tsar
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.[1] Doublet of kaiser and Caesar. The spelling tsar began to replace the older czar in the nineteenth century. Compare Byzantine Greek Τζαῖσαρ (Tzaîsar).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /(t)sɑː/, /zɑː/
- (US) IPA(key): /(t)sɑɹ/, /zɑɹ/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /zɐː/, /tsɐː/
Audio (US): (file) Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
- Homophone: Saar
Noun
tsar (plural tsars)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Mikola_II.jpg/220px-Mikola_II.jpg)
- (historical) An emperor of Russia (1547 to 1917) and of some South Slavic states.
- 1832 August 1, W. Barnes, “On the Origin of Language”, in Gentleman's Magazine[1], London, page 129:
- and why, in the name of common sense, should the English call the Czar (tsar) of Russia raze?
- (figuratively) A person with great power; an autocrat.
- 1969 March 14 [1969 March 13], “Report from Border Areas”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts[2], number 50, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →OCLC, page A 6[3]:
- Chin Chien-shih, an old poor peasant of Korean nationality, said: "The wolfish ambition of the new tsars is exactly the same as that of the old tsars. The Soviet revisionist renegade clique is struggling desperately in the hope of saving itself from doom, but this will only bring on its destruction more quickly."
Usage notes
- (emperor of Russia): Officially, emperors after 1721 were styled imperator (импера́тор (imperátor)) rather than tsar (царь (carʹ)), but the latter term is still commonly applied to them.
- The term sometimes refers to other emperors, besides those of Russia, e.g. the monarch of Bulgaria (1908-1946).
- The spelling czar is predominant in figurative and informal senses. Scholarly literature prefers tsar.
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Translations
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References
- ^ Funk, W. J., Word origins and their romantic stories, New York, Wilfred Funk, Inc.
Anagrams
- tars, sart, ARTS, arts., 'rats, tars-, ARTs, rats, Sart, srat, Srta., star, RATs, RAST, Arts, stra., Srta, arts, astr-, TSRA, RTAs, Star, TRAs
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of Cèsar.
Pronunciation
Noun
tsar m (plural tsars, feminine tsarina)
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “tsar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet of César.
Pronunciation
Noun
tsar m (plural tsars)
- czar (Russian nobility)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Persian: تزار (tezâr)
Further reading
- “tsar”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Galician
Noun
tsar m (plural tsares)
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Russian царь (carʹ), from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar), from Latin Caesar.
Noun
tsar m (definite singular tsaren, indefinite plural tsarer, definite plural tsarene)
References
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Russian царь (carʹ), from Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar), from Latin Caesar.
Noun
tsar m (definite singular tsaren, indefinite plural tsarar, definite plural tsarane)
References
- “tsar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Noun
tsar m (plural tsares, feminine tsarina, feminine plural tsarinas)
- Alternative form of czar
Swedish
Etymology
From Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.
Pronunciation
Noun
tsar c
Declension
Declension of tsar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | tsar | tsaren | tsarer | tsarerna |
Genitive | tsars | tsarens | tsarers | tsarernas |
Related terms
Further reading
Anagrams
Tocharian A
Etymology
From Proto-Tocharian *ṣar, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰésōr, from *ǵʰes-. Cognate with Albanian dorë, Ancient Greek χείρ (kheír), Old Armenian ձեռն (jeṙn), Hittite [script needed] (kessar). Compare Tocharian B ṣar.
Noun
tsar m
- English terms borrowed from Russian
- English terms derived from Russian
- English terms derived from Old East Slavic
- English terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- English terms derived from Germanic languages
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English terms with historical senses
- English terms with quotations
- English eponyms
- English terms with initial /t͡s/
- en:Bulgaria
- en:Heads of state
- en:Monarchy
- en:People
- en:Russia
- English male equivalent nouns
- Catalan terms borrowed from Russian
- Catalan terms derived from Russian
- Catalan terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Catalan terms derived from Germanic languages
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan doublets
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Heads of state
- ca:Monarchy
- French terms derived from Russian
- French terms derived from Old East Slavic
- French terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- French terms derived from Germanic languages
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms derived from Latin
- French doublets
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Heads of state
- fr:Monarchy
- fr:Russia
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Russian
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Gothic
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- nb:Heads of state
- nb:Monarchy
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Russian
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Gothic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- nn:Heads of state
- nn:Monarchy
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Swedish terms derived from Russian
- Swedish terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Swedish terms derived from Germanic languages
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Latin
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Heads of state
- sv:Monarchy
- Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian A terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-
- Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian A lemmas
- Tocharian A nouns
- Tocharian A masculine nouns
- xto:Anatomy