Billardiera

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Billardiera

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Billardiera

Billardiera scandens, fruit - Lawson, NSW
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Apiales
Family:	Pittosporaceae
Genus:	Billardiera Sm.^[1]
Species
See text
Synonyms^[1]
List Billarderia Spreng. orth. var. Billardiera sect. Billardieriopsis Pax Billardiera sect. Eubillardiera Pax nom. inval. Billardiera ser. Uniloculares E.M.Benn. Billardierea T.Post & Kuntze orth. var. Labillardiera Schult. nom. illeg., nom. superfl. Pronaya Hügel ex Endl. Sollya Lindl.

Billardiera, commonly known as appleberries, snot berries, or bluebell creepers,^[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family, Pittosporaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Billardiera are woody scramblers, climbers or twiners with elliptic, lance-shaped or linear leaves arranged alternately along the stems, the flowers with petals that are joined to form a tube at the base with spreading lobes, and succulent or fleshy fruit.

Description

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Plants in the genus Billardiera are woody scramblers, climbers or undershrubs with twining branches up to several metres long. The leaves are simple, elliptic, lance-shaped or linear and arranged alternately along the stems. The flowers are arranged singly or in cymes on the ends of branches and are greenish-yellow to cream-coloured, purple or blue, the sepals free from each other. The five petals are much longer than the sepals, sometimes free from each other, or joined at the base to form a tube with spreading lobes. The stamens are free from each other, but sometimes have their anthers joined at the tip, encircling the style. The fruit is a succulent or fleshy, variously shaped berry containing many seeds.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

Taxonomy

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The genus Billardiera was first formally described in 1793 by James Edward Smith in his book A Specimen of the Botany of New Holland, and the first species he described (the type species) was Billardiera scandens.^[8]^[9] The name, Billardiera honours Jacques-Julien Houtou de Labillardière.^[9]

Species list

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The following is a list of species of Billardiera accepted by the Australian Plant Census as of May 2023:^[10]

Billardiera coriacea Benth. (W.A.)
Billardiera cymosa F.Muell. (S.A., Vic.)
Billardiera drummondii (C.Morren) L.Cayzer & Crisp (W.A.)
Billardiera floribunda (Putt.) F.Muell. – white-flowered billardiera (W.A.)
Billardiera fraseri (Hook.) L.W.Cayzer, Crisp & I.Telford – elegant pronaya (W.A.)
Billardiera fusiformis Labill. – Australian bluebell (Vic., W.A.)
Billardiera heterophylla (Lindl.) L.W.Cayzer & Crisp – bluebell creeper, purple appleberry, Australian bluebell (W.A.)
Billardiera laxiflora (Benth.) E.M.Benn. (W.A.)
Billardiera lehmanniana F.Muell. (W.A.)
Billardiera longiflora Labill. (Tas.)
Billardiera macrantha Hook.f. (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
Billardiera mutabilis Salisb. – climbing appleberry (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.)
Billardiera nesophila L.W.Cayzer & D.L.Jones (Tas.)
Billardiera ovalis Lindl. (Tas.)
Billardiera rubens L.W.Cayzer, Crisp & I.Telford (Qld., N.S.W.)
Billardiera scandens Sm. - hairy appleberry (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.)
Billardiera sericophora F.Muell. (S.A.)
Billardiera speciosa (Endl.) F.Muell. (W.A.)
Billardiera uniflora E.M.Benn. (S.A.)
Billardiera variifolia DC. (W.A.)
Billardiera venusta (Putt.) L.W.Cayzer & Crisp (W.A.)
Billardiera versicolor F.Muell. ex Klatt – pale appleberry (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.)
Billardiera viridiflora L.W.Cayzer & D.L.Jones (Tas.)

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Billardiera.

^ ^a ^b "Billardiera". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Billardiera". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ Makinson, Robert O. "Genus Billardiera". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ Walsh, Neville G.; Albrecht, David E. "Billardiera". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ "Billardiera". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
^ "Billardiera". State Herbarium of South Australia. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ Cayzer, Lindy W.; Crisp, Michael D.; Telford, Ian R. H. (2004). "Cladistic analysis and revision of Billardiera (Pittosporaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 17 (1): 83–125. doi:10.1071/SB03028.
^ "Billardiera". APNI. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ ^a ^b Smith, James E. (1793). A Specimen of the Botany of New Holland. Vol. Botany. London: James Sowerby. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
^ "Billardiera". AustralianPlant Census. Retrieved 27 May 2023.

Taxon identifiers

Billardiera

Wikidata: Q4911549
Wikispecies: Billardiera
APNI: 55009
CoL: 62FW4
eFloraSA: Billardiera
EoL: 61389
EPPO: 1BILG
FloraBase: 21496
FoAO2: Billardiera
GBIF: 3232360
GRIN: 1455
iNaturalist: 72008
IPNI: 327354-2
ITIS: 896819
NCBI: 105277
Open Tree of Life: 798963
POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327354-2
Tropicos: 40027476
VicFlora: 5650b38b-1865-4d59-9260-1f90a24425a9
WFO: wfo-4000004630

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