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Gynostemma - Wikipedia

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Gynostemma

Gynostemma pentaphyllum growing in potting soil
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Cucurbitales
Family:	Cucurbitaceae
Tribe:	Gomphogyneae
Genus:	Gynostemma Blume^[1]
Species
See text

Gynostemma is a genus of perennial climbing vines in the cucumber, gourd, and melon family, comprising at least 19 species, all native to the tropical East or Far East, inclusive of the Himalayas: China (with 9 endemic); the islands of Japan; Malaysia; and New Guinea.^[2] The term Gynostemma is derived from Ancient Greek γυνή meaning "woman" or "female",^[3] and στέμμα meaning "wreath" or "garland".^[3] In (post-)classical Latin the form stemma is attested as Greek loanword.^[4]^[5] In Ancient Greek and Latin, stemma is of neuter gender.^[3]^[4] German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume described Gynostemma from two species he named:^[6] G. pedata (later changed, to pedatum)^[7] and G. simplicifolia (also later changed, to simplicifolium).^[8] Neither species was clearly designated by him as the type; however, the former species, G. pedatum is now considered to be a synonym of G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino.^[9] The genus was published in 1825, in Carl Ludwig von Blume's Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië ("Contributions to the flora of the Dutch East Indies").^[1]^[6]

General description

All species of Gynostemma have tendrils (usually branching); most are dioecious. The leaves are usually in palmately arrayed leaflets (3–9, ovate-lanceolate in shape), arranged alternately on the stem; a few species are leaved, but without leaflets. Inflorescences are either racemose or paniculate. Fruits can be capsular or pea-like, containing two or three seeds.^[2]

Selected species

Gynostemma aggregatum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
Gynostemma burmanicum King ex Chakrav.
Gynostemma cardiospermum Cogn. ex Oliv.
Gynostemma caulopterum S.Z.He
Gynostemma compressum X.X.Chen & D.R.Liang
Gynostemma guangxiense X.X.Chen & D.H.Qin
Gynostemma intermedium W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
Gynostemma laxiflorum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
Gynostemma laxum (Wall.) Cogn.
Gynostemma longipes C.Y.Wu
Gynostemma microspermum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
Gynostemma pallidinervee Z.Zhang
Gynostemma papuanum W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
Gynostemma pentagynum Z.P.Wang
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino
Gynostemma pubescens (Gagnep.) C.Y.Wu
Gynostemma simplicifolium Blume
Gynostemma yixingense (Z.P.Wang & Q.Z.Xie) C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
Gynostemma zhejiangense X.J.Xue

List source :^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b Gynostemma was originally described and published in Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 23. 1825. "Name - !Gynostemma Blume". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Shukun Chen; Charles Jeffrey. "Gynostemma". Flora of China. 19. eFloras. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
^ ^a ^b Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
^ Saalfeld, G.A.E.A. (1884). Tensaurus Italograecus. Ausführliches historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Griechischen Lehn- und Fremdwörter im Lateinischen. Wien: Druck und Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn, Buchhändler der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.
^ ^a ^b Original text by Carl Ludwig von Blume (1825). Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. p. 23. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ "Name - Gynostemma pedatum Blume". Tropicos. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ "Name - !Gynostemma simplicifolium Blume". Tropicos. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ "TPL, treatment of Gynostemma pedatum". The Plant List; Version 1. (published on the internet). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. 2010. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
^ "TPL, treatment of Gynostemma". Retrieved December 1, 2012.

Taxon identifiers
Gynostemma	Wikidata: Q1647854 Wikispecies: Gynostemma CoL: 4S2C EoL: 2895734 EPPO: 1GYSG FNA: 114356 FoC: 114356 GBIF: 7317446 GRIN: 5266 iNaturalist: 550197 IPNI: 13299-1 IRMNG: 1067050 NCBI: 182083 Open Tree of Life: 493380 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13299-1 Tropicos: 40019395 WFO: wfo-4000016593

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