restreindre
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French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French rétraindre, from Old French restreindre, restraindre, borrowed from Latin restringere, and adapted in conjugation to étreindre (Old French estreindre).
Pronunciation
Verb
restreindre
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of restreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | restreindre | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | restreignant /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | restreint /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ |
restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ |
restreint /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ |
restreignons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
restreignez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/ |
restreignent /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ |
imperfect | restreignais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
restreignais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
restreignait /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ |
restreignions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
restreigniez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/ |
restreignaient /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | |
past historic2 | restreignis /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ |
restreignis /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ |
restreignit /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ |
restreignîmes /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲim/ |
restreignîtes /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲit/ |
restreignirent /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲiʁ/ | |
future | restreindrai /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
restreindras /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
restreindra /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ |
restreindrons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
restreindrez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ |
restreindront /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | restreindrais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
restreindrais /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
restreindrait /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
restreindrions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
restreindriez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
restreindraient /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | restreigne /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ |
restreignes /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ |
restreigne /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ |
restreignions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ |
restreigniez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/ |
restreignent /ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ |
imperfect2 | restreignisse /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/ |
restreignisses /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/ |
restreignît /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ |
restreignissions /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
restreignissiez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sje/ |
restreignissent /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | restreins /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ |
— | restreignons /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ |
restreignez /ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “restreindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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