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Helmuth Pohle - Wikipedia

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Helmuth Pohle was a German aviator during World War II. In October 1939 he led the first German aerial attack on the United Kingdom, during which he was shot down and captured. He was the first German prisoner of war in World War II.

Career

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Battle of the River Forth

Hauptmann (equivalent to Flight Lieutenant) Pohle, was the group commanding officer (Gruppenkommandeur), of Kampfgeschwader 30 (I. KG 30) from Westerland, Germany in Sylt and led the German raid known as the Battle of the River Forth. On 16 October 1939 with fifteen Ju 88 aircraft, leaving Germany at 11:00. Westerland was the nearest Luftwaffe base to Britain. His second-in-command was Oberleutnant Hans Storp. His group of fifteen aircraft flew over the Forth Bridge at around 14.30. German intelligence believed that there were no Spitfire squadrons in Scotland. At 12.25pm a power cut had disabled the radar at RAF Dronehill.

Capture

He was shot down by Squadron Leader Ernest Stevens, the commanding officer of 603 Sqn, based at RAF Turnhouse (now Edinburgh Airport). After the left engine was hit at around 14:55 the attack by the Spitfire injured the rear gunner and radio operator. Nine Ju 88s were intercepted by three Spitfires at 4,000 ft. This was the second downing of an aircraft by a Supermarine Spitfire, and by any aircraft in the war by RAF Fighter Command. Pohle's aircraft did not land on UK soil but in the sea, three miles east of Crail. He was the only survivor out of his crew of four.

Another Ju 88 from KG 30 was shot down soon afterwards, caught by five Spitfires.^[1]^[2] In total for the attack, the Germans lost two Ju 88 aircraft, with four airmen captured.

Pohle was taken to the hospital at Edinburgh Castle. He saw out the war at Grizedale Hall in the Lake District, at No 1 POW Camp. He later helped Franz von Werra to escape.

References

^ "First blood for the Few Remnant of first German aircraft shot down in Second World War sees light of day after 60 years". HeraldScotland. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
^ Brown, Annie (16 October 2009). "Incredible story of first World War Two air attack on Britain". Dailyrecord.co.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
^ Humbie He 111

External links

1939 at the RAF Museum Archived 2014-08-08 at the Wayback Machine

Bomber wings of the Luftwaffe

Kampfgeschwader

1st – 30th	1 2 3 4 6 25 26 27 28 30

40th – 77th	40 50 51 53 54 55 60 66 76 77

100th – 158th	100 101 102 152 153 154 155 157 158

200th – 355th	200 252 253 254 255 257 355

Schnellkampfgeschwader

Air Defence of Great Britain during the Second World War

Overview

People

RAF	Hugh Dowding Charles Portal Cyril Newall Trafford Leigh-Mallory Keith Park Sholto Douglas
Army	Frederick Pile
Scientists	R. V. Jones Robert Watson-Watt

Organisation

Commands	RAF Fighter Command RAF Balloon Command RAF Coastal Command Anti-Aircraft Command RAF Bomber Command
Groups	No. 9 Group RAF No. 10 Group RAF No. 11 Group RAF No. 12 Group RAF No. 13 Group RAF No. 14 Group RAF
AA Corps	I AA Corps II AA Corps III AA Corps
AA Divisions	1 AA Division 2 AA Division 3 AA Division 4 AA Division 5 AA Division 6 AA Division 7 AA Division 8 AA Division 9 AA Division 10 AA Division 11 AA Division 12 AA Division
Other units	Battle of Britain airfields Eagle Squadrons Royal Observer Corps Women's Auxiliary Air Force

Campaigns and
operations

Aircraft

Technology

Career

Battle of the River Forth

Capture

See also

References

External links