Ōnishiki Uichirō

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Ōnishiki Uichirō - Wikipedia

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Ōnishiki Uichirō
大錦卯一郎
Ōnishiki, circa 1917
Personal information
Born	Hosokawa Uichirō (1891-11-25)25 November 1891 Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan
Died	13 May 1941(1941-05-13) (aged 49)
Height	1.75 m (5 ft 9 in)
Weight	139 kg (306 lb)
Career
Stable	Dewanoumi
Record	119-16-32-3draws (Makuuchi)
Debut	January 1910
Highest rank	Yokozuna (May, 1917)
Retired	January 1923
Championships	5 (Makuuchi) 1 (Jūryō) 1 (Jonidan)
* Up to date as of September 2007.

Ōnishiki Uichirō (Japanese: 大錦卯一郎, 25 November 1891 – 13 May 1941) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler. He was the sport's 26th yokozuna. On 2 November 1922, he became the first yokozuna to perform the yokozuna dohyō-iri at the Meiji Shrine.^[1]

Biography

He was born Hosokawa Uichirō (細川卯一郎), in Osaka on 25 November 1891.

Ōnishiki trained under former yokozuna Hitachiyama Taniemon, joining his Dewanoumi stable.^[2] He was promoted to the top makuuchi division in January 1915. After finishing the May 1915 tournament with a 9–1 record at the komusubi rank, he was promoted to ōzeki. He won his first yūshō or championship with a perfect 10–0 record in the January 1917 tournament and was promoted to yokozuna. He reached the top yokozuna rank after only five tournaments, which is the all-time record.

He lost only 16 bouts in his entire career. He won five top division tournament championships and was runner-up in four others. He was very smart in comparison with most sumo wrestlers of his era, and so he was very strong and recorded the high winning percentage of 88.1. He also recorded only three draws.

However, his career suddenly ended. In January 1923, sumo wrestlers went on strike against the Tokyo Sumo Association. The walkout is called the Mikawajima Incident (三河島事件, Mikawajima-Jiken). Ōnishiki attempted to mediate, but failed.^[3] After police intervention, the striking wrestlers achieved their demands of better retirement pay. Because he felt responsibility for the incident, Ōnishiki retired from being an active sumo wrestler and left the sumo world. He was critical about tradition in the sumo world.

After his retirement, he entered Waseda University. After the graduation, he worked at the Hochi Shimbun as a sumo essayist. He died on 13 May 1941.

Top Division Record

Onishiki^[4]
-	Spring	Summer
1915	East Maegashira #12 8–1–1	East Komusubi 9–1
1916	East Ōzeki 8–2	East Ōzeki 7–3
1917	West Ōzeki 10–0	West Yokozuna 9–1
1918	East Yokozuna 8–1–1	Sat out
1919	East Yokozuna 8–2	East Yokozuna 8–2
1920	East Yokozuna 8–1 1d	West Yokozuna 9–1
1921	West Yokozuna 10–0	East Yokozuna 9–0 1d
1922	Sat out	West Yokozuna #1 8–1 1d
1923	East Yokozuna Retired 0–0	x
Record given as win-loss-absent Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions Key:d=Draw(s) (引分); h=Hold(s) (預り) Divisions: Makuuchi — Jūryō — Makushita — Sandanme — Jonidan — Jonokuchi Makuuchi ranks: Yokozuna — Ōzeki — Sekiwake — Komusubi — Maegashira

References

^ 手数入り（横綱土俵入り）いつから始まったのですか？ (in Japanese). Meiji Shrine. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
^ Journal of Combative Sport: Sumo by Title
^ Newton, Clyde (1994). Dynamic Sumo. Kodansha. p. 58. ISBN 4-7700-1802-9.
^ "Onishiki Uichiro". Sumo Reference. Retrieved 2007-10-10.

Preceded by Nishinoumi Kajirō II	26th Yokozuna 1917–1923	Succeeded by Tochigiyama Moriya
Yokozuna is not a successive rank, and more than one wrestler can hold the title at once

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