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Eagle Diamond - Wikipedia

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Eagle Diamond
Five views of the Eagle Diamond
Type of stone	Diamond
Weight	16 carats (3.2 g)
Country of origin	United States
Mine of origin	Eagle, Wisconsin hillside
Discovered	1876

The Eagle Diamond is a gemstone discovered in Eagle, Wisconsin in 1876 that was about 16 carats. It was found on a hillside about 30 feet below the surface in glacial till while digging a well.^[1] It was one of more than a dozen rare gems stolen in a heist from the American Museum of Natural History in 1964 and remains missing to this day.^[2]

History

The stone was originally discovered by workers hired by Samuel Wood of Eagle, Wisconsin to dig a well on the hill where the current water tower stands. It was described as being located under 25 feet of loose gravel, followed by four feet of clay, inside a six feet thick layer of yellow "matrix" consisting of gravel or clay cemented by oxide of iron. ^[1] At that time, none knew it was in fact a valuable diamond. Eventually it came into the possession of Samuel Wood's wife, Clarissa Wood.^[3] Meanwhile, Boynton leased the area that the diamond was found and under the pretext of chicken farming he built privacy fences and mined the hillside for additional diamonds. After several years of fruitless digging, he spread inferior gems in the area to attract investors for his Eagle Diamond-Mining Company. ^[4]

According to court testimony provided by Ms. Wood, in September or October of 1883, she went to Samuel B. Boynton, a jeweler in Milwaukee, to have a pin mended. As she was paying for the repair, Wood asked Boynton what he thought of the stone. Wood told Boynton she had been told it was a topaz. Boynton, said it might be, and offered to buy it for one dollar. Wood declined Boynton's offer and left. About two months later, Wood, needing money, returned to Boynton's shop and sold it to him for the one dollar he had previously offered.^[5]

Boynton took the stone to Chicago to be appraised, where he discovered it was a diamond worth $700.^[4] When Wood learned of the appraisal, she attempted to buy the stone back from Boynton for one dollar, plus ten cents interest. When Boynton refused her offer, Wood sued unsuccessfully to have it returned to her in a case that was ultimately decided by the Wisconsin Supreme Court.^[5]

Eventually, Boynton sold the diamond to Tiffany's in New York City for $850^[6] ($20,500 in 2020). It remained at Tiffany’s until World War I.^{[citation needed]} Later, J.P. Morgan bought the diamond, and presented it as a gift to the American Museum of Natural History, in New York City, of which he was a benefactor. It was displayed in the J.P. Morgan Memorial Hall along with the Star of India and the DeLong Star Ruby until October 29, 1964 when it was stolen, by Jack "Murph the Surf" Murphy and his two accomplices, Allen Kuhn and Roger Clark. The diamond has never been recovered and is thought to have been cut into smaller stones.^[7]^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b Haight, Theron (1907). Memoirs of Waukesha County. Madison, Wisconsin: Western Historical Association. pp. 44–45.
^ Kilgannon, Corey (2019-10-17). "How a Band of Surfer Dudes Pulled Off the Biggest Jewel Heist in N.Y. History". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
^ "kimberlites". project.geo.msu.edu. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
^ ^a ^b "Eagle Diamond". Wisconsin Historical Society. 2012-08-03. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
^ ^a ^b Supreme Court of Wisconsin (1885-10-13). "WOOD v. Boynton" (PDF). University of Wisconsin. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
^ "Murph the Surf and The Eagle Diamond". flasputnik. 4 March 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
^ Macaulay, Stewart; Kidwell, John; Whitford, William C. (2003). Contracts: Law in Action : the Concise Course. LexisNexis. p. 1018. ISBN 978-0-8205-5716-8.
^ "Minerals and Gems". American Museum of Natural History. Archived from the original on 2021-01-22.

External links

The AMNH Gem and Mineral Collection
Pathmarking case of Wood v. Boynton^{[permanent dead link‍]} resulting when Clarissa Wood sought to recover the stone

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