| Black box systems | |
|---|---|
 | |
| System | |
| Black box, Oracle machine | |
| Methods and techniques | |
| Black-box testing, Blackboxing | |
| Related techniques | |
| Feed forward, Obfuscation, Pattern recognition, White box, White-box testing, Gray-box testing, System identification | |
| Fundamentals | |
| A priori information, Control systems, Open systems, Operations research, Thermodynamic systems | |
Gray-box testing is a software testing method used to search for defects due to improper structure or application usage, where the tester has partial knowledge of the internal structure of the software. It is a combination of white-box testing, where the tester has broad access to the internal structure of the application, and black-box testing, where tester is unaware of the structure.[1][2][3]
The knowledge available to gray-box testers may comprise both high-level and detailed documentation, such as software architecture, Unified Modeling Language (UML) models, Web Services Description Language (WSDL) information and state models. Testing tools and techniques include exception handling, regression testing, functional testing, and orthogonal array testing.[4][5][6]
Gray-box testing is particularly used for testing web applications, that have distributed networks, and no source code or binaries that would allow for white box testing.[7][8][9]
See also
References
- ^ "Microsoft Research – Emerging Technology, Computer, and Software Research" (PDF).
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Gray Box Testing". Software Testing Fundamentals. 4 November 2011. Archived from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2012.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Patton, Ron (26 July 2005). Software Testing. Sams. ISBN 978-0-672-32798-8.
- ^ Nguyen, Hung Q (2001). Testing Applications on the Web: Test Planning for Internet-Based Systems. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780471437642.
- ^ Bach, James (31 December 2001). Lessons Learned in Software Testing. Wiley Computer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-471-08112-8.
- ^ Falk, Jack (12 April 1999). Testing Computer Software, 2nd Edition. Wiley Computer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-471-35846-6.
- ^ Li, Z. J.; Tan, H. F.; Liu, H. H.; Zhu, J.; Mitsumori, N. M. (6 April 2010). "Business-process-driven gray-box SOA testing". IBM Systems Journal. 47 (3): 457–472. doi:10.1147/sj.473.0457.
