Dubautia latifolia

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Dubautia latifolia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dubautia latifolia
Conservation status
Critically Imperiled (NatureServe)^[1]
Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1)^[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Dubautia
Species:	D. latifolia
Binomial name
*Dubautia latifolia* (A.Gray) D.D.Keck

Dubautia latifolia is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name koholapehu. It is endemic to Hawaii where it is known only from the west side of the island of Kauai. Like other Dubautia this plant is called na`ena`e.^[3]

Distribution

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Dubautia latifolia, a member of the silversword alliance, grows in scattered locations in the moist and wet forests near Waimea Canyon on Kauai. The habitat receives up to 190 centimeters of precipitation annually.^[4] The forest is dominated by koa (Acacia koa), ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) and uluhe (Dicranopteris linearis). It is found in the Kokee area of northwestern Kauai, which is found in Kokee State Park. It grows at elevations from 3,200 to 3,900 ft (960 to 1,170 m). It was first collected in 1840.^[5]

There are no more than 200 individuals remaining.^[6] There are about 18 occurrences, but most of these are made up of only one or two plants.^[1]

Description

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Dubautia latifolia is a liana which can exceed 8 metres (26 ft) in length.^[4]^[1] It climbs trees, reaching several meters up into the canopy.^[6] Blooming occurs in September through November,^[4]^[6] when the plant produces panicles of yellow flowers.^[1] The fruit is a cypsela, but could be mistaken for an achene.^[7]

Dubautia latifolia can be distinguished from other species in its genus by its vine growing habits, and having different petioles and net-veins of the leaves.^[5]

Conservation

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Dubautia latifolia was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1992.^[1]

The very low seed count in wild plants shows that there might be a reproduction problem. Seedlings and young plants are not commonly seen. Banana poka, an invasive vine, is one of the most dangerous species when it comes to Dubautia latifolia conservation. The vine kills D. latifolia trees by completely covering their canopies with heavy vines. It also faces threats from illegal marijuana cultivation, which not only destroys natural habitat, but also could further bring invasive species into the area.^[5]

Threats to this species and its habitat include feral pigs, feral goats, rats, and deer. Invasive plant species that threaten it include Santa Barbara daisy (Erigeron karvinskianus), kahili ginger (Hedychium spp.), lantana (Lantana camara), airplant (Kalanchoe pinnata) and firetree (Myrica faya). Conservation efforts include the collection of seeds and the planting of young plants in appropriate habitat.^[6]

References

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^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Dubautia latifolia. Archived 2002-11-23 at the Wayback Machine The Nature Conservancy.
^ "Na'ena'a". iucnredlist.org. February 8, 2016. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
^ USFWS. Species Reports: Listed Plants.
^ ^a ^b ^c Carr, G. D. Dubautia latifolia. Hawaiian Silverswords.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Na'ena'e (Dubautia latifolia) | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d USFWS. Dubautia latifolia Five-year Review. August, 2010.
^ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2023-09-01.

External links

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USDA Plants Profile for Dubautia latifolia

Taxon identifiers
Dubautia latifolia	Wikidata: Q5310657 Wikispecies: Dubautia latifolia CoL: 37YSS ECOS: 1070 EoL: 490966 GBIF: 3134897 GRIN: 319821 iNaturalist: 162136 IPNI: 202191-1 IRMNG: 11426332 ITIS: 38742 IUCN: 79866204 NatureServe: 2.133013 NCBI: 76686 Open Tree of Life: 357694 Plant List: gcc-118165 PLANTS: DULA3 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202191-1 Tropicos: 2709953 WFO: wfo-0000018785 WoRMS: 1107621

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