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Emperor Shijō - Wikipedia

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Emperor Shijō
四条天皇

Shijō, Tenshi Sekkan Miei

Emperor of Japan

Reign

November 17, 1232 – February 10, 1242

Enthronement

January 16, 1233

Predecessor

Go-Horikawa

Successor

Go-Saga

Shōgun

Kujō Yoritsune

Born

March 17, 1231

Died

February 10, 1242 (aged 10)

Burial

Tsukinowa no Misasagi (月輪陵) (Kyoto)

Posthumous name
Tsuigō: Emperor Shijō (四条院 or 四条天皇)

House

Imperial House of Japan

Father

Emperor Go-Horikawa

Mother

Kujō Shunshi

Emperor Shijō (四条天皇, Shijō-tennō) (March 17, 1231 – February 10, 1242) was the 87th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years 1232 through 1242.^[1]

Genealogy

Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina) was Mitsuhito-shinnō (秀仁親王),^[2] also known as Tosihito-shinnō.^[3]

He was the first son of Emperor Go-Horikawa.^[4]

Consort: Kujō Genshi (九条彦子; 1227–1262) later Nishinomon’in (宣仁門院), Kujō Norizane’s daughter

He had no children, due to his youth at the time of his death.

Events of Shijō's life

He reigned from October 26, 1232, to February 10, 1242.

1232 (Jōei 1, 11th month): In the 11th year of Emperor Go-Horikawa's reign (後堀河天皇十一年), he abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his oldest son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Shijō is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).^[5]

Emperor Shijō died from an accident in 1242. His Imperial tomb (misasagi) is at Sennyū-ji in the Nochi no Tsukinowa no Higashiyama no misasagi (後月輪東山陵).^[6]

As the Emperor was very young, and the Retired Emperor Go-Horikawa died just two years later, most of the actual leadership was held by his maternal relatives Kujō Michiie and Saionji Kintsune.

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Shijō's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Sesshō, Kujō Norizane, 1231–1232
Sesshō, Kujō Norizane, 1232–1235
Sesshō, Kujō Michiie, 1235–1237
Sesshō, Konoe Kanetsune, 1237–1242
Sadaijin
Udaijin
Nadaijin
Dainagon

Eras of Shijō's reign

The years of Shijō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.^[7]

Jōei (1232–1234)
Tenpuku (1233–1234)
Bunryaku (1234–1235)
Katei (1235–1238)
Ryakunin (1238–1239)
En'ō (1239–1240)
Ninji (1240–1243)

Notes

^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 242–245; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 227.
^ Varley, p. 227.
^ Titsingh, pp. 241–242.
^ Titsingh, p. 242; Varley, p. 227.
^ Titsingh, p. 241-242; Varley, p. 44; n.b., a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
^ Sennyū-ji: official English web page; Archived 2008-09-16 at the Wayback Machine images of front of Imperial mausoleum enclosure.
^ Titsingh, p. 242.

References

Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887
Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
Varley, H. Paul, ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki (A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4)

Regnal titles
Preceded by Emperor Go-Horikawa	Emperor of Japan: Shijō 1232–1242	Succeeded by Emperor Go-Saga

Emperors of Japan (list)

Legendary

Jōmon

660 BC–291 BC	Jimmu Suizei Annei Itoku Kōshō Kōan

Yayoi

290 BC–269 AD	Kōrei Kōgen Kaika Sujin Suinin Keikō Seimu Chūai Jingū^*

Yamato

Kofun

269–539	Ōjin Nintoku Richū Hanzei Ingyō Ankō Yūryaku Seinei Kenzō Ninken Buretsu Keitai Ankan Senka

Asuka

539–710	Kinmei Bidatsu Yōmei Sushun Suiko Jomei Kōgyoku Kōtoku Saimei Tenji Kōbun Tenmu Jitō Monmu Genmei

Nara

710–794	Genmei Genshō Shōmu Kōken Junnin Shōtoku Kōnin Kanmu

Heian

794–1185	Kanmu Heizei Saga Junna Ninmyō Montoku Seiwa Yōzei Kōkō Uda Daigo Suzaku Murakami Reizei En'yū Kazan Ichijō Sanjō Go-Ichijō Go-Suzaku Go-Reizei Go-Sanjō Shirakawa Horikawa Toba Sutoku Konoe Go-Shirakawa Nijō Rokujō Takakura Antoku Go-Toba

Kamakura

1185–1333	Go-Toba Tsuchimikado Juntoku Chūkyō Go-Horikawa Shijō Go-Saga Go-Fukakusa Kameyama Go-Uda Fushimi Go-Fushimi Go-Nijō Hanazono Go-Daigo

Northern Court

1333–1392	Kōgon Kōmyō Sukō Go-Kōgon Go-En'yū Go-Komatsu

Muromachi

1333–1573	Go-Murakami Chōkei Go-Kameyama Go-Komatsu Shōkō Go-Hanazono Go-Tsuchimikado Go-Kashiwabara Go-Nara Ōgimachi

Azuchi-Momoyama

1573–1603	Ōgimachi Go-Yōzei

Edo

1603–1868	Go-Yōzei Go-Mizunoo Meishō Go-Kōmyō Go-Sai Reigen Higashiyama Nakamikado Sakuramachi Momozono Go-Sakuramachi Go-Momozono Kōkaku Ninkō Kōmei Meiji

Empire of Japan

1868–1947	Meiji Taishō Shōwa

Japan

1947–present	Shōwa Akihito Naruhito

Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD ^* Imperial Consort and Regent Empress Jingū is not traditionally listed.

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