Ensiklopedia Dunia

Technopedia Center

Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education

Nitratoauric acid - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Gold(III) nitrate)

Nitratoauric acid
Names

IUPAC name Hydrogen tetranitratoaurate(III)^[1]
Other names Gold(III) nitrate Auronitric acid Gold(III) hydrogen nitrate Aurinitric acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	13464-77-2
ChemSpider	21241708
EC Number	236-687-0
PubChem CID	102601521
Properties
Chemical formula	HAu(NO₃)₄
Molar mass	445.99 g/mol (anhydrous) 500.04 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance	Brown Crystals^[1]
Density	2.84 g/cm³^[1]
Melting point	72.6 °C (162.7 °F; 345.8 K)^[2]
Solubility in water	Hydrolyzes^[2]
Solubility in nitric acid	Insoluble (0 °C) Soluble (30 °C)
Structure^[2]
Crystal structure	Monoclinic
Space group	C2/c
Lattice constant	a = 1214.5 pm, b = 854.4 pm, c = 1225.7 pm
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Oxidizing
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H272, H302, H312, H315, H318, H332, H335
Precautionary statements	P210, P220, P221, P261, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 2 OX
Related compounds
Other anions	Chloroauric acid
Other cations	Potassium tetranitratoaurate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Nitratoauric acid, hydrogen tetranitratoaurate, or simply called gold(III) nitrate is a crystalline gold compound that forms the trihydrate, HAu(NO₃)₄·3H₂O or more correctly H₅O₂Au(NO₃)₄·H₂O.^[3]^[2] This compound is an intermediate in the process of extracting gold.^[4] In older literature it is also known as aurinitric acid.^[5]

Preparation and reactions

Nitratoauric acid is prepared by the reaction of gold(III) hydroxide and concentrated nitric acid at 100 °C:^[2]^[5]

Au(OH)₃ + 4HNO₃ → HAu(NO₃)₄ + 3 H₂O

This compound reacts with potassium nitrate to form potassium tetranitratoaurate at 0 °C:^[6]

HAu(NO₃)₄ + KNO₃ → KAu(NO₃)₄ + HNO₃

Properties

Nitratoauric acid trihydrate decomposes to the monohydrate at 72 °C. If continually heated to 203 °C, it decomposes to auric oxide.^[2]

Simple gold(III) nitrate

The production of the simple nitrate (Au(NO₃)₃) was reported from the reaction of gold oxide and dinitrogen pentoxide, however, this was later proven to be nitronium tetranitratoaurate ((NO₂)Au(NO₃)₄).^[7]^[8]

However, the ammine complex of the simple gold nitrate is known. Au(NH₃)₄(NO₃)₃, also known as tetraaminegold(III) nitrate, is produced by the addition of ammonium nitrate to a solution of chloroauric acid. The hydrolysis of this compound produces fulminating gold.^[9]^[10]^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Gold Nitrate". ESPI Metals.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Oliver Büchner; Mathias S. Wickleder (2004). "Tetranitratogoldsäure, (H₅O₂)[Au(NO₃)₄]·H₂O: Synthese, Kristallstruktur und thermisches Verhalten des ersten sauren Nitrates des Goldes". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 630 (7): 1079–1083. doi:10.1002/zaac.200400092.
^ A. Jamieson Walker (1924). The Alkali-metals and Their Congeners. the University of California: C. Griffin. p. 349.
^ D. P. Graddon; H. Taube; A. G. Maddock (2017). An Introduction to Co-Ordination Chemistry (Ebook) (2nd ed.). Elsevier Science. p. 148. ISBN 9781483184111.
^ ^a ^b Harry Mann Gordin (1913). Elementary Chemistry (1 ed.). the University of Wisconsin - Madison: Medico-dental Publishing Company. p. 437.
^ Ripan R., Chetyanu I. (1972). Inorganic chemistry. Chemistry of metals. Vol. 2. Moscow: World.
^ B. O. Field; C. J. Hardy (1964). "Volatile and anhydrous nitrato-complexes of metals: preparation by the use of dinitrogen pentoxide, and measurement of infrared spectra". Journal of the Chemical Society: 4428–4434. doi:10.1039/JR9640004428.
^ Mathias S. Wickleder; Oliver Büchner; Frauke Gerlach; Mandus Necke; Katharina Al-Shamery; Thomas Wich; Tim Luttermann (2008). "Synthesis, Characterization and Electron Beam Assisted Decomposition of (NO₂)[Au(NO₃)₄]". Chemistry of Materials. 20 (16): 5181–5185. doi:10.1021/cm800066r.
^ Weishaupt, Martin; Strähle, Joachim (1976). "Kristallstruktur und Schwingungsspektrum des Tetrammingold(III) -nitrats" [Crystal Structure and Vibrational Spectrum of Tetraamminegold(III)-Nitrate]. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B (in German). 31 (5): 554–557. doi:10.1515/znb-1976-0505.
^ Skibsted, L. H.; Bjerrum, Jannik (1974). "Studies on Gold Complexes. I. Robustness, Stability and Acid Dissociation of the Tetramminegold(III) Ion". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 28: 740–746. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0740.
^ Michel Manfait; Alain J.P. Alix; Charles Kappenstein (1981). "Raman and infrared studies of the square planar tetraammine gold(III) nitrate and its deuterate". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 50: 147–152. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)83735-4.

Gold compounds

Gold(-I)

Gold(I)

Organogold(I) compounds	(AuC₆H₂(CH₃)₃)₅ (C₂H₅)₃PAuSC₅H₅O(CO₂CH₃)₃CH₂OCOCH₃ AuSC₅H₅O(OH)₃CH₂OH NaAuSCH₂CHOHCH₂SO₃ BrAuSC₄H₈ ClAuSC₄H₈ ClAuS(CH₃)₂ ClAuP(C₆H₅)₃ Na₂AuSCHCO₂CH₂CO₂ NaAuSCHCO₂CH₂CO₂H

Gold(II)

Gold(I,III)

Au₄Cl₈

Gold(III)

Aurates(III)	NH₄[Au(CN)₂] HAuCl₄ NaAuCl₄ HAuBr₄ HAu(NO₃)₄ ClO₂Au(ClO₄)₄ NaAuO₂

Gold(V)

Gold(VI)

AuF
₆ (predicted)

Categories:

Hidden categories: