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Duke Huan of Wey - Wikipedia

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Duke Huan of Wey
衛桓公

Ruler of Wey

Reign

734 - 719 BC

Predecessor

Duke Zhuang I of Wey

Successor

Zhouyu

Died

719 BC

Names
Ancestral name: Ji (姬) Given name: He (完)

House

House of Ji

Father

Duke Zhuang I of Wey

Mother

Dai Gui [zh]

Duke Huan of Wey (Chinese: 衛桓公; pinyin: Wèi Huán Gōng, died 719 BC), personal name Ji Wan (姬完), was the 13th ruler of the state of Wey during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history.

Background

Prince Wan was born to Duke Zhuang I of Wey and his concubine Dai Gui [zh]. Dai Gui's elder sister, Li Gui [zh], was also one of his concubines; she had given birth to Count Xiao (孝伯), who had died young. After Dai Gui died, Duke Zhuang had Zhuang Jiang [zh], his principal wife who had no children, raise Prince Wan. It was then that Duke Zhuang made Prince Wan the crown prince.

Accession and Reign

Prince Wan succeeded his father upon his death in 735 BC.

In 733 BC, Duke Huan dismissed his younger brother Zhouyu of all his posts on account of his arrogance and extravagance. Zhouyu, who was greatly favored by his father Duke Zhuang, went into exile.

In 722 BC, Duke Huan went to Lu to attend the funeral of Duke Hui of Lu. In the same year, Gongshu Duan, younger brother of Duke Zhuang of Zheng, rebelled against him, but he was defeated and forced into exile. Prince Hua (滑), a son of Gongshu Duan, fled to Wey. Duke Huan, on behalf of Prince Hua, attacked Zheng, occupying the Zheng settlement of Linyan (廪延). Duke Zhuang of Zheng then launched multiple counterattacks against Wey: once in the same year, once in the next.

Death and Succession

In 719 BC, Zhouyu gathered his fellow Wey exiles and murdered Duke Huan. This was the first known case of regicide in the Spring and Autumn period.

Zhouyu then seized the throne for himself. Less than a year later, he was arrested in the neighboring state of Chen in a plot led by Wey Minister Shi Que [zh], sent back to Wey, and executed. Wey officials then invited Prince Jin (晉), Duke Huan and Zhouyu's younger brother who was then a political hostage in the neighboring state of Xing, back to Wey to take the throne. Prince Jin would become known as Duke Xuan of Wey.

Bibliography

Zuo Zhuan, Duke Yin
Shiji, vol. 14, 37
Durrant, Stephen; Li, Wai-yee; Schaberg, David (2016). Zuo Tradition/Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (1st ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 9780295999159.

v t e Monarchs of Wey state
Early period	Kang Shu Count Kang Count Kao Count Si Count Zhi Count Jing Count Zhen Count Qing Count Xi Count Gong
Spring and Autumn period	Duke Wu Duke Zhuang Duke Huan Zhouyu Duke Xuan Duke Hui Qianmou Duke Yi Duke Dai Duke Wen Duke Cheng Xia Duke Mu Duke Ding Duke Xian Duke Shang Duke Xiang Duke Ling Duke Chu
Warring States period	Duke Zhuang Banshi Qi Duke Dao Duke Jing Duke Zhao Duke Huai Duke Shen Duke Sheng Marquess Cheng Marquess Ping Lord Si Lord Huai Lord Yuan Jiao

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