Cathedrals and Castles: Building in the Middle Ages

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Cathedrals and Castles: Building in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia

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Cathedrals and Castles:
Building in the Middle Ages
First French edition. Construction of the Tower of Babel. Rudolf von Ems, Weltchronik, Ms 2, theol. 4. Gesamthochschulbibliothek Kassel.
Author	Alain Erlande-Brandenburg
Original title	Quand les cathédrales étaient peintes
Translator	Rosemary Stonehewer
Language	French
Series	Découvertes Gallimard●Architecture (FR) Abrams Discoveries (US) New Horizons (UK)
Release number	180th in collection
Subject	Medieval architecture
Genre	Nonfiction monograph
Publisher	FR: Éditions Gallimard US: Harry N. Abrams UK: Thames & Hudson
Publication date	15 September 1993 20 May 2009 (new ed.)
Publication place	France
Published in English	1995
Media type	Print (paperback & hardcover)
Pages	176 pp.
ISBN	978-2-07-053234-6 (first edition)
Preceded by	Le Corbusier : l'architecture pour émouvoir
Followed by	Rabelais : Rire est le propre de l'homme

Cathedrals and Castles: Building in the Middle Ages (UK title: The Cathedral Builders of the Middle Ages; French: Quand les cathédrales étaient peintes, lit. 'When the Cathedrals were Painted') is a 1993 illustrated monograph on medieval architecture, mostly church architecture, and its building technology. Written by French art historian Alain Erlande-Brandenburg, and published by Éditions Gallimard as the 180th volume in their "Découvertes" collection.

Synopsis

The book is strictly architectural in focus, Alain Erlande-Brandenburg makes no attempt to portray medieval society but examines the churches and castles such a society required. A span of seven centuries, starting with the early builders of medieval towns (8th–9th century), through the impact of Gregorian Reform upon the realm of architecture (10th century) to the Gothic period (11th–14th century). The Cistercian architecture is also highlighted in the book,^[1] and a description of those colourful stained-glass windows that complemented a play of colours inside the church building.^[2]

The main focus of the book is on the architect (a master mason) and the construction process, such as transport of materials, laying of foundations, erection of walls and vaulting. It also discusses the relationships between architects and patrons, the organization of craftsmen's guilds, the development of written contracts, the transition from wood to stone construction, the use of architectural drawings, et cetera.^[3]

The "Documents" section at the end of the book assembles a collection of excerpts from primary sources that touch on issues related to large-scale construction, such as William of Sens's rebuild of the choir of Canterbury Cathedral in the 12th century, or the architects of Milan Cathedral had to call in experts from France when they realized their ambition had outstripped their competence. The list of "Thirty-One Great Cathedrals" includes eleven English buildings, seven in France, three in Germany and Central Europe, five in Italy and five in Spain.

Body text

Opening: Design for the central part of the façade of Strasbourg Cathedral (details). Inv. no. 5. Drawing circa 1360–5 (pp. 1–9)
Chapter I: "A New World" (pp. 13–35)
Chapter II: "The Architect" (pp. 37–69)
Chapter III: "Means of Expression" (pp. 71–87)
Chapter IV: "On Site" (pp. 89–127)

Documents

The Architect (pp. 130–135)
The Building Site (pp. 136–139)
Materials (pp. 140–145)
Building Techniques (pp. 146–163)
Machines (pp. 164–165)

Thirty-One Great Cathedrals (pp. 166–167)
Further Reading (p. 168)
List of Illustrations (pp. 169–172)
Index (pp. 172–174)
Acknowledgments/Photo Credits/Text Credits (p. 175)

Reception

The French medievalist Jacques Le Goff called Quand les cathédrales étaient peintes "an excellent essay".^[4]

The French historian Jean-Pierre Poussou [fr] gave a positive review to the book saying that "this little work of synthesis is a remarkable success: excellently illustrated (with very relevant comments), it does not content itself with teaching us the essentials of what we need to know about our great Gothic churches; in fact, there is a very successful development on the art of building of the creators of the Middle Ages and on medieval urban construction. In this way, it will render the greatest services to the demographic historians interested in this period. It is one of the best, if not the best in the collection."^[5]

The Australian historian of religion Carole Cusack also gave a positive review in her article for Parergon: "This lavishly illustrated small volume is a delight. Much of its charm is due to the gorgeous colour plates but the text is also intelligent and informative. It is not a 'scholarly' work but it offers a general perspective on medieval architecture for the non-specialist reader. [...] An ideal present for anyone who has ever marvelled at medieval cathedrals."^[6]

References

^ McIntosh, Matthew A. (18 October 2020). "Medieval Monastic Cistercian Architecture". brewminate.com. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
^ Le Goff, Jacques (2012). Die Geburt Europas im Mittelalter [The Birth of Europe in the Middle Ages]. Beck'schen Reihe (vol. 6041) (in German). Munich: C.H. Beck. p. 198. ISBN 9783406630934.
^ Adam, Wayne (2006). "Cathedrals and Castles: Building in the Middle Ages (Discoveries), Alain Erlande-Brandenburg, Abrams, Paperback, 175 pages, February 1995". curledup.com. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
^ Le Goff, Jacques (2004). Héros et merveilles du Moyen Âge (in French). Paris: Média Diffusion. ISBN 9782021121773.
^ Poussou, Jean-Pierre (1994). "Alain Erlande-Brandenburg, Quand les cathédrales étaient peintes, Paris, Gallimard, coll. 'Découvertes', 1993, 176 p." Annales de Démographie Historique (in French). 1994 (1): 388. doi:10.3406/adh. Retrieved 22 January 2022. L'auteur nous avait déjà donné en 1989 (éd. A. Fayard) un très grand livre, La cathédrale, devenu indispensable, tout comme la somme de Jacques Heers [fr], La ville au Moyen-Âge (Fayard, 1990), pour qui veut connaître les villes médiévales. Ce petit ouvrage de synthèse est une remarquable réussite : excellemment illustré (avec de très pertinents commentaires), il ne se contente pas de nous apprendre l'essentiel de ce qu'il faut savoir sur nos grandes églises gothiques ; en réalité, on y trouve une mise au point très réussie sur l'art de bâtir des créateurs du Moyen-Âge et sur la construction urbaine médiévale. Par là, il rendra les plus grands services aux historiens démographes intéressés par cette époque. C'est l'un des meilleurs, voire le meilleur de la collection.
^ Cusack, Carole (1996). "Erlande-Brandenburg, Alain, The cathedral builders of the Middle Ages, Thames and Hudson, 1995; paper; pp. 175; 165 illustrations; R.R.P AUS$19.95". Parergon. 13 (2): 302–303. doi:10.1353/pgn.1996.0058. S2CID 143257501. Retrieved 22 January 2022.