Crested quetzal

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Crested quetzal


Voice
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Trogoniformes
Family:	Trogonidae
Genus:	Pharomachrus
Species:	P. antisianus
Binomial name
*Pharomachrus antisianus* (D'Orbigny, 1837)

Synonyms
Trogon antisianus D'Orbigny

The crested quetzal /ketSAHL/ (Pharomachrus antisianus) is a species of bird in the family Trogonidae native to South America, where it is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Taxonomy

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French naturalist Alcide d'Orbigny described the crested quetzal in 1837 as Trogon antisianus. The species name is derived from Antis, a Latinised version of the Andes, ultimately from anti, an Incan word for copper.^[2] It is closely related to the resplendent quetzal (P. mocinno).^[3]

It is one of five species of the genus Pharomachrus known as quetzals. The term "quetzal" was originally used for just the resplendent quetzal, but is now applied to all members of the genera Pharomachrus and Euptilotis.

Description

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Adult birds are 33–34 cm (13–13+1⁄2 in) long. The head and upperparts of the adult male are metallic green, while its breast and belly are red. Alone among the quetzals, the male has a short crest above its short bill, which is orange.^[4] The vent is white. Females have brown heads and upper breast and no crest.^[3]

Distribution and habitat

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The crested quetzal is found along the Andes from Bolivia through Ecuador, Peru and Colombia to Venezuela, in pristine and mature second-growth forest from 1,200–3,000 m (4,000–10,000 ft) in altitude.^[3] It has been rated as least concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as it has a large range and its population appears to be stable.^[1]

Feeding

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The crested quetzal is frugivorous.^[3] Adults raising young also catch more nutritious prey such as arthropods and small vertebrates; one such item recorded was the glassfrog species Hyalinobatrachium pallidum.^[5]

References

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^ ^a ^b BirdLife International (2016). "Pharomachrus antisianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22682732A92958726. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682732A92958726.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 9781408133262.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Johnson, Andy (2010). "Pharomachrus antisianus". Neotropical Birds online. Ithaca, New York: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
^ Collar, N. (2014). "Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus)". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions.
^ Quiroga-Carmona, Marcial Ramón (2014). "Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus) preying on a Glassfrog (Anura, Centrolenidae) in Sierra de Perijá, northwestern Venezuela". Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia. 22 (4): 419–421. doi:10.1007/BF03544279.

Trogons (order: Trogoniformes · family: Trogonidae)
Genus	Species
Apaloderma	Narina trogon Bare-cheeked trogon Bar-tailed trogon
Apalharpactes	Javan trogon Sumatran trogon
Harpactes	Malabar trogon Red-naped trogon Diard's trogon Philippine trogon Whitehead's trogon Cinnamon-rumped trogon Scarlet-rumped trogon Red-headed trogon Orange-breasted trogon Ward's trogon
Priotelus	Cuban trogon Hispaniolan trogon
Trogon	Black-headed trogon Citreoline trogon White-tailed trogon Baird's trogon Guianan trogon Amazonian trogon Gartered trogon Mountain trogon White-eyed trogon Collared trogon Elegant trogon Orange-bellied trogon Masked trogon Black-throated trogon Amazonian Atlantic Choco Northern Surucua trogon Northern Surucua trogon Blue-crowned trogon Black-tailed trogon Green-backed trogon Ecuadorian trogon Slaty-tailed trogon Lattice-tailed trogon
Euptilotis	Eared quetzal
Pharomachrus	Resplendent quetzal Crested quetzal White-tipped quetzal Golden-headed quetzal Pavonine quetzal

Taxon identifiers
Pharomachrus antisianus	Wikidata: Q1262480 Wikispecies: Pharomachrus antisianus ADW: Pharomachrus_antisianus Avibase: A968CFA781C7C5C0 BirdLife: 22682732 BOW: creque1 CoL: 4FVGX eBird: creque1 EoL: 1178440 GBIF: 2496719 iNaturalist: 20852 IRMNG: 11161133 ITIS: 554485 IUCN: 22682732 NCBI: 57430 Neotropical: creque1 Observation.org: 71002 Open Tree of Life: 412119 Xeno-canto: Pharomachrus-antisianus

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