The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the final military encounter of the American Civil War, the 1865 Appomattox campaign, which lasted from March 29 to April 9 and resulted in Confederate surrender on April 9 at the Appomattox Court House. Order of battle has been compiled from the army organization during the campaign.[1][2] The Union order of battle is listed separately.
Abbreviations used
Military rank
- Gen = General
- LTG = Lieutenant General
- MG = Major General
- BG = Brigadier General
- Col = Colonel
- Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel
- Maj = Major
- Cpt = Captain
- Lt = Lieutenant
- Sgt = Sergeant
Other
- (w) = wounded
- (mw) = mortally wounded
- (k) = killed in action
- (c) = captured
Army of Northern Virginia
Gen Robert E. Lee, Commanding
Staff:
- Chief of staff: Ltc Walter H. Taylor
- Assistant adjutants general: Col Charles S. Venable, Col Charles Marshall
- Assistant Inspector General: Maj Giles B. Cooke
- Chief of artillery: BG William N. Pendleton
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Headquarters units |
Escort |
|
Provost Guard
|
| |
Engineers
|
|
First Corps
LTG James Longstreet
Staff:
- Corps medical director: Surgeon John Cullen
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Pickett's Division |
Steuart's Brigade |
|
Corse's Brigade
|
| |
Hunton's Brigade
|
| |
Terry's Brigade
|
| |
Field's Division |
Perry's Brigade |
|
Anderson's Brigade |
| |
Benning's Brigade |
| |
Gregg's Brigade
|
| |
Bratton's Brigade
|
| |
Kershaw's Division[3]
|
DuBose's Brigade
|
|
Humphrey's Brigade
|
| |
Simms' Brigade
|
| |
Artillery |
Cabell's Battalion[4]
|
|
Huger's Battalion
|
| |
Haskell's Battalion
|
|
Second Corps
MG John B. Gordon
Staff:
- Assistant adjutant general: Maj Robert W. Hunter
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Formerly Ramseur's Division
|
Battle's Brigade
|
|
Grimes' Brigade
|
| |
Cox's Brigade |
| |
Cook's Brigade
|
| |
Archer's Battalion[5]
|
| |
Formerly J. Pegram's Division |
R.D. Johnston's Brigade
|
|
Lewis' Brigade
|
| |
Walker's Brigade
|
| |
Gordon's Division |
Evans' Brigade
|
|
Terry's Brigade
|
| |
York's Brigade
|
| |
Artillery |
Nelson's Battalion[4]
|
|
Braxton's Battalion |
| |
Cutshaw's Battalion
|
| |
Hardaway's Battalion |
| |
Johnson's Battalion
|
| |
Lightfoot's Battalion
|
| |
Stark's Battalion
|
|
Third Corps
LTG A. P. Hill (k, April 2)[6]
Provost Guard
- 5th Alabama Battalion: Cpt Wade Ritter
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Mahone's Division |
Forney's Brigade |
|
Weisiger's Brigade |
| |
Harris' Brigade |
| |
Sorrel's Brigade |
| |
Finegan's Brigade
|
| |
Heth's Division
|
Davis' Brigade |
|
Cooke's Brigade |
| |
MacRae's Brigade |
| |
McComb's Brigade |
| |
Wilcox's Division |
Thomas' Brigade |
|
Lane's Brigade |
| |
McGowan's Brigade |
| |
Scales' Brigade
|
| |
Artillery |
McIntosh's Battalion
|
|
Pegram's Battalion
|
| |
Poague's Battalion |
| |
Thirteenth Virginia Battalion
|
| |
Richardson's Battalion
|
| |
Lane's Battalion[4]
|
| |
Washington Artillery
|
|
Fourth Corps
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Johnson's Division |
Wallace's Brigade |
|
Moody's Brigade
|
| |
Wise's Brigade |
| |
Ransom's Brigade |
| |
Artillery
|
Coit's Battalion
|
|
Blount's Battalion
|
| |
Stribling's Battalion |
| |
Smith's Battalion
|
| |
Sturdivant's Battalion[4]
|
|
Cavalry Corps
MG Fitzhugh Lee
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
Fitzhugh Lee's Division |
Munford's Brigade |
|
Payne's Brigade
|
| |
Gary's Brigade |
| |
W. H. F. Lee's Division |
Barringer's Brigade
|
|
Beale's Brigade
|
||
Robert's Brigade |
| |
Rosser's Division |
Dearing's Brigade
|
|
McCausland's Brigade | ||
Horse Artillery
|
Breathed's Battalion
|
|
Chew's Battalion |
|
Department of Richmond
LTG Richard S. Ewell (c, April 6)
Ltc Thomas J. Spencer
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
G. W. C. Lee's Division
|
Barton's Brigade
|
|
Moore's Brigade |
| |
Artillery Brigade
|
| |
Other units |
Drewry's Bluff garrison
|
|
Naval Brigade
|
| |
Unattached units |
|
Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia
Division | Brigade | Regiments and others |
---|---|---|
First Military District |
Petersburg
|
|
Unattached units |
|
Notes
- ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XLVI, Part 1, pages 1267-1276
- ^ Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the campaign.
- ^ During the retreat Kershaw's and G. W. C. Lee's divisions, with other troops from the defenses of Richmond, were commanded by Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell.
- ^ a b c d This artillery battalion were shown on the Army of Northern Virginia returns for March 31, but do not enumerated on the Appomattox paroles.
- ^ Temporarily attached during the retreat.
- ^ The Corps was attached to the First Corps on April 2, after the death of General Hill.
- ^ Marvel, p. 226.
- ^ Relieved of command, April 8. Johnson's Division was reassigned to the Second Corps on April 8.
- ^ Relieved of command, April 8.
- ^ by Pvt. David D. White, 37th Massachusetts Infantry or Pvt. Harris Hawthorn, 121st New York Infantry
- ^ Apparently did not accompany his command on the retreat
- ^ Marvel, p. 195.
References
- U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
- National Park Service: Appomattox Court House (Confederate order of battle).
- Calkins, Chris. The Appomattox Campaign: March 29 – April 9, 1865. Conshohocken, Pennsylvania: Combined Books, 1997. ISBN 0-938289-54-3.
- Marvel, William. Lee's Last Retreat: The Flight to Appomattox. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. ISBN 978-0-8078-5703-8.