Columbia (1899 yacht)

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Columbia (1899 yacht) - Wikipedia

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Columbia
Racing career
Columbia vs. Shamrock, 1899
Yacht club	New York Yacht Club
Nation	United States
Designer(s)	Nathanael Greene Herreshoff
Builder	Herreshoff Manufacturing Company
Launched	June 10, 1899
Owner(s)	J. Pierpont Morgan and Edwin Dennison Morgan
Fate	Broken up in 1915
Skippers	Charlie Barr
Notable victories	1899 America's Cup 1901 America's Cup
America's Cup	1899, 1901
Specifications
Displacement	148.7 tonnes
Length	40.15 m (131.7 ft) LOA 27.25 m (89.4 ft) LWL
Beam	7.39 m (24.2 ft)
Draft	5.97 m (19.6 ft)
Sail area	1,189 m² (12,800 sq ft)

Columbia was an American racing yacht built in 1899 for the America's Cup races. She was the defender of the tenth America's Cup race that same year against British challenger Shamrock^[1] as well as the defender of the eleventh America's Cup race in 1901 against British challenger Shamrock II. She was the first vessel to win the trophy twice in a row^[2] (a record not equaled until Intrepid's back-to-back wins in 1967 and 1970.)^[3]

Design

Columbia, a fin keel sloop, was designed and built in 1898-99 by Nathanael Herreshoff and the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company for owners J. Pierpont Morgan and Edwin Dennison Morgan of the New York Yacht Club. She was the third successful defender built by Herreshoff.^[4]

Columbia had a nickel steel frame, a tobin bronze hull, and a steel mast^[5] (later replaced with one of Oregon pine.)

Career

Columbia was launched on June 10, 1899.^[6] She easily won the elimination trials against the rebuilt former defender, Defender. Skippered by Charlie Barr, she won all three races against the British challenger, Shamrock, in the 1899 America's Cup. Notably, Hope Goddard Iselin was the only female on the crew, serving as afterguard.^[7]

Columbia was selected again in 1901 to defend the Cup, and again under the command of Charlie Barr, won all three races against Shamrock II.^[7]

In 1903 Columbia was refitted with the hope of being selected for a third time, but she was badly beaten in the selection trials by the yacht Reliance.^[7]

Columbia was broken up in 1915 at City Island and sold to Henry A. Hitner's Sons Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for scrap.^[8] Today, the mast sits in the Forest Hills Gardens neighborhood of New York City in a park known as "Flagpole Green."

References and external links

^ "Columbia winning the cup". LibraryOfCongress. 15 April 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
^ "America's Cup yacht: Columbia 1899 and 1901". Fine Rare Prints Antique Prints and Maps. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
^ "America's Cup Defenders & Challengers 1851-2017". www.americascup.com. 2018.
^ "Herreshoff, Nathanael - 2011 Hall of Fame". www.nshof.org. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
^ "Herreshoff, Capt'n Nat (1848-1938) USA". america-scoop.com. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
^ "Image 3 of New York journal and advertiser (New York [N.Y.]), June 12, 1899". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
^ ^a ^b ^c "COLUMBIA'S STORY". www.america-scoop.com. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
^ "Racing yacht queen now mass of junk". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia, PA. August 10, 1915. p. 3.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Columbia (ship, 1899).

v t e America's Cup defender and challenger yachts
List
Defenders	1851: 14 yachts 1870: 17 yachts 1871: Columbia & Sappho 1876: Madeleine 1881: Mischief 1885: Puritan 1886: Mayflower 1887: Volunteer 1893: Vigilant 1895: Defender 1899: Columbia 1901: Columbia 1903: Reliance 1920: Resolute 1930: Enterprise 1934: Rainbow 1937: Ranger 1958: Columbia 1962: Weatherly 1964: Constellation 1967: Intrepid 1970: Intrepid 1974: Courageous 1977: Courageous 1980: Freedom 1983: Liberty 1987: Kookaburra III 1988: Stars & Stripes 88 1992: America³ 1995: Young America 2000: NZL 60 2003: NZL 82 2007: SUI 100 2010: Alinghi 5 2013: Oracle Team USA 17 2017: 17 2021: Te Rehutai 2024: Taihoro
Challengers	1851: America 1870: Cambria 1871: Livonia 1876: Countess of Dufferin 1881: Atalanta 1885: Genesta 1886: Galatea 1887: Thistle 1893: Valkyrie II 1895: Valkyrie III 1899: Shamrock 1901: Shamrock II 1903: Shamrock III 1920: Shamrock IV 1930: Shamrock V 1934: Endeavour 1937: Endeavour II 1958: Sceptre 1962: Gretel 1964: Sovereign 1967: Dame Pattie 1970: Gretel II 1974: Southern Cross 1977: Australia 1980: Australia 1983: Australia II 1987: Stars & Stripes 87 1988: KZ1 1992: Il Moro di Venezia V 1995: NZL 32 2000: Luna Rossa 2003: SUI 64 2007: NZL 92 2010: USA 17 2013: Aotearoa 2017: Aotearoa 2021: Luna Rossa 2024: Britannia
see also: Yacht clubs

v t e America's Cup
Deed of Gift Challengers and defenders Competing yacht clubs History of the America's Cup
Editions	1851 1870 1871 1876 1881 1885 1886 1887 1893 1895 1899 1901 1903 1914 (postponed) 1920 1930 1934 1937 1958 1962 1964 1967 1970 1974 1977 1980 1983 1987 1988 1992 1995 2000 2003 2007 2010 2013 2017 2021 2024
Challenger Selection Series Herbert Pell Cup (1970–1980) Louis Vuitton Cup (1983–2017 & 2024) Prada Cup (2021)	1970 1974 1977 1980 1983 1987 1992 1995 2000 2003 2007 2013 2017 2021 2024
Defender Selection Series Citizen Cup (1992–1995)	1987 1992 1995
Youth America's Cup	2013 2017 2024
Women's America's Cup	2024
Class	NYCC Rule Seawanhaka Rule J Class 12-Metre yachts IACC yachts regattas AC72 AC45 AC50 AC45F AC75 AC40
Related	Challenger America (yacht) Louis Vuitton Pacific Series Louis Vuitton Trophy AC45 World Series Italy at the America's Cup
Media	Wind (film) The Wind Gods (film) Untold: The Race of the Century (documentary) The Billionaire and the Mechanic (book)

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