| Anguillavus Temporal range:
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|---|---|
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| Specimens of A. mazeni at the MIM Museum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Anguilliformes |
| Family: | †Anguillavidae Hay, 1903 |
| Genus: | †Anguillavus Hay, 1903 |
| Type species | |
| Anguillavus quadripinnis Hay, 1903
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| Species | |
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Anguillavus (Latin for "eel ancestor") is an extinct genus of basal marine eel that lived during the Late Cretaceous (upper Cenomanian) of Lebanon, where it is known from the Sannine Formation.[1]
It is the only known member of the family Anguillavidae. Its primitive nature compared to extant eels is indicated by it still retaining its pelvic fins, which have been lost in modern eels. As with modern eels, it lacked scales, but appears to have had a row of enlarged plates along its sides.[2][3]
It has two species:[4]
- A. mazeni Belouze et al. 2003
- A. quadripinnis Hay, 1903
The species A. bathshebae (named after Bathsheba), also described by Hay (1903), was synonymized with A. quadripinnis in 2003.[5]
In 1920, another fossil ray-finned fish from Cenomanian-aged marine strata in Kansas was initially also considered an eel like Anguillavus, and was described as Anguillavus hackberryensis Martin, 1922. In 1981, the holotype of "A." hackberryensis was reexamined, and found to not group with the rest of the genus, but rather be a dercetid aulopiform fish.[2] Robins (1989) went as far as classifying Anguillavus as a whole as not an eel. However, later studies have firmly refuted this, and have consistently recovered Anguillavus as a stem-eel.[6][7]
References
- ^ a b Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363: 1–560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
- ^ a b Wiley, E. O.; Stewart, J. D. (1981). "Urenchelys abditus, new species, the first undoubted eel (Teleostei: Anguilliformes) from the Cretaceous of North America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 1 (1): 43–47. doi:10.1080/02724634.1981.10011877. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ Hay, Oliver Perry (1903). On Certain Genera and Species of North American Cretaceous Actinopterous Fishes. order of the Trustees, American Museum of Natural History.
- ^ "PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
- ^ Belouze, A.; Gayet, M.; Atallah, C. (2003-01-01). "Les premiers Anguilliformes : I. Révision des genres cénomaniens Anguillavus HAY, 1903 et Luenchelys nov. gen". Géobios. 36 (3): 241–273. Bibcode:2003Geobi..36..241B. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(03)00029-9.
- ^ Johnson, G. David; Ida, Hitoshi; Sakaue, Jiro; Sado, Tetsuya; Asahida, Takashi; Miya, Masaki (2012-03-07). "A 'living fossil' eel (Anguilliformes: Protanguillidae, fam. nov.) from an undersea cave in Palau". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1730): 934–943. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1289. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3259923. PMID 21849321.
- ^ Pfaff, Cathrin; Zorzin, Roberto; Kriwet, Jürgen (2016-08-11). "Evolution of the locomotory system in eels (Teleostei: Elopomorpha)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 16 (1): 159. doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0728-7. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 4981956. PMID 27514517.
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