Ensiklopedia Dunia

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Fort Baldwin - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 43°45′00″N 69°47′06″W / 43.75000°N 69.78500°W

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Site information

Fort Baldwin Historic Site
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. National Historic Site


Fort Baldwin Location in Maine
Location	Sabino Hill, Phippsburg, Maine
Coordinates	43°45′00″N 69°47′06″W / 43.75000°N 69.78500°W / 43.75000; -69.78500
Area	6 acres (2.4 ha)
Built	1905 (1905)
Architect	United States Army Corps of Engineers
NRHP reference No.	79000166
Fort Baldwin
Part of Coast Defenses of the Kennebec
Phippsburg, Maine
Type	Fortification
Owner	Public - State of Maine
Open to the public	Yes
Site history
Built	1905–1912
Built by	U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
In use	1912–1924, 1941–1945
Materials	Reinforced concrete, earth
Garrison information
Garrison	World War I: Coast Defenses of Portland World War II: Battery D, 8th Coast Artillery Regiment

Added to NRHP	August 3, 1979

Fort Baldwin is a former coastal defense fortification near the mouth of the Kennebec River in Phippsburg, Maine, United States, preserved as the Fort Baldwin State Historic Site.^[1] It was named after Jeduthan Baldwin, an engineer for the Continental Army during the American Revolution. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.^[2]

History

The fort was constructed between 1905 and 1912 and originally consisted of three batteries.^[3]^[4]

Artillery batteries

Battery Cogan with two 3-inch M1903 guns on pedestal mounts. Named in honor of a lieutenant in the 5th Continental Regiment during the American Revolution. Cogan, who had also been quartermaster of the 1st New Hampshire Regiment, died August 21, 1778.^[3]
Battery Joseph Roswell Hawley with two 6-inch M1900 guns on pedestal mounts. This battery also housed the fort's original observation station and electric equipment. Named in honor of Brigadier General Joseph R. Hawley who served with distinction during the American Civil War.^[3]
Battery Hardman with one 6-inch gun M1905 on a disappearing carriage. Named in honor of a Captain in the 2nd Maryland Regiment, Continental Army during the American Revolution. Hardman was taken prisoner at Camden, South Carolina and died while a prisoner of war on September 1, 1780.^[3]

Additionally, facilities for a controlled minefield in the river were built at nearby Fort Popham.^[5] The fort was in caretaker status prior to the American entry into World War I, and at some point was probably under the Coast Defenses of the Kennebec command.^[3] During World War I, Fort Baldwin and Fort Popham had a garrison of 200 soldiers from the 13th and 29th Coast Artillery companies of the Coast Defenses of Portland.^[2]^[6]^[7] All three 6-inch guns were withdrawn in 1917 as part of a program to put these weapons on field carriages and use them on the Western Front. Battery Hawley's guns were not sent overseas and were remounted in 1919. Battery Hardman's gun was sent to France; apparently it was eventually returned to the US but not to Fort Baldwin. A history of the Coast Artillery in World War I states that none of the regiments in France equipped with 6-inch guns completed training in time to see action before the Armistice.^[8]

In 1924, Fort Baldwin was disarmed as part of a general drawdown of less-threatened coast defenses and sold to the State of Maine. Early in World War II, four circular concrete "Panama mounts" were constructed at Fort Baldwin, two of them on Battery Hawley's 6-inch gun positions. These were to provide improved firing platforms for towed 155 mm M1918 guns that were adopted by the Coast Artillery following World War I.^[9] From 1941 to 1943, Battery D, 8th Coast Artillery protected Fort Baldwin and its Fire Control Tower (Built 1943) that could radio the precise position of enemy vessels to batteries in Casco Bay, notably Battery Steele with its 16-inch guns. A battery of four 155 mm guns, most likely from Fort Williams, was deployed to Fort Baldwin from early 1942 to January 17, 1944. After the war, the Army returned the property to the State of Maine in 1949.^[3]

References

^ "Fort Baldwin State Historic Site". Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Frank A. Beard; Robert L. Bradley (May 9, 1979). "Fort Baldwin Historic Site". National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form. National Park Service. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Fort Baldwin". FortWiki.
^ Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2004). American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide (2 ed.). CDSG Press. p. 202. ISBN 0-9748167-0-1.
^ "Coast Defenses of the Kennebec River: Fort Popham". American Forts Network.
^ Berhow, pp. 418-420
^ Rinaldi, Richard A. (2004). The United States Army in World War I: Orders of Battle. General Data LLC. pp. 165–166. ISBN 0-9720296-4-8.
^ "History of the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps during World War I". Archived from the original on February 12, 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
^ Berhow, p. 202

External links

Fort Baldwin State Historic Site Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry
List of all US coastal forts and batteries at the Coastal Defense Study Group, Inc. website
American Forts Network, lists forts in the US, former US territories, Canada, and Central America
FortWiki, lists most CONUS and Canadian forts

Former military installations in Maine

Army

Fort	Allen Baldwin Edgecomb O'Brien Gorges Knox Levett Lyon McClary McKinley Popham Preble Scammell Sullivan Sumner Williams
Reservation	Bailey Island Biddeford Pool Cape Elizabeth Great Chebeague Island Jewell Island Long Island Peaks Island
Airfields	Deblois Godfrey (Dow) Houlton Limestone (Loring) Milford Presque Isle
Barracks	Hancock
Nike Sites	Caswell Nike Site L-13 Limestone Nike Site L-31 Caribou Nike Site L-58 Connor Nike Site L-85

Air Force

Base	Dow (Bangor ANGB) Loring Presque Isle
Station	Ashland Brunswick Bucks Harbor Caribou Caswell Charleston Columbia Falls Moscow Topsham

Navy

Naval Air Station	Brunswick
Auxiliary Air Facility	Casco Bay Lewiston
Radio Station	Otter Cliffs Winter Harbor
Prison	Portsmouth

Coast Guard

Station	Caribou

National Guard

Air National Guard Station	South Portland
Army National Guard Armory	Fort Kent Gardiner Houlton Portland

v t e Municipalities and communities of Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States
County seat: Bath
City	Bath	Sagadahoc County map
Towns	Arrowsic Bowdoin Bowdoinham Georgetown Phippsburg Richmond Topsham West Bath Woolwich
Unorganized territory	Perkins Township
CDPs	Richmond Topsham
Other villages	Iceboro Sebasco Estates
Maine portal United States portal

Protected areas of Maine

Federal

National Parks and Historic Sites	Acadia National Park Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument Saint Croix Island International Historic Site
National Wildlife Refuges	Aroostook Carlton Pond Waterfowl Production Area Cross Island Franklin Island Maine Coastal Islands Moosehorn Petit Manan Pond Island Rachel Carson Seal Island Sunkhaze Meadows Umbagog
National Forests	White Mountain
National Cemeteries	Acadia National Cemetery Togus National Cemetery
National Trails	Appalachian Trail
National Estuarine Research Reserves	Wells
National wild and scenic rivers	Allagash Wilderness Waterway York River

State

State Parks	Allagash Wilderness Waterway Androscoggin Riverlands Aroostook Baxter Birch Point Bradbury Mountain Camden Hills Cobscook Bay Crescent Beach Damariscotta Lake Ferry Beach Fort Point Grafton Notch Holbrook Island Sanctuary Lake St. George Lamoine Lily Bay Mackworth Island Moose Point Mount Blue Mount Kineo State Park Owls Head Light State Park Peacock Beach Peaks-Kenny Penobscot River Corridor Popham Beach Quoddy Head Range Ponds Rangeley Lake Reid Roque Bluffs Shackford Head Sebago Lake Swans Falls Campground Swan Lake Two Lights Vaughan Woods Warren Island Wolfe's Neck Woods
State Historic Sites	Bible Point Colburn House Colonial Pemaquid Eagle Island Fort Baldwin Fort Edgecomb Fort Halifax Fort Kent Fort Knox (Penobscot Narrows Observatory) Fort McClary Fort O'Brien John Paul Jones Katahdin Iron Works Mayall Mills Whaleback Shell Midden
State Forests	Durham

Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry

v t e U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Topics	Architectural style categories Contributing property Historic district History of the National Register of Historic Places Keeper of the Register National Park Service Property types
Lists by state	List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state: Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Lists by insular areas	American Samoa Guam Minor Outlying Islands Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico Virgin Islands
Lists by associated state	Federated States of Micronesia Marshall Islands Palau
Other areas	District of Columbia American Legation, Morocco
Related	National Historic Preservation Act Historic Preservation Fund List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places portal Category

Categories:

Hidden categories:

History

Artillery batteries

See also

References

External links