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Crystal Mover - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A Crystal Mover (C810D) testing on the Sengkang LRT line
Skytrain departing Terminal 3 station at Singapore Changi Airport

The Crystal Mover is a rubber-tired automated people mover (APM) system for airport and urban rail transit applications manufactured at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Mihara Machinery Works[1] in Mihara, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The Crystal Mover, initially based on the Japanese APM standard, is used in automated guideway transit (AGT) systems in China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Since 2010s, MHI has been building and delivering a new family of AGT systems branded Urbanismo as the successor to the Crystal Mover. The Urbanismo family consists of a higher-speed model called "Urbanismo Super AGT" with a top speed of 120 km/h and three customizable models called "Urbanismo-22", "Urbanismo-18", and "Urbanismo-16" with a gross weight of over 22, 18, and 16 tonnes, respectively.[2]

Urban rail systems

Japan

See also: List of urban rail systems in Japan
Yurikamome 7500 series EMU based on the Urbanismo-18 class (November 2018)
New Shuttle 2020 series EMU based on the Urbanismo-16 class (February 2016)

Between 2014 and 2016, Yurikamome, Inc., which operates the Yurikamome line in Tokyo, purchased a fleet of 18 six-car 7300 series trainsets based on the Urbanismo-18 class[2][3] to replace all of the 18 six-car 7000 series trainsets.[4][5] Between June 2018 and June 2020, MHI also delivered 8 six-car 7500 series (upgraded version of 7300 series) trainsets to replace the fleet of 7200 series trainsets.[6]

Saitama New Urban Transit Co., Ltd., which operates the New Shuttle in Saitama Prefecture, purchased a fleet of 5 six-car 2020 series trainsets based on the Urbanismo-16 class[2] to replace the fleet of 3 six-car 1010 series trainsets and 2 six-car 1050 series trainsets from 2015 to 2020.[7][8][9]

In Hiroshima, Hiroshima Rapid Transit purchased 24 six-car 7000 series trainsets based on the Urbanismo class to replace the existing fleet of 23 six-car 6000 series trainsets and 1 six-car 1000 series trainset running on the Astram Line. The 7000 series entered service on 26 March 2020.[10]

The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation purchased a fleet of 12 five-car 330 series trainsets, which are similar in design to the Yurikamome 7300 series trainsets, to replace the fleet of 300 series trainsets running on the Nippori-Toneri Liner from fiscal 2022 to 2024.[11][12]

On 22 January 2025, MHI received an order from Seibu Railway for 3 four-car trainsets to replace the Seibu 8500 series [ja].[13][14] Designated as the Seibu L00 series, the first of these sets is expected to enter service on the Seibu Yamaguchi Line in March 2026, boosting capacity to carry passengers to two leisure facilities operated by the Seibu Group: Belluna Dome and Seibu Amusement Park. [14][15]

Singapore

In Singapore, Crystal Movers operate on the Sengkang LRT line and the Punggol LRT line, both managed by SBS Transit Ltd. These cars have been operating since 2003 on the Sengkang LRT and on the Punggol LRT since its opening in 2005. There is a fleet of 41 cars of Mitsubishi Crystal Mover Contract 810 in total for the two LRT lines.[16][17] An additional order was placed for 16 more cars under Contract 810A with identical specifications to increase capacity on both LRT lines, with all trains delivered by 2016.[16]

On 5 February 2021, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) announced that it has purchased 17 two-car C810D trains for the Sengkang and Punggol LRT systems, which will replace the 25 existing one-car C810 trains.[18] In May 2023, the LTA ordered an additional 8 C810D trains, which will replace the 8 existing two-car C810 trains.[19] This brings the total number of C810D trains ordered to 25, and the total fleet to 33 trains, comprised two-car C810A and C810D trainsets. The first C810D train arrived in Singapore on 23 November 2024 and entered passenger service on 15 July 2025,[20] while the remaining 23 trainsets will arrive progressively and enter passenger service from Q3 2025 until the end of 2028.[21] All trains will undergo testing and commissioning works before entering passenger service.

Macau

Urbanismo-22 vehicles operating on the Macau light rail system opened in 2019

On 31 December 2010, Macau placed a MOP 4.688 billion order for Urbanismo-22 vehicles nicknamed "Ocean Cruiser"[2][3] for the Macau Light Transit System, which started commercial operation on 10 December 2019. It was free of charge until 31 January 2020.[22]

Airport connections

AeroTrain at the Washington Dulles International Airport is a Crystal Mover system.

Crystal Movers are currently in operation in the following airports, with most applications being in the United States:[23]

Hong Kong

Singapore

South Korea

United Arab Emirates

United States

Specifications

Logo of Crystal Mover

Original C810

The specifications of an example configuration of the original Crystal Mover were given as:[28]

  • Configuration: Single- or double-car
  • Capacity (passengers): 105 (including 18 seats[citation needed]) or 210 (including 36 seats)
  • Vehicle mass: 14.9 t (14.7 long tons; 16.4 short tons) per vehicle
  • Vehicle dimensions (L × W × H): 11.20 m × 2.69 m × 3.615 m (36 ft 8.9 in × 8 ft 9.9 in × 11 ft 10.3 in)
  • Guide system: Side guide two-axis four-wheel steering system
  • Electric system: Third rail at 750 volts direct current
  • Gauge: 1,850 mm (6 ft 27⁄32 in); guide rail span: 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)
  • Maximum speed:
  • Service acceleration and braking: 1.0 m/s2 (3.3 ft/s2; 3.6 km/(h⋅s))
  • Emergency braking: 1.3 m/s2 (4.3 ft/s2; 4.7 km/(h⋅s))
  • Car body structure: Aluminum alloy welded structure
  • Traction motor: Two 3-phase alternating current induction motors each with a continuous rating of 80 kW (110 hp)
  • Propulsion control system: IGBT–VVVF inverter vector control (individual control of each axis with variable load control)
  • Brake system: Electric command pneumatic brake with regenerative brake (with stand-by brake, parking brake, variable load control and wheel slide prevention control)

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Crystal Mover.

Competing systems:

Notes

  1. ^ C parking terminal and gates 1-59 only, gates 70-129 are served by Bombardier CX-100 shuttles.

References

  1. ^ "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Global Website | Mihara Machinery Works". Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Global Website | Transportation". Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  3. ^ a b "マカオに登場｢ゆりかもめの兄弟｣新交通の実力". 東洋経済オンライン (in Japanese). 30 December 2019. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  4. ^ "三菱重工、ゆりかもめの新型108両を受注". レスポンス（Response.jp） (in Japanese). 11 June 2010. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  5. ^ "三菱重工 | 新交通ゆりかもめ向け 全自動無人運転車両（AGT）48両を受注". 三菱重工 (in Japanese). 23 September 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  6. ^ "新交通ゆりかもめ向け 全自動無人運転車両（AGT）48両を受注 2020年に向けて納入" [Order received for 48 AGT vehicles for Yurikamome to be delivered by 2020]. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (in Japanese). Japan. 23 September 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  7. ^ ニューシャトル2020系23編成が営業運転を開始 Archived 17 April 2019 at the Wayback Machine - 鉄道ファン・railf.jp 鉄道ニュース、2016年6月28日
  8. ^ 三菱重工エンジニアリング,ニューシャトル2020系を追加納入 - 鉄道ファン 2019年2月12日掲載
  9. ^ 2020系　第5弾目の25（にいごう）編成がデビューします - 埼玉新都市交通 2020年02月18日
  10. ^ "広島高速交通｜地下鉄車両ガイド｜日本地下鉄協会". www.jametro.or.jp. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  11. ^ "「日暮里・舎人ライナー」車両の更新を進めます～6月25日から運行開始～". 東京都交通局 (in Japanese). 23 June 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  12. ^ 東京都交通局から日暮里・舎人ライナーの新型車両を12編成（60両）受注 三菱重工エンジニアリング、更新で混雑緩和等に貢献へ Archived 1 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine 三菱重工業プレス・インフォメーション（2020年6月16日）2020年6月17日閲覧。
  13. ^ "8500系の後継として山口線（レオライナー）に新型車両を導入します" [New trains will be introduced on the Yamaguchi Line (Leo Liner) as successors to the 8500 series]. Seibu Railway WEB (in Japanese). 22 January 2025. Retrieved 22 January 2025.
  14. ^ a b "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Global Website | MHI Receives Order for 3 New Series Trainsets (12 Cars) for Seibu Railway's Yamaguchi Line-- First Upgrade in 40 Years Will Boost Passenger Capacity and Convenience --". Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 22 January 2025. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
  15. ^ "西武山口線，新形レオライナー「L00系」の第1編成が2026年3月にデビュー" [First train of new Seibu Yamaguchi Line Leoliner "L00 series" to debut in March 2026]. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 19 November 2025. Retrieved 19 November 2025.
  16. ^ a b "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Mitsubishi Corporation Receive Order for Design, Manufacture, Installation and Commissioning of Singapore Light Rapid Transit Capacity Expansion – Vehicles and Electrical and Mechanical Systems for Sengkang and Punggol LRT Systems (C810A)". 22 May 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
  17. ^ "Mitsubishi Crystal Mover". SGTrains. Archived from the original on 6 March 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
  18. ^ "Sengkang-Punggol LRT to get 17 new two-car trains to boost capacity". CNA. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  19. ^ "8 new two-carriage trains to be added to Sengkang-Punggol LRT line". The Straits Times. 9 May 2023. ISSN 0585-3923. Retrieved 2 October 2025.
  20. ^ "New two-car trains begin service on Sengkang-Punggol LRT Line". CNA. 19 July 2025. Retrieved 15 July 2025.
  21. ^ "Sengkang-Punggol LRT to get 15.8 per cent capacity boost with new trains". The Straits Times. 15 July 2025. ISSN 0585-3923. Retrieved 2 October 2025.
  22. ^ Mitsubishi wins LRT tender Archived 4 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Global Website | Transportation achievements". Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  24. ^ "Washington Dulles International Airport Renews and Extends AeroTrain Operations and Maintenance Contract with Crystal Mover Services, Inc" (Press release). 1 December 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  25. ^ a b c "A Look at America's Airport Automated People Mover Addiction". 27 August 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  26. ^ "Terminal-Gate Shuttle Replacement". Orlando International Airport. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  27. ^ "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America's "Crystal Mover" APM System Begins Operations at Tampa International Airport" (Press release). 8 February 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  28. ^ "New Product: Automated People Mover "Crystal Mover" Series" (PDF). Machinery Headquarters, Transportation Systems Department. Technical Review. 40 (3). Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. June 2003. Retrieved 6 September 2025.

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