly, Legend in Japanese Art: A Description of Historical Episodes, Legendary Characters, Folk-lore, Myths, Religious Symbolism, Illustrated in the Arts of Old Japan, pages 263–264:
- ONI 鬼. Generic name for devils, the representation of which in art is quite a common feature. Onis have claws, a square head with two horns, sharp teeth, and malignant eyes surmounted by big eyebrows; occasionally they wear trousers of tiger skin.
- 1918, William Elliot Griffis, Dutch Fairy Tales for Young Folks[1]:
- Across the ocean, in Japan, there once lived curious creatures called Onis. Every Japanese boy and girl has heard of them, though one has not often been caught.
- 2005, Christopher Hart, Manga Mania Shoujo: How to Draw the Charming and Romantic Characters of Japanese Comics, →ISBN, page 69:
- This is actually a boy bishie in the form of an ogre. It's called an oni in Japanese. Onis have supernatural powers that can command the forces of nature such as wind (to create hurricanes) and lightning (to create thunderbolts).
- 2011, Mike Shel, “Ecology of the Oni”, in Jade Regent: The Brinewall Legacy, Paizo Publishing, →ISBN, page 69:
- The oni are a diverse group of evil spirits who take on the form of humanoid creatures so that they can enjoy the pleasures and vices of the flesh.
Anagrams
Albanian
- Alternative form of ani
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Old Czech oni, from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
oni m anim pl
- they (third person personal masculine animate plural)
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
Pronoun
oni
Dupaningan Agta
Interjection
oni
Esperanto
Etymology
From French on, ultimately from Latin homō (“human being; man”). English one is not etymologically related to on, but its use as an indefinite personal pronoun was influenced by French. Doublet of homo.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
oni (accusative onin, possessive onia)
- (indefinite personal pronoun) one
- Oni povas vidi ĝin. ― One can see it.
- (indefinite pronoun, vague meaning) they (some people, people in general)
- Oni diras, ke Norvegio estas bonega loko por loĝi. ― They say Norway is a great place to live.
Usage notes
- Comparable to the use of generic "you" in English (e.g. In America, you can do what you want).
- A sentence whose subject is "oni" can often be translated as an English sentence in the passive voice, for example: "Oni ofte referencas al Kimrio kiel la 'lando de la kanto.'" can be translated as "Wales is often referred to as the 'land of song.'"
- Although the accusative onin and the possessive onia are possible, they are far less frequent than oni itself. Correlatives such as iun (“someone (accusative)”) or ies (“someone's”) are often more natural in contexts where onin or onia might make sense: "one's mother tongue" will usually be rendered ies gepatra lingvo rather than onia gepatra lingvo, though the latter would still be correct. Note that where the subject of a clause is oni, anything that oni possesses in that clause will take the reflexive possessive sia, not onia: Oni plej nature pensas en sia gepatra lingvo (one thinks most naturally in one's mother tongue).
Descendants
- → Ido: onu
See also
- unu (“one”)
Guinau
Noun
oni
References
- Alfred Russel Wallace, A Narrative of Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro
- Proceedings [of the] Philological Society, London, Volume 3
Japanese
Romanization
oni
Lindu
Noun
oni
Old Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
oni m pl (third person)
- they (masculine plural)
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | on | ona | ono |
Genitive | jeho, (j)ho, ň(e)ho | jie, nie | jeho, (j)ho, ň(e)ho |
Dative | jemu, (j)mu, ňemu | jí, jiej, ní, niej | jemu, (j)mu, ňemu |
Accusative | jej, jen, ji, jeho, (j)ho -ň, ňej, ňen, ni, ň(e)ho |
ju, ňu | je, ňe + later masculine |
Locative | ňem | ní, niej | ňem |
Instrumental | jím, ním | jú, ňú | jím, ním |
Possessive | jeho | (je)jie, jejílater | jeho |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | ona | oně | |
Genitive | jú, ňú | ||
Dative | jima, nima | ||
Accusative | jě, ně | ji, ni | |
Locative | ňú | ||
Instrumental | jima, nima | ||
Possessive | (je)jú | ||
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | oni | ony | ona |
Genitive | jich, nich | ||
Dative | jim, nim | ||
Accusative | jě, ně | ||
Locative | nich | ||
Instrumental | jimi, nimi | ||
Possessive | (je)jich |
Descendants
- Czech: oni
Pronoun
oni
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Polish oni. The oblique case forms come from Proto-Slavic *ji.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
oni vir
- they (third-person masculine personal nominative)
Declension
See also
Further reading
- oni in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
òni (Cyrillic spelling о̀ни)
- they (nominative plural of ȏn (“he”))
Declension
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
nominative | ȏn | òna | òno | òni | òne | òna |
genitive | njȅga, ga | njȇ, je | njȅga, ga | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
dative | njȅmu, mu | njȏj, joj | njȅmu, mu | njȉma, im | njȉma, im | njȉma, im |
accusative | njȅga, ga, nj | njȗ, ju, je | njȅga, ga, nj | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
locative | njȅm, njȅmu | njȏj | njȅm, njȅmu | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
instrumental | njȋm, njíme | njȏm, njóme | njȋm, njíme | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
Slovak
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oni, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ónos.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
oni
- masculine animate nominative plural of on (“they”)
Declension
Related terms
Further reading
- “oni”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *oni.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
óni
- they (masculine plural, more than two)
Inflection
Forms between parentheses indicate clitic forms; the main forms are used for emphasis.
singular | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | òn | ôna | ôno |
accusative | njêga (ga, -nj) | njó (jo, -njo) | njêga (ga, -nj) |
genitive | njêga (ga) | njé (je) | njêga (ga) |
dative | njêmu (mu) | njéj, njèj, njì (ji) | njêmu (mu) |
locative | njêm | njéj, njèj, njì | njêm |
instrumental | njím | njó | njím |
possessive | njegôv, njegòv | njén | njegôv, njegòv |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | ônadva | ônidve, onédve | ônidve, onédve |
accusative | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural | njíju (ju, -nju) or plural |
genitive | njíju (ju) or plural | njíju (ju) or plural | njíju (ju) or plural |
dative | njíma (jima) | njíma (jima) | njíma (jima) |
locative | njíju or plural | njíju or plural | njíju or plural |
instrumental | njíma | njíma | njíma |
possessive | njún | njún | njún |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | ôni | ône | ôna |
accusative | njìh (jih, -nje) | njìh (jih, -nje) | njìh (jih, -nje) |
genitive | njìh (jih) | njìh (jih) | njìh (jih) |
dative | njìm (jim) | njìm (jim) | njìm (jim) |
locative | njìh | njìh | njìh |
instrumental | njími | njími | njími |
possessive | njíhov | njíhov | njíhov |
See also
singular | dual | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | m | jaz | midva | mi | |
f or n | medve, midve | me | |||
2nd person | familiar tikanje |
m | ti | vidva | vi |
f or n | vedve, vidve | ve | |||
3rd person | m | on | onadva | oni | |
f | ona | onedve, onidve | one | ||
n | ono | onedve, onidve | ona | ||
Polite forms (not differentiated in dual and plural) | singular | ||||
polite vikanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 2rd person plural masculine |
vi, Vi | ||||
very polite onikanje – instead of 2nd or 3rd person, binds with forms for 3rd person plural masculine (archaic) |
oni | ||||
hyper polite onokanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular neuter (obsolete) |
ono | ||||
patriarchal onkanje – instead of 2nd person, binds with forms for 3rd person singular masculine (obsolete) |
on |
Sranan Tongo
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
oni
- honey
- honey bee, Apis mellifera
- Synonym: onifrei
- stingless bee
- Synonym: onifrei
Volapük
Pronoun
oni
- accusative singular of on
- 1937, “Nuns”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 47:
- Utans, kels vilons kopiedön lisedi at, kanons loenön oni de redakan balid Vpagaseda at.
- Those who wish to make a copy of this list may borrow it from the first editor of this journal.
Welsh
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Conjunction
oni (triggers mixed mutation except of forms of bod)
- unless
- oni lwydda ― unless he succeeds
- Oni bai fe yma, bydden ni wedi gwybod.
- Unless he were here, we would have known.
- until
- oni ddaw fe ― until he comes
Synonyms
Particle
oni (triggers mixed mutation)
- used to introduce a negative question
- Oni fuom yn proffwydo yn dy enw di?
- Did we not prophesy in thy name?
- (colloquial) used to form a tag question
- Byddwch chi yma, oni fyddwch chi?
- You'll be there, won't you?
Yoruba
Alternative forms
- èní (Lagos)
Etymology
Cognate with Olukumi òní, Ifè òní, and likely cognate with Igala èñíni.
Pronunciation
Noun
òní
- today
- Òní ni ọjọ́-ìbí mi.
- Today is my birthday.
Synonyms
Yoruba Varieties and Languages - òní (“today”) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
view map; edit data | ||||
Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Location | Words |
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìdànrè | Ìdànrè | èní |
Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | èní | ||
Ìkòròdú | èní | |||
Ṣágámù | èní | |||
Ẹ̀pẹ́ | èní | |||
Ìkálẹ̀ | Òkìtìpupa | èní | ||
Ìlàjẹ | Mahin | èní | ||
Oǹdó | Oǹdó | èní | ||
Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ònùwé | ||
Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | òní | ||
Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | òní |
Àkúrẹ́ | òní | |||
Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | òní | |||
Òkè Igbó | Òkè Igbó | òní | ||
Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | èní | |
Èkó | Èkó | èní | ||
Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | òní | ||
Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | òní | ||
Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo | òní | ||
Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | òní | ||
Oǹkó | Ìtẹ̀síwájú LGA | òní | ||
Ìwàjówà LGA | òní | |||
Kájọlà LGA | òní | |||
Ìsẹ́yìn LGA | òní | |||
Ṣakí West LGA | òní | |||
Atisbo LGA | òní | |||
Ọlọ́runṣògo LGA | òní | |||
Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | òní | ||
Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | òní | ||
Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | òní | |||
Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Kabba | ònì | |
Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | òní | |
Tchaourou | òní | |||
Ìdàácà | Igbó Ìdàácà | òní | ||
Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | òní, nɔ́mbɛ́ | ||
Atakpamé | òní, nɔ́mbɛ́ | |||
Tchetti | òní, nɔ́mbɛ́ |
Coordinate terms
Dates relative to today in Yoruba (layout · text) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
–3 | –2 | –1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | |
direct speech | three days ago | two days ago | yesterday | today | tomorrow | in two days | in three days |
ìjẹrin | ìjẹta | àná | òní, èní | ọ̀la | ọ̀túnla | ọjọ́ mẹ́rin òní | |
reported speech | three days before, three days earlier | two days before, two days earlier | the day before | on that day | the next day | two days later | three days later |
ọjọ́ mẹ́ta sẹ́yìn | ọjọ́ méjì sẹ́yìn | ọjọ́ kan sẹ́yìn | ọjọ́ yìí | ọjọ́ tó ń bọ̀, ọjọ́ kejì | ọjọ́ méjì lẹ́yìn, ọjọ́ kẹta | ọjọ́ mẹ́ta lẹ́yìn, ọjọ́ kẹrin |
Derived terms
- lónìí (“today”)
- lóòní (“today”)
- àtànámónìí (“combination of today and yesterday”)
- òde-òní (“modern, contemporary time”)
- Òní (“a child who cries non-stop until its naming ceremony”)
References
- Awoyale, Yiwola (2008 December 19) Global Yoruba Lexical Database v. 1.0[3], volume LDC2008L03, Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium, , →ISBN
- Salem Ǒchála È̩jè̩bá (2016) A Grammar of Ígálâ, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria: The Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN), M & J Grand Orbit Communications Ltd., →ISBN
- SIL International (2016) Dictionnaire Ifè[4] (in French)
- English terms borrowed from Japanese
- English terms derived from Japanese
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/iː
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with quotations
- en:Mythological creatures
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio links
- Czech lemmas
- Czech pronouns
- Czech personal pronouns
- Czech masculine animate pronouns
- Czech non-lemma forms
- Czech pronoun forms
- Dupaningan Agta lemmas
- Dupaningan Agta interjections
- Esperanto terms derived from French
- Esperanto terms derived from Latin
- Esperanto doublets
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Esperanto/oni
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto pronouns
- Esperanto terms with usage examples
- Esperanto BRO1
- Guinau lemmas
- Guinau nouns
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Lindu lemmas
- Lindu nouns
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Czech lemmas
- Old Czech pronouns
- Old Czech non-lemma forms
- Old Czech pronoun forms
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɲi
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɲi/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish pronouns
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian pronouns
- Serbo-Croatian personal pronouns
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak non-lemma forms
- Slovak pronoun forms
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene 2-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene pronouns
- Slovene personal pronouns
- Sranan Tongo terms derived from English
- Sranan Tongo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sranan Tongo lemmas
- Sranan Tongo nouns
- srn:Condiments
- Volapük non-lemma forms
- Volapük pronoun forms
- Volapük terms with quotations
- Welsh compound terms
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh conjunctions
- Welsh terms with usage examples
- Welsh particles
- Welsh colloquialisms
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba nouns
- Yoruba terms with usage examples
- Yoruba terms with quotations
- yo:Time
- yo:Present