Anti-submarine net

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Anti-submarine net - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Antisubmarine net)

An anti-submarine net or anti-submarine boom is a boom placed across the mouth of a harbour or a strait for protection against submarines. Net laying ships would be used to place and remove the nets. The US Navy used anti-submarine nets in the Pacific War to protect major US Naval Advance Bases. Some net cutter submarines were used in the war.^[1]^[2]^[3]

History

Submarine nets were first used shortly after the first use of submarines in warfare, during World War I. Because they were a reaction during the war, there was not time to study the best construction methods, or the nets' overall efficacy. But this was also a benefit, because the enemy did not know how effective submarine nets were either. Testing done after the war showed that the nets used during WWI had not been effective, and yet they had acted as an effective deterrent during the war since their weaknesses were not known.

A submarine net is very similar in principle to a boom. While a boom blocks a waterway for surface ships, a submarine net does the same below water. They suffer similar weaknesses. Small ships and submarines will tend to try to slip through gaps. Large vessels are capable of ramming through, even if they are hesitant to do so. The most effective way to prevent ramming is to yield slowly rather than be rigid. By gradually slowing a vessel to a stop the effectiveness of a barrier is greatly increased.

The most extensive use of anti-submarine nets during WWI was the Dover Barrage, spanning the English Channel. It was largely effective as a deterrent. There were limited examples of it succeeding and failing. One U-boat was caught in the net, but there were also reports of submarines bypassing the net, on the surface at night, or underwater by slipping through gaps. From war logs there was one example of U-32 getting tangled in the Dover nets. The boat laid on the bottom until night, then surfaced and freed herself and continued on.^[4]

Indeed, a net alone is not effective. It must be supported to be useful, generally by surface ships with depth charges.^{[citation needed]}

Scapa Flow is a large natural harbor in Scotland. It was used in WWI and WWII by the Royal Navy, and secured with submarine nets. In 1918 SM UB-116 successfully bypassed the nets, though was subsequently sunk by a mine.^[5]

Examples of anti-submarine nets

References

^ "Net and Boom Defenses". maritime.org.
^ "Notes on Anti-submarine Defenses ONI Publication No. 8". NHHC.
^ Nets and boomsmaritime.org
^ "Net and Boom Defenses". maritime.org.
^ "Net and Boom Defenses". maritime.org.

External links

Media related to Anti-submarine nets at Wikimedia Commons

Aloe-class net laying ships

Other operators
Ecuadorian Navy	Orion (ex-Mulberry)
French Navy	Locuste (ex-Locust) Araignée (ex-Hackberry) Libellule (ex-Rosewood) Luciole (ex-Sandalwood) Tarentule (ex-Pepperwood) Scorpion (ex-Yew)
Turkish Navy	AG-4 (ex-Larch)

Followed by: Cohoes-class

List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy

v t e Ailanthus-class net laying ships
United States Navy	Ailanthus Bitterbush Anaqua Baretta Cliffrose Satinleaf Corkwood Cornel Mastic Canotia Lancewood Papaya Cinnamon Silverbell Snowbell Spicewood Manchineel Torchwood Winterberry Viburnum Abele Terebinth Catclaw Chinaberry Hoptree Whitewood Palo Blanco Paloverde Pinon Shellbark Silverleaf Stagbush Allthorn Tesota Yaupon Precept Boxelder Prefect Satinwood Seagrape
Royal Navy	Precept Precise Prefect Pretext Preventer
List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy

Cohoes-class net laying ships

Other operators
Bolivarian Navy of Venezuela	Puerto Santo (ex-Marietta) Puerto Nutrias (ex-Tunxis) Puerto Miranda (ex-Waxsaw)
Dominican Navy	Separación (ex-Passaconaway) Calderas (ex-Passaic) Cambiaso (ex-Etlah)
National Navy of Uruguay	Huracan (ex-Nahant)
US Bureau of Mines	Grass Valley (ex-Suncook)
US Department of the Interior	Hafa Adai (ex-Shakamaxon)

Preceded by: Aloe-class

List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy

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History

Examples of anti-submarine nets

See also

References

External links