Ensiklopedia Dunia

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Cardinal quelea - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cardinal quelea

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Ploceidae
Genus:	Quelea
Species:	Q. cardinalis
Binomial name
*Quelea cardinalis* (Hartlaub, 1880)

The cardinal quelea (Quelea cardinalis) is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. It is found in Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.

Description

The cardinal quelea is a small (about 10 centimetres or 3.9 inches long) sparrow-like bird with a short heavy black bill, that breeds in colonies. The male in breeding plumage has a red head extending onto the breast but not onto the streaked nape. The female has a yellowish face, brow stripes and throat. The non-breeding plumage of the male resembles that of the female, but retains some red on its head.^[2]^[3]

Taxonomy

Gustav Hartlaub was the first to describe the cardinal quelea, giving it the scientific name Hyphantica cardinalis in 1880, based on specimens that were collected by Emin Pasha near Lado in South-Sudan during 1879.^[4]^[5] In 1951, Hans von Boetticher regarded the cardinal quelea and red-headed quelea sufficiently different from the red-billed quelea to create a new genus Queleopsis.^[6] Its name in Swahili is kwelea kidari-chekundu.^[7]

Phylogeny

Based on recent DNA-analysis, the red-headed quelea forms a clade with the cardinal quelea, and this clade is sister to the red-billed quelea Q. quelea. The genus Quelea belongs to the group of true weavers (subfamily Ploceinae), and is most related to Foudia, a genus of six or seven species that occur on the islands of the western Indian Ocean. This clade is sister to the Asian species of the genus Ploceus. The following tree represents current insights in the relationships between the species of Quelea, and their closest relatives.^[8]

genus Quelea

Q. quelea

	Q. cardinalis

	Q. erythrops

genus Foudia

Asian species of the genus Ploceus

References

^ BirdLife International (2018). "Quelea cardinalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22719120A132125511. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22719120A132125511.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
^ "Kardinaalwever Quelea cardinalis". Werkgroep voor Ploceidae (in Dutch). Retrieved 2017-05-17.
^ Ian Sinclair; P.A.R. Hockey, eds. (2005). The Larger Illustrated Guide to Birds of Southern Africa. Struik. ISBN 978-1-77007-243-5. Retrieved 2017-05-17.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "Cardinal Quelea". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Retrieved 2017-05-05.
^ "Cardinal Quelea". Weaver Watch. Retrieved 2017-05-05.
^ "Scientific name: Queleopsis". The Taxonomicon. Retrieved 2017-05-05.
^ "Kardinaalwever Quelea cardinalis". Avibase. Retrieved 2017-05-05.
^ De Silva, Thilina N.; Peterson, A. Townsend; Bates, John M.; Fernandoa, Sumudu W.; Girard, Matthew G. (2017). "Phylogenetic relationships of weaverbirds (Aves: Ploceidae): A first robust phylogeny based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 109: 21–32. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.013. PMID 28012957.

External links

Image at ADW

v t e Family: Ploceidae
Genus	Species
Bubalornis	White-billed buffalo weaver (B. albirostris) Red-billed buffalo weaver (B. niger)
Dinemellia	White-headed buffalo weaver (D. dinemelli)
Sporopipes	Speckle-fronted weaver (S. frontalis) Scaly-feathered weaver (S. squamifrons)
Plocepasser	White-browed sparrow-weaver (P. mahali) Chestnut-crowned sparrow-weaver (P. superciliosus) Chestnut-backed sparrow-weaver (P. rufoscapulatus) Donaldson Smith's sparrow-weaver (P. donaldsoni)
Histurgops	Rufous-tailed weaver (H. ruficauda)
Pseudonigrita	Grey-capped social weaver (P. arnaudi) Black-capped social weaver (P. cabanisi)
Philetairus	Sociable weaver (P. socius)
Ploceus	Compact weaver (P. superciliosus) Black-chinned weaver (P. nigrimentus) Baglafecht weaver (P. baglafecht) Bertram's weaver (P. bertrandi) Slender-billed weaver (P. pelzelni) Loango weaver (P. subpersonatus) Little weaver (P. luteolus) Lesser masked weaver (P. intermedius) Spectacled weaver (P. ocularis) Bannerman's weaver (P. bannermani) Bates's weaver (P. batesi) Black-necked weaver (P. nigricollis) Black-billed weaver (P. melanogaster) Strange weaver (P. alienus) Bocage's weaver (P. temporalis) Cape weaver (P. capensis) Eastern golden weaver (P. subaureus) Holub's golden weaver (P. xanthops) Príncipe weaver (Ploceus princeps) Orange weaver (P. aurantius) Golden palm weaver (P. bojeri) Taveta weaver (P. castaneiceps) Ruvu weaver (P. holoxanthus) Southern brown-throated weaver (P. xanthopterus) Northern brown-throated weaver (P. castanops) Kilombero weaver (P. burnieri) Rüppell's weaver or Rueppell's weaver (P. galbula) Heuglin's masked weaver (P. heuglini) Northern masked weaver (P. taeniopterus) Vitelline masked weaver (P. vitellinus) Southern masked weaver (P. velatus) Katanga masked weaver (P. katangae) Lufira masked weaver (P. ruweti) Tanzanian masked weaver (P. reichardi) Village weaver (P. cucullatus) Giant weaver (P. grandis) Speke's weaver (P. spekei) Fox's weaver (P. spekeoides) Vieillot's black weaver (P. nigerrimus) Weyns's weaver (P. weynsi) Clarke's weaver (P. golandi) Black-headed weaver (P. melanocephalus) Juba weaver (P. dichrocephalus) Golden-backed weaver (P. jacksoni) Cinnamon weaver (P. badius) Chestnut weaver (P. rubiginosus) Golden-naped weaver (P. aureonucha) Yellow-mantled weaver (P. tricolor) Maxwell's black weaver (P. albinucha) Nelicourvi weaver (P. nelicourvi) Sakalava weaver (P. sakalava) Streaked weaver (P. manyar) Baya weaver (P. philippinus) Asian golden weaver (P. hypoxanthus) Finn's weaver (P. megarhynchus) Black-breasted weaver (P. benghalensis) Dark-backed weaver (P. bicolor) Preuss's weaver (P. preussi) Yellow-capped weaver (P. dorsomaculatus) Usambara weaver (P. nicolli) Olive-headed weaver (P. olivaceiceps) Brown-capped weaver (P. insignis) Bar-winged weaver (P. angolensis) São Tomé weaver (P. sanctithomae) Yellow-legged weaver (P. flavipes)
Pachyphantes	Compact weaver (P. superciliosus)
Malimbus	Red-crowned malimbe (M. coronatus) Cassin's malimbe (M. cassini) Gola malimbe (M. ballmanni) Rachel's malimbe (M. racheliae) Red-vented malimbe (M. scutatus) Ibadan malimbe (M. ibadanensis) Red-bellied malimbe (M. erythrogaster) Blue-billed malimbe (M. nitens) Crested malimbe (M. malimbicus) Red-headed malimbe (M. rubricollis)
Anaplectes	Red-headed weaver (A. rubriceps)
Brachycope	Bob-tailed weaver (B. anomala)
Quelea	Cardinal quelea (Q. cardinalis) Red-headed quelea (Q. erythrops) Red-billed quelea (Q. quelea)
Foudia	Red fody (F. madagascariensis) Comoros fody (F. eminentissima) Aldabra fody, (F. aldabrana) Forest fody (F. omissa) Mauritius fody (F. rubra) Seychelles fody (F. sechellarum) Rodrigues fody (F. flavicans)
Euplectes	Yellow-crowned bishop (E. afer) Fire-fronted bishop (E. diadematus) Black bishop (E. gierowii) Black-winged red bishop (E. hordeaceus) Northern red bishop or orange bishop (E. franciscanus) Southern red bishop or red bishop (E. orix) Zanzibar red bishop (E. nigroventris) Golden-backed bishop (E. aureus) Yellow bishop (E. capensis) Fan-tailed widowbird (E. axillaris) Yellow-mantled widowbird (E. macroura) White-winged widowbird (E. albonotatus) Red-collared widowbird (E. ardens) Marsh widowbird (E. hartlaubi) Montane widowbird (E. psammacromius) Long-tailed widowbird (E. progne) Jackson's widowbird (E. jacksoni)
Amblyospiza	Thick-billed weaver (A. albifrons)

Taxon identifiers
Quelea cardinalis	Wikidata: Q1301031 Wikispecies: Quelea cardinalis ADW: Quelea_cardinalis Avibase: 9387DC41F926CF7B BioLib: 30722 BirdLife: 22719120 BOW: carque1 CoL: 4R42J eBird: carque1 GBIF: 2493989 iNaturalist: 14007 IRMNG: 10216393 ITIS: 562667 IUCN: 22719120 NCBI: 158618 Open Tree of Life: 890345 Xeno-canto: Quelea-cardinalis

Categories:

Hidden categories: