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Ixtepec, Oaxaca - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 16°34′0″N 95°06′50″W / 16.56667°N 95.11389°W

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Ciudad Ixtepec
City Hall
Ciudad Ixtepec Show map of Oaxaca Ciudad Ixtepec Show map of Mexico
Coordinates: 16°34′0″N 95°06′50″W / 16.56667°N 95.11389°W / 16.56667; -95.11389
Country	Mexico
State	Oaxaca
Municipality	Ixtepec
Founded	16th century
Area
• Municipality	294.1 km² (113.6 sq mi)
• City	14.48 km² (5.59 sq mi)
Elevation	40 m (130 ft)
Population (2020 census)^[1]
• Municipality	28,082
• Density	95/km² (250/sq mi)
• City	26,015
• City density	1,800/km² (4,700/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central)
Demonym	Ixtepecano

Ixtepec (formally: Ciudad Ixtepec; previously known as Villa de San Jerónimo Doctor) is a small city, and municipality of the same name, located in the state of Oaxaca, in southern Mexico. It is part of the Juchitán District in the west of the Istmo de Tehuantepec region.^[2]

History

The name "Ixtepec" is derived from Nahuatl and roughly translates to either "view of the mountain" or "face of the mountain."Its name was Iztepeque until 1935, when it was officially changed to Ciudad Ixtepec. The founding of the city was most likely in the 16th century as a Zapotec settlement shortly before the Spanish Conquest. It remained an indigenous community until the 19th century, with its economy based on subsistence farming. In the early 20th century, the community grew in economic importance as its location made it attractive to foreign investment with the building of the Pan-American Highway, originally as a rail line.^[3]

Geography

The municipality has an area of 294.1 km² at an average elevation of 40 meters above sea level. The climate is warm, with rainfall of 950 mm annually mostly falling in the summer. Average temperature is 27.4 °C, ranging from 21.5 °C to 30.7 °C.^[2]

Climate

Climate data for Ixtepec (Averages: 1981-2010, Records: 1948-2008)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	38.0 (100.4)	39.5 (103.1)	41.0 (105.8)	43.0 (109.4)	43.0 (109.4)	41.0 (105.8)	39.5 (103.1)	41.0 (105.8)	39.0 (102.2)	39.0 (102.2)	39.0 (102.2)	39.0 (102.2)	43.0 (109.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	29.6 (85.3)	30.9 (87.6)	32.7 (90.9)	34.6 (94.3)	35.7 (96.3)	33.7 (92.7)	33.1 (91.6)	33.6 (92.5)	32.4 (90.3)	31.8 (89.2)	31.2 (88.2)	30.0 (86.0)	32.4 (90.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)	25.0 (77.0)	25.9 (78.6)	27.4 (81.3)	29.2 (84.6)	30.3 (86.5)	29.0 (84.2)	28.6 (83.5)	28.9 (84.0)	28.0 (82.4)	27.6 (81.7)	26.9 (80.4)	25.5 (77.9)	27.7 (81.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	20.4 (68.7)	20.9 (69.6)	22.2 (72.0)	23.8 (74.8)	25.0 (77.0)	24.3 (75.7)	24.1 (75.4)	24.2 (75.6)	23.7 (74.7)	23.5 (74.3)	22.7 (72.9)	21.2 (70.2)	23.0 (73.4)
Record low °C (°F)	9.0 (48.2)	5.3 (41.5)	10.0 (50.0)	13.5 (56.3)	17.0 (62.6)	17.0 (62.6)	15.0 (59.0)	16.0 (60.8)	16.3 (61.3)	15.7 (60.3)	11.0 (51.8)	2.0 (35.6)	2.0 (35.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	1.0 (0.04)	2.4 (0.09)	3.5 (0.14)	5.0 (0.20)	44.3 (1.74)	206.6 (8.13)	163.7 (6.44)	178.2 (7.02)	179.3 (7.06)	72.7 (2.86)	16.1 (0.63)	3.1 (0.12)	875.9 (34.48)
Average precipitation days	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.6	3.7	11.5	10.3	10.3	11.6	5.1	1.3	0.2	55.9
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico National^[4]
Source 2: Servicio Meteorológico National^[5]

Communities

As municipal seat, Ciudad Ixtepec has governing authority over the following communities:^[2]

Cheguigo Juárez
Quinta Sección
Chivaguí
Colonia Alejandro Cruz Martínez
Colonia la Candelaria
Colonia Niza Luba
5 de Febrero
Llano Blanco
Imperio Jeromeño
Piedra Bola
El Carrizal (Chivaniza)
El Zapote
Guichilana
Guigobazaá
La Guadalupe
La Huana Milpería
La Providencia
La Rufa
Laguna Bacuela
Los Cascabeles
Los Laureles
Niza Shiga (Monte Grande)
Nizandá
Rancho Félix Enríquez Sangermán
Río Seco
Llano Grande
San Jerónimo

Economy

As of 2005, there were 6,481 households with a population of 24,181, of whom 4,667 spoke an indigenous language. Like Ixtaltepec, Juchitán and Tehuantepec, Ixtepec has a significant native Zapotec population. Many indigenous traditions are still followed.

Ixtepec used to be an important railway center point, but nowadays no passenger train traffic runs through. However, a university has recently been constructed there. Economic activities include very limited agriculture on 972 hectares of irrigated land growing corn, sorghum, sesame and vegetables, 408 small farms raising cattle, pigs or goats, fish hatcheries for crappie, tilapia and red snapper, manufacture of bricks, school uniforms and home furnishings, and mining of black clay for making pots and figurines and adobe bricks.^[2]

References

^ Citypopulation.de Population of Ciudad Ixtepec municipality with localities
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "(Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México)". Archived from the original on 2012-04-03. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
^ "Ciudad Ixtepec". Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México Estado de Oaxaca (in Spanish). Mexico: INAFED. Retrieved March 21, 2014.
^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981-2010" (in Spanish). National Meteorological Service of Mexico. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
^ "MEDIAS Y EXTREMAS MENSUALES" (in Spanish). National Meteorological Service of Mexico. Retrieved July 20, 2016.

Municipalities of Juchitán District, Oaxaca