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Heterenchelyidae Temporal range: Maastrichtian–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Pythonichthys microphthalmus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Anguilliformes
Suborder:	Muraenoidei
Family:	Heterenchelyidae Regan, 1912
Genera
see text

The Heterenchelyidae or mud eels are a small family of eels native to the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and eastern Pacific.

Heterenchelyids are bottom-dwelling fish adapted to burrowing into soft mud.^[1] They have large mouths and no pectoral fins, and range from 32 to 149 cm (13 to 59 in) in length. Currently, eight species in two genera are recognized in this family.

The oldest known member of the family is Pythonichthys arkansasensis, known from fossilized otoliths from the Maastrichtian and Danian of the south-central United States.^[2]^[3]

Genera

The Heterenchelyidae contains the following two genera:^[4]

Panturichthys Pellegrin, 1913
Pythonichthys Poey, 1868

References

^ McClosker, John F. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 89. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
^ Schwarzhans, Werner; Stringer, Gary L. (2020-05-06). "Fish Otoliths from the Late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, Usa) and the Early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, Usa) and an Assessment of Extinction and Survival of Teleost Lineages Across the K-Pg Boundary Based on Otoliths". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 126 (2). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/13425. ISSN 2039-4942.
^ Schwarzhans, Werner W.; Jagt, John W. M. (2021-11-01). "Silicified otoliths from the Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands, Belgium) document early gadiform and perciform fishes during the Late Cretaceous, prior to the K/Pg boundary extinction event". Cretaceous Research. 127: 104921. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12704921S. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104921. ISSN 0195-6671.
^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Heterenchelyidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 November 2024.

True eels (Anguilliformes)

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Superclass: Osteichthyes
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Elopomorpha

Families

Chlopsidae (False morays)
Synaphobranchoidei	Protanguillidae (Primitive cave eels) Synaphobranchidae (Cutthroat eels)
Anguilloidei	Moringuidae (Spaghetti eels) Anguillidae (Freshwater eels) Nemichthyidae (Snipe eels) Serrivomeridae (Sawtooth eels) Cyematidae (Bobtail eels) Monognathidae (Onejaws) Neocyematidae (Orange bobtail eels) Eurypharyngidae (Pelican eels) Saccopharyngidae (Gulper eels)
Muraenoidei	Heterenchelyidae (Mud eels) Myrocongridae (Thin eels) Muraenidae (Moray eels)
Congroidei	Colocongridae (Shorttail eels) Derichthyidae (Longneck eels) Ophichthidae (Snake eels) Muraenesocidae (Pike congers) Nettastomatidae (Duckbill eels) Congridae (Congers & garden eels)

As food	Eel (food) Anago Eel pie Jellied eels Kabayaki Eel noodles Unadon
Related topics	Eel life history Eel ladder Ely Eel Day Eel pot Glass eels Leptocephalus (larvae) Abaia Eel cuddling Sina and the Eel Sniggle

Taxon identifiers
Heterenchelyidae	Wikidata: Q687472 Wikispecies: Heterenchelyidae ADW: Heterenchelyidae BOLD: 493963 CoL: 6254J EoL: 8290 GBIF: 7167 iNaturalist: 83349 IRMNG: 114343 ITIS: 161279 NBN: NHMSYS0000561405 NCBI: 556143 Open Tree of Life: 726663 Paleobiology Database: 355265 WoRMS: 125429

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