Chavundaraya Basadi

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Chavundaraya Basadi - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 12°51′42.19″N 76°29′12.38″E / 12.8617194°N 76.4867722°E

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Chavundaraya Basadi
Chavundaraya Basadi at Shravanabelagola
Religion
Affiliation	Jainism
Deity	Neminatha
Festivals	Mahavir Jayanti
Governing body	Shri Shravana Belgola Jain Matha
Location
Location	Shravana Belgola, Hassan, Karnataka
Geographic coordinates	12°51′42.19″N 76°29′12.38″E / 12.8617194°N 76.4867722°E / 12.8617194; 76.4867722
Architecture
Style	Dravidian architecture
Creator	Chavundaraya
Date established	982 AD

Chavundaraya basadi or Chamundaraya basadi or Boppa-Chaityalya is one of the fifteen basadis (Jain temples) located on the Chandragiri Hill in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka.^[1] Archaeological Survey of India has listed the Chavundaraya basadi in group of monuments in Shravanabelagola as Adarsh Smarak Monument.^[2]

History

Chavundaraya basadi was erected by Chavundaraya during the reign of Ganga King Marasimha II in 982 CE and completed by Chavundaraya's son Jinadeva. The idol of Neminatha, flanked by Chauri bearers, is believed to installed by Hoysala period attributing to the characteristics matching Hoysala art.^[3] The temple is also known as Sruta-tirtha (transl. sacred places of scripture) because 10th century Jain Acharya Nemichandra composed Gommatsāra here.^[4]

The temple underwent improvement in the 12th century under the rule of Chola Empire.^[5] The pyramidal shikhara crowned with domical finial is example of Chola architecture.^{[citation needed]} In c. 12th-century CE, a pillared porch was added to the temple complex.^[5]

Architecture

Chavundaraya basadi along with Suparshwanath, Kattale and Chandragupta basadi is considered the most important for the architecture in Jain temple complex of Chandragiri Hill^[3]^[6] with Chavundaraya basadi as the finest and largest.^[4]^[7]^[8] This temple is built in Dravidian architecture and famous for its artistry.^[5] The temple houses a garbhagriha, pradakshinapatha, open sukansi, navaranga and mukhamandapa. Above the garbhagriha is a dvitala vimana.^[3] The garbhagriha houses an idol of Neminatha flanked by Chauri bearers and the one first floor of the vimana houses the image of Parshavanatha installed by Jinadeva in 985 CE.^[9]

Chavundaraya basadi is a 68 by 36 feet (21 m × 11 m) two-story shrine with a shikhara built-in Dravidian style. This temple is the largest shrine in Shravanabelagola with ornamental niches with figures of yakshi and Jain monks in padmasan posture. The build Western Gangas style. The architecture of this temple was influenced by Chalukyan style in Aihole and Badami temple complex.^[6] The mulnayak of the temple is a black-coloured idol of Neminatha. The temple also houses an idol of Ambika seated under a mango tree with amra-lumbi (mango tree branch) in the right hand and citron in left.^[10]

Shikhara of temple
Melina basti, on second storey of Chavundaraya basadi
Sarvahana and Ambika

Protection

The temple is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India.^[5]

References

Citations

^ Chugh 2016, p. 313.
^ "Adarsh Smarak Monument". Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Chugh 2016, p. 282.
^ ^a ^b Sangave 1981, p. 16.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ASI.
^ ^a ^b Ramaswamy 2019.
^ Publications Division & Temples of South India.
^ Menon 2019.
^ Chugh 2016, pp. 282–283.
^ Shah 1987, p. 250.

Sources

Chugh, Lalit (2016), Karnataka's Rich Heritage - Art and Architecture: From Prehistoric Times to the Hoysala Period, vol. 6, Notion Press, ISBN 9789352068258
Shah, Umakant Premanand (1987), Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana, vol. 1, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 9788170172086
Publication Division (2017). Temples of South India. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. ISBN 9788123025728.
Sangave, Vilas Adinath (1981). The Sacred ʹSravaṇa-Beḷagoḷa: A Socio-religious Study. Murtidevī granthamālā. Vol. 8. Mumbai: Bhartiya Jnanpith. ISBN 9789326355599.
"Chamundaraya Basti, Sravanabelagola". Archaeological Survey of India. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
Ramaswamy, Chitra (4 May 2019). "Holy hills beckon". Deccan Herald.
Menon, Srikumar M. (12 February 2019). "The rite sacred bath". Deccan Herald.

v t e Jain temples in India
See also : Jain temples in North America
Bihar	Pawapuri Statue of Vasupujya
Delhi	Sri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir Naya Mandir Ahinsa Sthal
Gujarat	Abhapur Bhadreshwar Girnar Neminath Temple Hutheesing Mahudi Palitana Shankheshwar Taranga Kothara Panchasara Kumbhariaji
Jharkhand	Shikharji
Karnataka	Badami cave temples Dharmasthala Temple Jain Temple, Lakkundi Panchakuta Basadi, Kambadahalli Saavira Kambada Basadi Sankighatta Shravanabelagola Halebidu Karkala Humcha Pattadakal Aihole Shanka Basadi
Kerala	Anantnath Swami Temple Jain temple, Alleppey Jain Temple, Kidanganad Jainimedu Jain temple Kattil Madam Temple
Madhya Pradesh	Kundalpurna Bawangaja Jain temples of Khajuraho Kanch Mandir Sonagiri Muktagiri Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir Vidisha
Maharashtra	Antarikṣa Pārśvanātha Tīrtha Gajpanth Kumbhoj Shantinatha temple, Ramtek Statue of Ahimsa
Nagaland	Dimapur Jain Temple
Odisha	Digambara Jaina Temple, Khandagiri Subai Jain temples
Rajasthan	Dilwara Temples Ajmer Jain temple Nakodaji Nareli Jain Temple Padampura Ranakpur Jain temple Sanghiji Shri Mahavirji Tijara Jain temple Osian Lodhurva Jain temple
Tamil Nadu	Arahanthgiri Jain Math Alagramam Jain Temple Kalugumalai Jain Beds Mannargudi Mallinatha Swamy Jain Temple Mel Sithamur Jain Math Vijayamangalam Jain temple Thirakoil
Telangana	Kulpakji Bommalagutta
Uttar Pradesh	Jain temples at Deogarh Jambudweep Hastinapur Navagarh Tirth Ahichchhatra
West Bengal	Calcutta Jain Temple Pakbirra Jain temples
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