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The E86 cluster bomb was an American biological cluster bomb first developed in 1951. Though the U.S. military intended to procure 6,000 E86s, the program was halted in the first half of the 1950s.

History

The E86 cluster bomb was developed as a biological weapon by the United States Army Chemical Corps and the United States Air Force beginning in October 1951.^[1] The Ralph M. Parsons Company was contracted to produce the E86 in October 1952.^[1] In 1953 procurement began for 6,000 E86 cluster bombs, with their production expected no earlier than 1958.^[2] When U.S. military munition requirements were reviewed in the first half of the 1950s, production and further development of the E86 was halted.^[2] The E86 cluster bomb supplanted technologies such as the E77 balloon bomb.^[2]

Specifications

The E86 was similar to the M115 biological bomb, except it was larger. While the M115 weighed 500 pounds (227 kg), the E86 was a 750-pound (340 kg) weapon.^[1] Regardless, operationally, the E86 was similar to the M115.^[1] It was designed as an anti-crop weapon;^[1] the U.S. biological weapons program produced three anti crop agents, wheat and rye stem rust and rice blast.^[3] The weapon was in a steel case and intended to be dropped from the exterior of an aircraft such as the B-47 or B-52.^[1] Sub-munitions included the E14 munition;^[4] the sub-munition was originally intended as anti-crop weapons as well, but was later altered and used in testing as the U.S. pursued an entomological warfare program.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Whitby, Simon M. Biological Warfare Against Crops, (Google Books), Macmillan, 2002, pp. 167-69, (ISBN 0333920856).
^ ^a ^b ^c Wheelis, Mark, et al. Deadly Cultures: Biological Weapons Since 1945, (Google Books), Harvard University Press, 2006, p. 218, (ISBN 0674016998).
^ Zilinskas, Raymond A. Biological Warfare: Modern Offense and Defense, (Google Books), Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, Colorado: 2000, p. 68, (ISBN 1555877613).
^ ^a ^b Kirby, Reid. "Using the flea as weapon Archived 2007-06-11 at the Wayback Machine", Army Chemical Review, July 2005, accessed December 28, 2008.

v t e United States biological weapons program
Weaponized agents	Anthrax Botulism Brucellosis Q fever Enterotoxin type B Rice blast Tularemia VEE Wheat stem rust
Researched agents	AHF BHF Bird flu CHIKV Dengue fever EEE Glanders Hantavirus Lassa fever Melioidosis VND Plague Potato blight Psittacosis Ricin RVF Rinderpest Smallpox Typhus WEE Yellow fever
Munitions	E120 bomblet E133 cluster bomb E14 munition E23 munition E48 particulate bomb E61 bomb E77 balloon bomb E86 cluster bomb E96 cluster bomb Flettner rotor bomblet M114 bomb M115 bomb M143 bomblet M33 cluster bomb
Operations and testing	Operation Sea-Spray Operation Big Buzz Operation Big Itch Operation Dark Winter Operation Dew Operation Drop Kick Operation LAC Operation Magic Sword Operation May Day Operation Polka Dot Operation Whitecoat Project 112 Project Bacchus
Facilities	U.S. Army Biological Warfare Labs Building 101 Building 257 Building 470 Deseret Test Center Dugway Proving Ground Fort Detrick Fort Douglas Fort Terry Granite Peak Installation Horn Island Testing Station One-Million-Liter Test Sphere Pine Bluff Arsenal Plum Island Animal Disease Center Vigo Ordnance Plant
Related topics	Biological agent Biological warfare Entomological warfare Soviet biological weapons program Korean War bio-warfare allegations List of topics U.S. biological weapons program U.S. biological defense program U.S. bio-weapons ban War Bureau of Consultants War Research Service

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History

Specifications

See also

References