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Höstkväll - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Höstkväll"
Art song by Jean Sibelius
The composer (c. 1902)
Opus	38/1
Text	Höstkväll by Rydberg^[1]
Language	Swedish
Composed	1903 (1903), orch. 1904
Publisher	Fazer & Westerlund [fi] (1903; pf.)^[1]^[a] Breitkopf & Härtel (1907; orch.)^[3]
Duration	4.25 mins.^[4]
Premiere
Date	12 September 1903 (1903-09-12)^[1]
Location	Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland
Performers	Aino Ackté (soprano) Oskar Merikanto (pianist)

"Höstkväll" (literal English translation: "Autumn Evening"),^[b] Op. 38/1,^[c] is an art song for vocal soloist (typically soprano) and piano written in 1903 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The piece, which is a setting of the eponymous poem by the Swedish poet Viktor Rydberg,^[d] premiered on 12 September 1903 at the Finnish National Theatre in Helsinki, with the Finnish soprano Aino Ackté as soloist accompanied by the Finnish composer Oskar Merikanto on piano.^[1]

In 1904, Sibelius arranged "Höstkväll" for voice and orchestra—along with its catalogue mates, "På verandan vid havet" ("On a Balcony by the Sea", Op. 38/2) and "I natten" ("In the Night", Op. 38/3). This version of the song received its first performance on 14 January 1905 in Paris, with Alfred Cortot conducting; the soloist was the American soprano Minnie Tracey.^[3]

The Finnish soprano Aino Ackté (left) premiered Sibelius's "Höstkväll" on 12 September 1903 in Helsinki (ad right).

Instrumentation

The orchestrated version of "Höstkväll" is scored for the following instruments and voices,^[3] organized by family (vocalists, woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings):

Soprano (or baritone)
2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, and 1 contrabassoon
4 horns and 3 trombones
Snare drum
Violins (I and II), violas, cellos, double basses, and harp

Reception

The British musicologist Robert Layton has praised "Höstkväll" as "astonishingly forward-looking"^[7] and it is routinely celebrated as being among Sibelius's best songs.

Discography

The Norwegian conductor Øivin Fjeldstad and the London Symphony Orchestra, joined by the Norwegian soprano Kirsten Flagstad, made the world premiere studio recording of "Höstkväll" in 1958 for Decca.^[3] The table below lists this and other commercially available recordings of the version for orchestra:

No.	Soloist	Conductor	Orchestra	Rec.^[e]	Time	Recording venue	Label	Ref.
1	Kirsten Flagstad	Øivin Fjeldstad	London Symphony Orchestra	1958	5:29	Kingsway Hall	Decca	^[f]
2	Birgit Nilsson	Bertil Bokstedt [sv]	Vienna Opera Orchestra	1965	5:14	Sofiensaal	Decca	^[g]
3	MariAnne Häggander [sv]	Jorma Panula	Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra	1984	4:29	Gothenburg Concert Hall	BIS	^[h]
4	Karita Mattila	Sakari Oramo	City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra	2001	5:16	Symphony Hall, Birmingham	Warner Classics	^[i]
†	Helena Juntunen (1)	Osmo Vänskä	Lahti Symphony Orchestra	2005	4:55	Sibelius Hall	BIS	^[j]
5	Soile Isokoski	Leif Segerstam	Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra	2005	4:54	Finlandia Hall	Ondine	^[k]
6	Marianne Beate Kielland	Petr Popelka	Norwegian Radio Orchestra	2021	4:31	NRK Radio Concert Hall [no]	LAWO Classics [no]	^[l]

† = version for vocal soloist and string orchestra (1904)

The version of "Höstkväll" for piano accompaniment received its first studio recording in 1967, when the Finnish baritone Tom Krause and the Finnish pianist Pentti Koskimies [fi] recorded it for Decca.^[1] The table below includes this and other commercially available recordings:

No.	Soloist	Pianist	Rec.^[e]	Time	Recording venue	Label	Ref.
1	Tom Krause (1)	Pentti Koskimies [fi]	1967	4:11	Kingsway Hall	Decca Eloquence	^[m]
2	Tom Krause (2)	Irwin Gage	1981	4:00	Kingsway Hall	Decca	^[n]
3	Tom Krause (3)	Gustav Djupsjöbacka [fi]	1993	3:55	Järvenpää Hall [fi]	Finlandia	^[o]
4	Kirsi Tiihonen [fi]	Satu Salminen	2000	4:44	Martinas Culture Hall [fi]	Naxos	^[p]
5	Helena Juntunen (2)	Folke Gräsbeck [fi]	2008	4:44	Kuusankoskitalo [fi]	BIS	^[q]
6	Hanna Kronqvist	Ilmari Räikkönen	2013	4:34	Kangasala Church [fi]	NoteStandRecords	^[r]

Notes, references, and sources

Notes

^ On 20 July 1905, the Helsinki-based music publisher Fazer & Westerlund [fi] (Helsingfors Nya Musikhandel) sold its Sibelius holdings (the publishing rights and printing plates) to the German firm of Breitkopf & Härtel.^[2]
^ Because Sibelius's Op. 38/1 song is sung in Swedish, this article gives preference to its native title, rather than the English translation.
^ "Höstkväll" is the first of the Op. 38 Five Songs, which is a collection of independent songs rather than a song cycle. The other four songs are as follows: No. 2 På verandan vid havet ("On a Balcony by the Sea", 1903; text by Rydberg), No. 3 I natten ("In the Night", 1903; Rydberg), No. 4 Harpolekaren och hans son ("The Harper and His Son", 1904; Rydberg), and No. 5 Jag ville, jag core i Indialand ("I Wish I were in India", 1904; Gustaf Fröding).^[5]
^ The Op. 38/1 "Höstkväll" was Sibelius's second attempt at setting the Rydberg's poem. A fragmentary earlier attempt (HUL 1180, 1888–1889), which is extant, dates to the composer's youth and thematically is unrelated to its identically-named successor.^[6]
^ ^a ^b Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
^ K. Flagstad—Decca (00028947888239) 2015
^ B. Nilsson—Decca(SXL 6185) 1965
^ M. Häggander—BIS (CD–270) 1984
^ K. Mattila—Warner Classics (8573 80243–2) 2004
^ H. Juntunen—BIS (CD–1565) 2006
^ S. Isokoski—Ondine (ODE 1080–5) 2006
^ M. Kielland—LAWO Classics (LWC 1239) 2022
^ T. Krause—Decca Eloquence (442 9447) 2007
^ T. Krause—Decca (00028947886150) 2015
^ T. Krause—Finlandia (4509–96871–2) 1994
^ K. Tiihonen—Naxos (8.555274 FIN) 2001
^ H. Juntunen—BIS (CD–1918/20) 2008
^ H. Kronqvist—NoteStandRecords (NS1305) 2013

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Dahlström 2003, p. 175.
^ Dahlström 2003, p. xxiv.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Dahlström 2003, p. 176.
^ Dahlström 2003, pp. 175–176.
^ Layton 1993, pp. 172–174, 219.
^ Barnett 2007.
^ Layton 1993, p. 172.

Sources

Barnett, Andrew (2007). Sibelius. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16397-1.
Dahlström, Fabian [in Swedish] (2003). Jean Sibelius: Thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke [Jean Sibelius: A Thematic Bibliographic Index of His Works] (in German). Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel. ISBN 3-7651-0333-0.
Layton, Robert (1993) [1965]. Sibelius. (The Master Musicians Series) (4th ed.). New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN 0028713222.

External links

"Höstkvall" ("Autumn Evening"), Op. 38/1: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project

v t e Jean Sibelius
List of compositions Discography of symphony cycles
Symphonies	Kullervo (1892) Symphony No. 1 (1899, rev. 1900) Symphony No. 2 (1902) Symphony No. 3 (1907) Symphony No. 4 (1911) Symphony No. 5 (1915, rev. 1916, 1919) Symphony No. 6 (1923) Symphony No. 7 (1924) Symphony No. 8 (mid 1920s–c. 1938, abandoned)
Concertante	Violin Concerto (1904, rev. 1905) Two Serenades (1912–1913) Two Serious Melodies (1914–1915) Six Humoresques (1917–1918, No. 1 rev. 1940) Suite for Violin and String Orchestra (1929)
Tone poems	En saga (1892, rev. 1902) Spring Song (1894, rev. 1895) The Wood Nymph (1895) Lemminkäinen Suite 1895, rev. 1897, 1900, 1939; includes The Swan of Tuonela Finlandia (1899) Pohjola's Daughter (1906) Nightride and Sunrise (1909) The Dryad (1910) The Bard (1913) Luonnotar (1913) The Oceanides (1914, rev. 1914) Tapiola (1926)
Opera & theatre	The Building of the Boat (1893–1894, abandoned) The Maiden in the Tower (1896) King Christian II (1898) Kuolema 1903; includes Valse triste Pelléas et Mélisande (1905) Belshazzar's Feast (1906) Swanwhite (1908) The Lizard (1909) The Language of the Birds (1911) Scaramouche (1913) Everyman (1916) The Tempest (1925)
Cantatas	Cantata for the University Graduation Ceremonies of 1894 Cantata for the Coronation of Nicholas II (1896) Cantata for the University Graduation Ceremonies of 1897 The Origin of Fire (1902, rev. 1910) The Captive Queen (1906) My Own Land (1918) Song of the Earth (1919) Hymn of the Earth (1920) Väinämöinen's Song (1926)
Other voice(s) & orchestra	The Rapids-Rider's Brides (1897) The Breaking of the Ice on the Oulu River (1899) Snöfrid (1900) Marjatta (1905, abandoned) Impromptu (1902, rev. 1910) The Raven (1910, abandoned)
Other orchestral	Overture in E major (1891) Ballet Scene (1891) Karelia Suite (1893) Rakastava (1894, arr. 1912) Scènes historiques I (1899, arr. 1911) Overture in A minor (1902) Romance in C major (1904) Cassazione (1904, rev. 1905) Pan and Echo (1906) In memoriam (1909, rev. 1910) Scènes historiques II (1912) Suite mignonne (1921) Suite champêtre (1922) Suite caractéristique (1922)
String quartets	String Quartet in E-flat major (1885) String Quartet in A minor (1889) String Quartet in B-flat major (1890) String Quartet in D minor, Voces intimae (1909) Andante festivo (1922, orch. 1938)
Piano trios	Piano Trio in A minor, Hafträsk (1886) Piano Trio in D major, Korpo (1887) Piano Trio in C major, Lovisa (1888)
Other chamber	Water Droplets (c. 1875–1881) Pieces for brass septet (1889–1899) Piano Quintet (1890) Malinconia (1900) Violin Sonatina (1915)
Piano	Six Impromptus (1893) Piano Sonata (1893) Ten Pieces, Op. 24 (1895–1903) Kyllikki (1904) Three Sonatinas (1912) The Bells of Kallio Church (1912, arr. 1912) Two Rondinos (1912) Five Pieces, The Trees, Op. 75 (1914) Five Pieces, The Flowers, Op. 85 (1916–1917) Five Esquisses (1929)
Songs	Seven Runeberg Songs, Op. 13 (1891–1892) "Serenad", JS 168 (1894–1895) Six Songs, Op. 36 (1899–1900) Five Songs, Op. 37 (1900–1902) Seven Songs, Op. 17 (1891–1904) Five Songs, Op. 38 (1903–1904; includes "Höstkväll") Six Songs, Op. 50 (1906) Two Songs, Op. 35 (1908) "Kom nu hit, död", Op. 60/1 (1909, orch. 1957) "Arioso", Op. 3 (1911) Five Christmas Songs, Op. 1 (1897–1913; includes "Giv mig ej glans, ej guld, ej prakt") Six Runeberg Songs, Op. 90 (1917)
Choral works	Hymn, Op. 21 (1896, rev. 1898) Songs for Mixed Chorus from the 1897 Promotional Cantata (arr. 1898) Finlandia Hymn (1899, arr. 1938–1940) Six Partsongs, Op. 18 (1893–1901) Jäger March (1917)
Family	Ainola (home) Aino Sibelius (wife) Ruth Snellman [fi] (daughter) Heidi Blomstedt (daughter) Christian Sibelius (brother) Aulis Blomstedt (son-in-law) Jussi Jalas (son-in-law) Jussi Snellman [fi] (son-in-law) Alexander Järnefelt (father-in-law) Elisabeth Järnefelt (mother-in-law) Armas Järnefelt (brother-in-law) Arvid Järnefelt (brother-in-law) Eero Järnefelt (brother-in-law) Kasper Järnefelt [fi] (brother-in-law)
Teachers	Helsinki Music Institute: Martin Wegelius (theory, composition) Mitrofan Vasiliev (violin) Hermann Csillag [de] (violin) Post-graduate studies: Albert Becker Robert Fuchs Karl Goldmark
Pupils	Toivo Kuula Leevi Madetoja Bengt de Törne [fi]
Colleagues & friends	Juhani Aho Aino Ackté Granville Bantock Ferruccio Busoni Axel Carpelan [fi] (patron) Olin Downes Ida Ekman Richard Faltin [fi] Ida Flodin [fi] Karl Flodin [fi] Akseli Gallen-Kallela Heikki Klemetti [fi] Santeri Levas (secretary) Erkki Melartin Oskar Merikanto Rosa Newmarch Abraham Ojanperä Selim Palmgren Adolf Paul Wilhelm Stenhammar Karl Wasenius [fi]
Select interpreters	Sir Thomas Beecham Paavo Berglund Sir Colin Davis Neeme Järvi Paavo Järvi Robert Kajanus Herbert von Karajan Serge Koussevitzky Hannu Lintu Sakari Oramo Eugene Ormandy Sir Simon Rattle Jukka-Pekka Saraste Georg Schnéevoigt Leif Segerstam Leopold Stokowski Osmo Vänskä
Select biographers	Fabian Dahlström [fi] Karl Ekman [fi] Erik Furuhjelm [fi] Glenda Dawn Goss Cecil Gray Robert Layton Nils-Eric Ringbom [fi] Erik W. Tawaststjerna
Namesakes	International Jean Sibelius Violin Competition Jean Sibelius Quartet Sibelius (2003 film) Sibelius (scorewriter) Sibelius Academy Sibelius Academy Quartet Sibelius Glacier Sibelius Hall Sibelius Medal Sibelius Monument Sibelius Museum Sibelius Piano Trio Sibelius Society of Finland 1405 Sibelius (asteroid) Wihuri Sibelius Prize
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