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  2. Operation Althea - Wikipedia
Operation Althea - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from EUFOR Althea)
Military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina
New emblem adopted in March 2017
Also known asEUFOR, Operation Althea
Military leader Major General Maurizio Fronda
Political leader European Union
Dates of operation2 December 2004 (2004-12-02) – present
Allegiance European Union
MotivesSuccessful implementation of the Dayton Agreement
Size1100 members
Warsthe Dayton Agreement
ColoursBlue, white, and yellow
Preceded by
SFOR

Operation Althea, formally the European Union Force Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR), is a military deployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina to oversee the military implementation of the Dayton Agreement.[1] It is the successor to NATO's SFOR and IFOR. The transition from SFOR to EUFOR was largely a change of name and commanders: 80% of the troops remained in place.[2] It replaced SFOR on 2 December 2004.

General aspects

[edit]
Symbol of EUFOR Althea, exhibited in Bratislava Castle

Civilian implementation of the Dayton Agreement is enforced by the Office of the High Representative.

As of January 2026, EUFOR's commander is Major General Maurizio Fronda of Italy. For this mission, the European Union Military Staff is using NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) as the EU's Operational Headquarters (OHQ) and is working through the Deputy to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, a European officer.

EUFOR assumed all the missions of SFOR, except for the hunt for individuals indicted by the war crimes tribunal, notably Radovan Karadžić, former leader of Republika Srpska, and Ratko Mladić, their former military leader, which remained a mission for NATO[2] through NATO Headquarters Sarajevo.[3] EUFOR does have police duties against organised crime, which is believed to be linked to suspected war criminals.[4] It worked with the European Union Police Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUPM) and with the Bosnian Police. The European Union Special Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina provides political guidance on military issues with a local political dimension to the EUFOR.

A total of 25 countries, including EU Member States and non-EU Troop Contributing Countries (TCC) are present within EUFOR. (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Moldova, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, and Turkey).[5]

On 18 December 2020, the United Kingdom marked the end of its 16-year contribution to EUFOR, following Brexit.[6]

As of early 2021, EUFOR personnel bases include:

  • Multinational Battalion is EUFOR's military maneuver unit for BiH, located at Camp Butmir, Sarajevo, and comprises troops from Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Romania, Albania and Türkiye.
  • 20 LOT Houses located throughout BiH to connect EUFOR to local communities and authorities. Houses are located in Cazin, Banja Luka (Romania) and Banja Luka (Slovenia), Brčko, Doboj, Drvar, Tuzla, Zavidovići, Travnik, Bratunac, Zenica, Vlasenica, Sarajevo, Livno, Jablanica, Višegrad, Foča, Mostar, Čapljina and Trebinje.[7]

Contributing states

[edit]

List of countries EUFOR Althea:[1]

Country EU NATO
Albania[8] No Yes
Austria[9] Yes No
Belgium Yes Yes
Bulgaria[10] Yes Yes
Chile[11] No No
Czech Republic[12] Yes Yes
Denmark Yes Yes
France[13] Yes Yes
Germany[14] Yes Yes
Greece[15] Yes Yes
Hungary[16] Yes Yes
Ireland[17] Yes No
Italy[18] Yes Yes
Moldova No No
Netherlands[19][20] Yes Yes
North Macedonia[21] No Yes
Poland[22] Yes Yes
Portugal Yes Yes
Romania[23] Yes Yes
Slovakia[24] Yes Yes
Slovenia[25] Yes Yes
Spain[26] Yes Yes
Sweden Yes Yes
 Switzerland[27] No No
Turkey[28] No Yes
25 19 20


Withdrawn
Country EU NATO Year of withdrawal
Estonia Yes Yes 2012
Finland Yes Yes 2018[29]
Luxembourg Yes Yes 2013
United Kingdom[30] No Yes 2020[31]

Commanders

[edit]
No. State Rank Name Tenure
1  United Kingdom Major general David Leakey 2 December 2004 – 6 December 2005
2  Italy Major general Gian Marco Chiarini 6 December 2005 – 5 December 2006
3  Germany Rear admiral Hans-Jochen Witthauer 5 December 2006 – 4 December 2007
4  Spain Major general Ignacio Martín Villalaín[32] 4 December 2007 – 4 December 2008
5  Italy Major general Stefano Castagnotto 4 December 2008 – 3 December 2009
6  Austria Major general Bernhard Bair 4 December 2009 – 6 December 2011
7  Austria Major general Robert Brieger 6 December 2011 – 3 December 2012
8  Austria Major general Dieter Heidecker 3 December 2012 – 17 December 2014
9  Austria Major general Johann Luif 17 December 2014 – 24 March 2016
10  Austria Major general Friedrich Schrötter 24 March 2016 – 28 March 2017
11  Austria Major general Anton Waldner 28 March 2017 – 28 March 2018
12  Austria Major general Martin Dorfer 28 March 2018 – 26 June 2019
13  Austria Major general Reinhard Trischak 26 June 2019 – 14 January 2021
14  Austria Major general Alexander Platzer 14 January 2021 – 20 January 2022
15  Austria Major general Anton Wessely 20 January 2022 – 18 January 2023
16  Austria Major general Helmut Habermayer 18 January 2023 – 22 January 2024
17  Hungary Major general László Sticz 22 January 2024 – 21 January 2025
18  Romania Major general Florin-Marian Barbu 21 January 2025 - 21 January 2026
19  Italy Major general Maurizio Fronda 21 January 2026 – present

See also

[edit]
  • flagEuropean Union portal
  • Military of the European Union
  • European Union rapid reaction mechanism
  • Common Security and Defence Policy
  • European Union Military Operation in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "European Union Force in BiH - Mission Background". www.euforbih.org. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
  2. ^ a b "EU troops prepare for Bosnia swap". BBC. 23 October 2004.
  3. ^ "Allied Joint Force Command Naples". Archived from the original on 2007-11-23. Retrieved 2007-12-05.
  4. ^ Evans, Michael (29 November 2004). "EU force to take on pimps, drug barons and smugglers". The Times. Archived from the original on January 3, 2006. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
  5. ^ "EUFOR Fact Sheet – Countries of EUFOR". EUFOR. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
  6. ^ "European Union Force in BiH – United Kingdom ends contribution to EU Mission". www.euforbih.org. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  7. ^ "European Union Force in BiH - EUFOR LOT Houses". euforbih.org. Archived from the original on 2024-05-15. Retrieved 2024-05-15.
  8. ^ Albania sends troops to EU’s peacekeeping mission in Bosnia, retrieved 04 February 2025.
  9. ^ Einsatzzahlen österreichischen Streitkräfte Archived 2015-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 28 March 2018.
  10. ^ Einsatzzahlen bulgarische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  11. ^ Einsatzzahlen chilenische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  12. ^ "Česko poslalo vojáky do Bosny. V době rostoucího napětí posílí misi EUFOR". 12 March 2025.
  13. ^ Wolska, Anna (2024-04-12). "Po NATO teraz UE zwiększy swoją wojskową obecność w Bośni i Hercegowinie". www.euractiv.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-08-09.
  14. ^ "EUFOR Althea: Bundeswehr trägt weiter zu Frieden und Stabilität bei". www.bmvg.de (in German). 2024-05-11. Retrieved 2024-05-15.
  15. ^ Einsatzzahlen griechische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  16. ^ Einsatzzahlen ungarische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  17. ^ "Overseas Deployments". www.military.ie. Retrieved 2024-08-09.
  18. ^ Einsatzzahlen italienische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  19. ^ "A look at the Defence news 2 – 8 October - News item - Defensie.nl". english.defensie.nl. 2023-10-11. Retrieved 2024-08-09.
  20. ^ "Netherlands to deploy 160 soldiers for peacekeeping mission in Bosnia". anews. Retrieved 2024-08-09.
  21. ^ http://www.euforbih.org/eufor/index.php/eufor-news/latest-news/2071-visit-to-eufor-by-minister-of-defence-of-former-yugoslav-republic-of-macedonia-fyrom Archived 2024-05-05 at the Wayback Machine Einsatzzahlen mazedonische Streitkräfte
  22. ^ Einsatzzahlen polnische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  23. ^ "Einsatzzahlen rumänische Streitkräfte". Archived from the original on February 18, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2024., retrieved 28 September 2016.
  24. ^ Einsatzzahlen slowakische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  25. ^ Einsatzzahlen slowenische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  26. ^ Einsatzzahlen spanische Streitkräfte, retrieved 14 March 2017.
  27. ^ "Einsatzzahlen Schweizer Streitkräfte" (PDF). Archived from the original on September 27, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link), Swiss Peace Support, retrieved 28 September 2016.
  28. ^ Einsatzzahlen türkische Streitkräfte, retrieved 28 March 2018.
  29. ^ "Finland discontinues its participation in the EUFOR ALTHEA operation". maavoimat.fi. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  30. ^ "Ministry of Defence Sarajevo - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2014-06-13.
  31. ^ "European Union Force in BiH – United Kingdom ends contribution to EU Mission". www.euforbih.org. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 2024-06-18.
  32. ^ "EUFOR change of command ceremony". Archived from the original on 2017-09-28. Retrieved 2007-12-05.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Le Monde (in French)
  • EU military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Operation EUFOR ALTHEA)
  • Dominik Tolksdorf The Difficulties of the European Union in Supporting the Europeanization of Bosnia and Herzegovina[permanent dead link] EU Frontier Policy Paper, Budapest: Center for EU Enlargement Studies – Central European University, 2011

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to EUFOR Althea.
  • Official EUFOR website
  • The Council of the European Union's page on EUFOR-Althea Archived 2017-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  • The European Union Special Representative (EUSR) for Bosnia and Herzegovina Archived 2008-12-29 at the Wayback Machine
  • the European Commission's Delegation to Bosnia & Herzegovina
  • Swiss Military Department EUFOR page (in French)
  • v
  • t
  • e
Overseas interventions of the European Union1
See also: Operations of the European Border and Coast Guard · Exercises of the Western Union · Operations of the European Maritime Force · Operations of the European Rapid Operational Force · Missions of the European Gendarmerie Force · Exercises of the European Maritime Force · Operations of the European Corps
Military operations
[Ground] force (EUFOR)
  • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (Operation Concordia, 2003)
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo (Operation Artemis, 2003)
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina (Operation Althea, 2004–present)
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006)
  • Chad and the Central African Republic (2008–2009)
  • Central African Republic (2014–2015)
Naval force (EUNAVFOR)
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1: Conducted by the Western European Union prior to 2003. These missions were not named using conventional prefixes such as EUFOR, EUNAVFOR etc.
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