Commation eposianum

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Commation eposianum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Diaphoretickes
Clade:	SAR
Clade:	Stramenopiles
Phylum:	Gyrista
Subphylum:	Ochrophytina
Class:	Raphidomonadea
Order:	Commatiida
Family:	Commatiidae
Genus:	Commation
Species:	C. eposianum
Binomial name
*Commation eposianum* Thomsen & Larsen, 1993^[1]

Commation eposianum is a species of heterotrophic protists discovered in 1993 in Antarctic waters.^[1] It is one of two species in the Commatiida, an order of stramenopiles closely related to actinophryids, a group of heliozoan protists,^[2] and to raphidophytes, a group of algae.^[3]

Etymology

The name of the species, "eposianum" references the initiative behind the EPOS joint-European Antarctic research programme, which allowed this species to be discovered through an expedition to the Southern Ocean. The name of the genus derives from Latin comma, which references the general biconvex shape of the cell.^[1]

Morphology

Commation eposianum is a species of unicellular eukaryotes composed of spherical biconvex cells measuring 7–12 μm. They present a narrow proboscis measuring 16–18 μm in length, relatively long in comparison to the proboscis of Commation cryoporinum. Their cytoskeleton consists of a spiralling band composed of a microtubular sheet associated with 3 crystalline, electron-dense structures. This band occupies one half of the cell and gets thinner from the periphery towards the center of the cell. Other structural microtubules arise from the surface of the cell nucleus. The cell has only one type of extrusome which is not visible under light microscopy, in contrast to Commation cryoporinum which presents two types of extrusomes that can be visible if large enough.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Helge Abildhauge Thomsen; Jacob Larsen (12 November 1993). "The ultrastructure of Commation gen. nov. (Stramenopiles incertae sedis), a genus of heterotrophic nanoplanktonic flagellates from antarctic waters". European Journal of Protistology. 29 (4): 462–477. doi:10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80409-8.
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Scoble, Josephine Margaret (2013). "Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes". European Journal of Protistology. 49 (3): 328–353. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002. PMID 23219323.
^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (January 2018). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3. PMC 5756292. PMID 28875267.

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