Alexandrium tamarense

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Alexandrium tamarense
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	SAR
Clade:	Alveolata
Phylum:	Myzozoa
Superclass:	Dinoflagellata
Class:	Dinophyceae
Order:	Gonyaulacales
Family:	Ostreopsidaceae
Genus:	Alexandrium
Species:	A. tamarense
Binomial name
*Alexandrium tamarense* (Lebour) Balech

Alexandrium tamarense is a species of dinoflagellates known to produce saxitoxin, a neurotoxin which causes the human illness clinically known as paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Multiple species of phytoplankton are known to produce saxitoxin, including at least 10 other species from the genus Alexandrium.

Recent molecular work shows that this species belongs to the Alexandrium tamarense complex (Atama complex, including A. tamarense, Alexandrium fundyense, Alexandrium catenella) and that none of the three original morphospecies designations forms monophyletic groups in the present SSU-based and previous LSU-based^[1] phylogenetic trees, i.e. these species designations are invalid.^[2] There is docosahexaenoic acid along with saxitoxin.

References

^ Lilly, E. L.; Halanych, K. M.; Anderson, D. M. (2007). "Species boundaries and global biogeography of theAlexandrium tamarensecomplex (Dinophyceae)1". Journal of Phycology. 43 (6): 1329–1338. Bibcode:2007JPcgy..43.1329L. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00420.x. S2CID 44175103.
^ Miranda, L. N.; Zhuang, Y.; Zhang, H.; Lin, S. (2012). "Phylogenetic analysis guided by intragenomic SSU rDNA polymorphism refines classification of "Alexandrium tamarense" species complex". Harmful Algae. 16: 35–48. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2012.01.002.

Liang, Zhongxiu; Li, Jian; Li, Jitao; Tan, Zhijun; Ren, Hai; Zhao, Fazhen (July 8, 2014). "Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Hepatopancreas of Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis)". Ocean University of China. 13 (6): 1005–1011. Bibcode:2014JOUC...13.1005L. doi:10.1007/s11802-014-2397-8. S2CID 73715153.
Lu, Yameng; Wohlrab, Sylke; Gloeckner, Gernot; Guillou, Laure; Uwe, John (November 2014). "Genomic Insights into Processes Driving the Infection of Alexandrium tamarense by the Parasitoid Amoebophrya sp". Eukaryotic Cell. 13 (11): 1439–1449. doi:10.1128/EC.00139-14. PMC 4248694. PMID 25239978.
Zou, Cheng; Ye, Rui-Min; Zheng, Jian-Wei; Luo, Zhao-He; Gu, Hai-Feng; Yang, Wei-Dong; Li, Hong-Ye; Liu, Jie-Sheng (15 December 2014). "Molecular phylogeny and PSP toxin profile of the Alexandrium tamarense species complex along the coast of China". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 89 (1–2): 209–219. Bibcode:2014MarPB..89..209Z. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.056. PMID 25444620.

Taxon identifiers
Alexandrium tamarense	Wikidata: Q2834271 AlgaeBase: 40299 EoL: 910083 EUNIS: 29714 GBIF: 7632200 IRMNG: 11127608 ISC: 112110 ITIS: 573512 NBN: NHMSYS0021057758 NCBI: 2926 NZOR: 2b6a41ac-3427-47b6-9176-a7145d702bae Observation.org: 191851 OBIS: 109714 Open Tree of Life: 643105 SeaLifeBase: 110989 WoRMS: 109714

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