Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite

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The Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite was opened for signature on 21 May 1974^[1] in Brussels and entered into force on 25 August 1979.^[2] It is overseen by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.

Provisions

Convention provides for the obligation of each Contracting State to take adequate measures to prevent the unauthorized distribution on or from its territory of any programme-carrying signal transmitted by satellite.^[3]

Membership

As of 2025, the convention has been ratified by 40 states, there are 10 states signed the convention but not yet ratified.^[4]

List of parties

Participant	Signature	Ratification	Accession	Succession	Entry into force
Argentina	Mar 26, 1975
Armenia			Sep 13, 1993		Dec 13, 1993
Australia			Jul 26, 1990		Oct 26, 1990
Austria	Mar 26, 1975	May 6, 1982			Aug 6, 1982
Bahrain			Feb 1, 2007		May 1, 2007
Belgium	May 21, 1974
Benin			May 18, 2017		Aug 18, 2017
Bosnia and Herzegovina				Jan 12, 1994	Mar 6, 1992
Brazil	May 21, 1974
Canada			Mar 27, 2024		Jun 27, 2024
Chile			Mar 8, 2011		Jun 8, 2011
Colombia			Dec 20, 2013		Mar 20, 2014
Costa Rica			Mar 25, 1999		Jun 25, 1999
Côte d'Ivoire	May 21, 1974
Croatia				Jul 26, 1993	Oct 8, 1991
Cyprus	May 21, 1974
El Salvador			Apr 22, 2008		Jul 22, 2008
France	Mar 27, 1975
Germany	May 21, 1975	May 25, 1979			Aug 25, 1979
Greece			Jul 22, 1991		Oct 22, 1991
Honduras			Jan 7, 2008		Apr 7, 2008
Israel	May 21, 1974
Italy	May 21, 1974	Apr 7, 1981			Jul 7, 1981
Jamaica			Oct 12, 1999		Jan 12, 2000
Kenya	May 21, 1974	Jan 6, 1976			Aug 25, 1979
Lebanon	May 21, 1974
Mexico	May 21, 1974	Mar 18, 1976			Aug 25, 1979
Montenegro				Oct 23, 2006	Jun 3, 2006
Morocco	May 21, 1974	Mar 31, 1983			Jun 30, 1983
Nicaragua			Dec 1, 1975		Aug 25, 1979
North Macedonia				Sep 2, 1997	Nov 17, 1991
Oman			Dec 18, 2007		Mar 18, 2008
Panama			Jun 25, 1985		Sep 25, 1985
Peru			May 7, 1985		Aug 7, 1985
Portugal			Dec 11, 1995		Mar 11, 1996
Qatar			Apr 12, 2023		Jul 12, 2023
South Korea			Dec 19, 2011		Mar 19, 2012
Republic of Moldova			Jul 28, 2008		Oct 28, 2008
Russian Federation			Oct 20, 1988		Jan 20, 1989
Rwanda			Apr 25, 2001		Jul 25, 2001
Senegal	May 21, 1974
Serbia				Jun 14, 2001	Apr 27, 1992
Singapore			Jan 27, 2005		Apr 27, 2005
Slovenia				Nov 3, 1992	Jun 25, 1991
Spain	May 21, 1974
Switzerland	May 21, 1974	Jun 24, 1993			Sep 24, 1993
Togo			Mar 10, 2003		Jun 10, 2003
Trinidad and Tobago			Aug 1, 1996		Nov 1, 1996
United States of America	May 21, 1974	Dec 7, 1984			Mar 7, 1985
Viet Nam			Oct 12, 2005		Jan 12, 2006

External links

https://www.wipo.int/treaties/fr/ip/brussels/index.html

References

^ "Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite". www.wipo.int. World Intellectual Property Organization.
^ "Convention relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite 1974". portal.unesco.org. UNESCO.
^ "Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite". www.wipo.int. World Intellectual Property Organization.
^ "WIPO-Administered Treaties - WIPO Lex". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 2023-11-21.

Politics of outer space

Space races

Chinese
space program

Two Bombs, One Satellite doctrine (1966–1976)
Shuguang program (1966–1972)
Chinese ASAT program (1964–)
- 2007 test
Project 921 (1992–)
Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (2003–)
Mars and beyond
- Planetary Exploration of China (2016–)
- MARS-500 study

ESA Science Programme

European Launcher Development Organisation (1960–1975)
- Europa launcher programme (1962–1973)
European Space Research Organisation (1964–1975)
European Space Agency (1975–)

Horizon 2000 (1985–1995)	SOHO Cassini–Huygens Huygens Cluster Cluster II XMM-Newton Rosetta INTEGRAL Herschel Planck
Horizon 2000 Plus (1995–2015)	ISS programme Politics Gaia LISA Pathfinder BepiColombo
Cosmic Vision (2015–2025)	Solar Orbiter Euclid ARIEL EnVision CHEOPS JUICE ATHENA LISA Comet Interceptor SMILE

EU Space Programme

Western European Union Satellite Centre (1992–2002)
EU Satellite Centre (2002–)
EU/ESA Space Council
EU Commission DG Defence Industry and Space
- European GNSS Supervisory Authority (2004–2010)
- European GNSS Agency (2010–2021)
- EU Agency for the Space Programme (2021–)
Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications
European Union Aviation Safety Agency
European Network of Civil Aviation Safety Investigation Authorities
European Defence Agency
Europe by Satellite

Other European
initiatives and bodies

Indian space policy

British
space programme

Creation of the British National Committee for Space Research (1958)
Start of the Ariel programme (1962)
Black Arrow launcher (1964–1971)
Creation of the British National Space Centre (1985)
Outer Space Act 1986
Project Juno (1991)
Space Innovation and Growth Team (2009–2010)
Creation of the UK Space Agency (2010)
Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015
Space Industry Act 2018
UK Global Navigation Satellite System (2018–2020)
2021 Integrated Review
- Defence in a Competitive Age

US space policy

Truman space policy	Operation Paperclip list of scientists Aerobee rocket program RAND Establishment of Cape Canaveral
Eisenhower space policy	WS-117L Project Vanguard Sputnik crisis Introduction to Outer Space 1958 NASA Act Space Act Agreement Cancellation of Man in Space Soonest Launch of Project Mercury Missile gap Launch of X-15 program
Kennedy space policy	Launch of the Mariner program Launch of the Gemini project Launch of the Apollo program "We choose to go to the Moon"
Johnson space policy	1967 Outer Space Treaty
Nixon space policy	Moon landing Extra-Terrestrial Exposure Law Launch of the Space Shuttle Program Skylab
Ford space policy	Apollo–Soyuz Launch of the Viking program
Carter space policy
Reagan space policy	Citizens' Advisory Council Strategy of Technology doctrine Strategic Defense Initiative Space Station Freedom proposal 1984 Space Act 1985 anti-satellite missile test Space Shuttle Challenger disaster Rogers Report Ride Report
George H. W. Bush space policy	Space Exploration Initiative 1990 Augustine Committee Hubble Space Telescope National Space Council
Clinton space policy	Faster, better, cheaper Gore–Chernomyrdin Commission ISS Shuttle–Mir program ISS programme Politics Launch of the Mars Exploration Program 1998 Space Act Decadal Planning Team Launch of the X-37 program
George W. Bush space policy	Aerospace Industry Commission 2002 National missile defense directive Space Shuttle Columbia disaster Vision for Space Exploration Aldridge Commission ESAS 2005 NASA Act Launch of the Constellation program Operation Burnt Frost
Obama space policy	2009 Augustine Committee Kennedy Space Center speech Cancellation of the Constellation program Launch of the Space Launch System program Redesign of the Orion program Flexible path Mars Exploration Joint Initiative 2010 NASA Act Title 51 Space Shuttle retirement Development of the Commercial Crew Program 2014 NASA Act 2015 Space Act
First Trump space policy	Re-establishment of the National Space Council Creation of the Space Force Launch of the Artemis program Launch of the Lunar Gateway project Executive Order 13959
China exclusion policy of NASA International Traffic in Arms Regulations Full-spectrum dominance doctrine Budget of NASA House Committee on Space NESDIS Office of Space Commerce FCC FAA/AST NRO IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society Antennas & Propagation Society Broadcast Technology Society Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society Vehicular Technology Society

USSR and Russia

Soviet
space
program

Stalin	Operation Osoaviakhim (1946) list of scientists
Khrushchev	Sputnik program Sputnik crisis (1957) Vostok program (1960–1963) Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (1960–1982) Soviet crewed lunar programs (1961–1976) Voskhod program (1964–1966)
Brezhnev	Soyuz program (1967–) Interkosmos (1967–1991) Salyut program (1971–1986) Almaz (1973–1977) Buran program (1974–1993) Apollo–Soyuz (1975)
Gorbachev	Mir (1986–2001)

Roscosmos

Yeltsin	Gore–Chernomyrdin Commission ISS (1993–) Shuttle–Mir program ISS programme Politics
Medvedev	Medvedev modernisation programme 2010 Military doctrine
Putin	United Rocket and Space Corporation (2013–2015) 2014 Military doctrine 2015 Creation of Roscosmos Mars MARS-500 study ExoMars

Other policies

United Nations

Other intergovernmental
or inter-agency bodies

Space law

Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963)
Outer Space Treaty (1967)
Rescue Agreement (1968)
Space Liability Convention (1972)
US-USSR Cooperation Agreement (1972)
Satellite Convention (1974)
Registration Convention (1975)
Bogota Declaration (1976)
Moon Treaty (1979)
Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (1981)
International Cospas-Sarsat Programme Agreement (1988)
International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (1998)
International Docking System Standard
International Charter 'Space and Major Disasters' (1999)
Cape Town Treaty, Space Assets protocol (2012)
Artemis Accords (2020)
Space jurisdiction
Common heritage of mankind
Extraterrestrial real estate
Astronomical naming conventions
ITU Radio Regulations
CCSDS standards
ODCWG standards
CEOS standards
COSPAR standards
- International Designator
- IPDA standards
GSC standards
GEO standards
ISECG standards
Various conventions, treaties, agreements, memorandums, charters or declarations establishing and governing intergovernmental organisations or inter-agency bodies dealing with space affairs

Commercial use

Militarisation

Space forces, units and formations	Space forces Australia Brazil Canada China Colombia France Germany Iran AJA IRGC Israel Japan Netherlands New Zealand North Korea Pakistan Russia South Korea Spain Thailand Turkey United Kingdom United States History Structure Vietnam Ranks and insignia Space commands France India Italy NATO NORAD United Kingdom United States
Space warfare	Space domain awareness Space weapon Anti-satellite weapon China India Russia United States Kinetic bombardment Kill vehicle Missile defense Military satellite Reconnaissance satellite Spaceplane Satellite jamming

Space advocacy

Public-sector space agencies

Africa

Pan-African and pan-Arab	RASCOM Arabsat
National	ASAL EgSA NARSS ESSTI GSSTC KSA NASRDA SANSA

Americas

North America	CSA NASA NESDIS OSC FAA/AST FCC USSF USSPACECOM NRO
Latin America and the Caribbean	ALCE AEM CONAE ABE AEB DCTA INPE ITA CCE ABAE IVIC

Asia

Pan-Asian	APSCO
Central Asia	KazCosmos¹ Roscosmos¹ SRI VK TNSA¹
East Asia	CNSA SASTIND CASC CALT CAST CCF CGWIC PLAASF CASIC JAXA ISAS JSS NICT NATA KASA KARI KASI SaTReC TASA
South Asia	SPARRSO ISRO² Antrix Corp DoS NRSC NSIL DSA SUPARCO
Southeast Asia	BRIN ORPA INASA MYSA PhilSA SSTL GISTDA VNSC
West Asia	ArmCosmos¹ MAKA¹ NSSA NEHSA ISA ISRC ISA NCSR SSA KACST-SRI SSA² GORS TUA TÜBİTAK UZAY UAESA (MBRSC)

Europe

Pan-European	CEN/CENELEC CEPT ETSI Eurocontrol ECAC ESA ECSS ESTEC EAC ESRIN ECSAT ESAC ESOC ESTRACK Guiana Space Centre EUMETSAT EUTELSAT IGO ESO
EU and EEA	DG DEFIS EUSPA EU SatCen EASA BEREC ALR² BELSPO BIRA-IASB SRTI² CSO² DTU Space ESO¹ CNES² AAE CdE DLR² HSA HSO² ASI LSA LSO¹ SRON NSO NOSA POLSA² CBK PAN UKE KRRiT ORO ULC PTSPACE ROSA² INTA AEC EAE AEE SNSA
Other	ArmCosmos¹ MAKA¹ BSA¹ KazCosmos¹ Roscosmos¹ SRI VVKO SSO TUA TÜBİTAK UZAY SSAU¹ UKSA²

Oceania

ASA
- CSIRO
NZSA

World

Former

See also: Timeline of first orbital launches by country
¹ Preceded by the Soviet space program
² Preceded by Interkosmos participation

v t e WIPO-Administered Treaties
Intellectual Property protection treaties	Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works Brussels Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite Design Law Treaty Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods Marrakesh VIP Treaty Nairobi Treaty on the Protection of the Olympic Symbol Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property Patent Law Treaty Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations Washington Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits Trademark Law Treaty Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks WIPO Copyright Treaty WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
Global protection system treaties	Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks Patent Cooperation Treaty
Treaties against biopiracy and misappropriation	WIPO Treaty on Intellectual Property, Genetic Resources and Associated Traditional Knowledge
Classification treaties	Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks Strasbourg Agreement Concerning the International Patent Classification Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks

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Categories:

Hidden categories:

Provisions

Membership

List of parties

See also

External links

References