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Red crowberry

Red crowberry growing in the Falkland Islands
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Ericales
Family:	Ericaceae
Genus:	Empetrum
Species:	E. rubrum
Binomial name
*Empetrum rubrum* Vahl ex Willd.^[1]
Forms; Subspecies; Varieties
E. r. f. falklandicum R.D.Good^[2] E. r. subsp. eamesii (Fernald & Wiegand) R.D.Good^[3] E. r. var. atropurpureum (Fernald & Wiegand) R.D.Good^[3] E. r. var. eamesii (Fernald & Wiegand) Cronquist^[4]

Empetrum rubrum, known as red crowberry or diddle-dee (Chilean Spanish: Murtilla de Magallanes), is a species of plant in the heath family, Ericaceae.

Distribution and habitat

The species is distributed in Chile from Talca (35°S) to Cape Horn (55°S), in areas of adjacent Argentina, in the Falkland Islands, and in Tristan da Cunha. One of its northernmost natural growing places is Laguna del Maule.

In Chile, it often grows in high-altitude areas close to the tree line and can tolerate alpine conditions such as strong winds and high sun exposure. In the Falkland Islands, it is the dominant species across large areas of lowland and upland dwarf shrub heath.

Uses

Its fruits are edible.^[5]^{[additional citation(s) needed]}

In culture

It is referenced in the Falkland Islands' unofficial national anthem.

Gallery

Close up of Empetrum rubrum in Navarino Island, Tierra del Fuego.
Empetrum rubrum from Torres del Paine National Park

References

^ In: Species Plantarum. Editio quarta 4(2): 713. 1806. "Name - Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved May 19, 2010.
^ A description for the falklandicum form was published in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 47: 517 1926
^ ^a ^b Descriptions for subspecies eamesii and variety atropurpureum were published in: J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 47(317): 519 1927
^ Cronquist published var. eamesii in: Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (2nd. edition) 864 1991
^ Michail Belov. "Description and images of Empetrum rubum". ChileFlora. Retrieved May 19, 2010.

Taxon identifiers
Empetrum rubrum	Wikidata: Q218350 Wikispecies: Empetrum rubrum CoL: 39HLF EoL: 2865568 EPPO: EMPRU GBIF: 6387986 iNaturalist: 465350 IPNI: 324786-1 ITIS: 23745 NCBI: 45919 Open Tree of Life: 99442 PfaF: Empetrum rubrum Plant List: kew-2788504 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:324786-1 Tropicos: 11900009 WFO: wfo-0000667264 WoRMS: 993797

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