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Chalinochromis

C. popelini
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cichliformes
Family:	Cichlidae
Tribe:	Lamprologini
Genus:	Chalinochromis Poll, 1974
Type species
Chalinochromis brichardi Poll, 1974

Chalinochromis is a small cichlid genus from the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae. These ray-finned fishes are endemic to Lake Tanganyika in the East African Rift. The scientific name refers to the bridle-like markings across the heads of members of this genus. They have specialized jaws enabling them to feed on sponges.^[1]

This genus has a puzzling relationship with the extremely similar species placed in Julidochromis. In their mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 sequence, Chalinochromis are closer to J. dickfeldi, J. ornatus and J. transcriptus – in particular the latter two – than to any other living fish, while J. marlieri and J. regani are closer to Telmatochromis. Julidochromis thus might need to be split in two, with Chalinochromis included in one lineage. Alternatively, there has twice been successful intergeneric hybridization between particular lineages of Julidochromis males and Chalinochromis females (males generally do not pass on mtDNA to their offspring). Yet another possibility is that Julidochromis is monophyletic and includes Chalinochromis; in this scenario males of the common ancestor of J. marlieri and J. regani would have hybridized with females of the common ancestor of Telmatochromis.^[1]

Chalinochromis are popular aquarium fishes, and require similar care to Julidochromis. Like most lamprologine species, Chalinochromis are secretive during spawning, often choosing a small cave or crevice to spawn inside. In the aquarium the species often spawns under flat pieces of slate.

Species

The three formally described species in this genus are as follows:^[2]^[3]

Chalinochromis brichardi Poll, 1974
Chalinochromis cyanophleps S. O. Kullander, Mi. Karlsson, Ma. Karlsson & Norén, 2014^[3]
Chalinochromis popelini Brichard, 1989

The two undescribed species in this genus are as follows:^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Day, Julia J.; Santini, Simona & Garcia-Moreno, Jaime (2007): Phylogenetic relationships of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Lamprologini: The story from mitochondrial DNA. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 45(2): 629–642. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.02.025 (HTML abstract)
^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Chalinochromis". FishBase. February 2015 version.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kullander, S.O., Karlsson, M., Karlsson, M. & Norén, M. (2014): Chalinochromis cyanophleps, a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika. Zootaxa, 3790 (3): 425–438.

Taxon identifiers
Chalinochromis	Wikidata: Q145278 Wikispecies: Chalinochromis BOLD: 27122 CoL: 62LQP EoL: 101701 GBIF: 2370884 iNaturalist: 87350 IRMNG: 1120653 ITIS: 648052 NCBI: 32493 Plazi: CADB826D-4FA2-9403-DF75-C5DA1AE9E638 WoRMS: 268712 ZooBank: 87BFBCE7-7DF6-4ACC-A68D-ABDB842D52A1

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