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Hoh Xil - Wikipedia

Coordinates: 35°22′49″N 92°26′21″E / 35.38028°N 92.43917°E

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Qinghai Hoh Xil
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Hoh Xil in August
Location	Qinghai
Criteria	Natural: (vii)(x)
Reference	1540
Inscription	2017 (41st Session)
Area	3,735,632 ha (9,230,950 acres)
Buffer zone	2,290,904 ha (5,660,950 acres)
Coordinates	35°22′49″N 92°26′21″E / 35.38028°N 92.43917°E / 35.38028; 92.43917
Location in Qinghai

Hoh Xil

Chinese name

Literal meaning

Blue ridge (in Mongolic)

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Kěkěxīlǐ
Wade–Giles	K'e³k'e³hsi¹li³
IPA	[kʰɤ̀kʰɤ̀ɕílì]

Tibetan-origin name

Simplified Chinese

阿卿贡嘉

Traditional Chinese

阿卿貢嘉

Literal meaning

Lord of ten thousand mountains

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Āqīnggòngjiā
Wade–Giles	A¹ch'ing¹kung⁴chia¹
IPA	[átɕʰíŋkʊ̂ŋtɕjá]

Tibetan name

Tibetan

ཧོ་ཧོ་ཞི་ལི
ཨ་ཆེན་གངས་རྒྱབ

Transcriptions
Wylie	ho ho zhi li a chen gangs rgyab
THL	Hohozhili Achenganggyap
Tibetan Pinyin	Hohoxili Aqênganggyab
Lhasa IPA	[ho˥˥.ˌho.ɕi˩˨.ˈli a˥˥.ˌt͡ɕʰẽː.kaŋ˩˧˨.ˈɟʌ(p̚)ˀ]

Mongolian name

Mongolian Cyrillic

Хөх шил

Mongolian script

ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ

Transcriptions
SASM/GNC	Köke sil

Hoh Xil or Kekexili (Mongolian for "Blue Ridge", also Aqênganggyai for "Lord of Ten Thousand Mountains"), is an isolated region in the northeastern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. On July 7, 2017, the Hoh Xil in Qinghai was listed among the UNESCO World Heritage Sites as "the largest and highest plateau in the world".^[1]

Geography

The region covers 83,000 square kilometres at an average elevation of 4,800 metres above sea level, stretches in the east–west direction between the Tanggula and Kunlun mountain chains in the border areas of southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region, northwest China's Qinghai Province and China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The southeastern part of the Hoh Xil, drained by the Chumar River (楚瑪爾河), is one of the major headwater sources of the Yangtze River. The rest of the region is endorheic, with drainage to numerous isolated lakes; this area is sometimes described by hydrologists as the "Hoh Xil lake district".^[2] 45,000 square kilometres of the Hoh Xil region, at an average elevation of 4,600 metres, were designated a national nature reserve in 1995. The UNESCO World Heritage Site is encompassed of the western half of Zhidoi County and western part of Qumarlêb County in Qinghai. Bukadaban Feng is considered part of Hoh Xil.^[3]

Geology

Hoh Xil is volcanic. The surrounding Northern Tibet volcanic field contains a number of late-Cenozoic volcanoes. Several Hawaiian-style volcanoes are present in this area. Bamaoqiongzong covers an area of 300 km² and contains a perfectly preserved edifice NE of the summit and a lava flow that overlies Quaternary lake deposits . The Bamaoqiongzong area contains peralkaline phonolitic and foiditic rocks. Yongbohu contains five dacitic, trachyandesitic and andesitic vents. Qiangbaqian covers a broad area along the southern border of the Kunlun mountain range. A cone in the Kekexili caldera, once thought to be observed in eruption on a satellite photo in 1973, is now considered not to have been historically active.^[4]^[5]Synonyms & Subfeatures

Wildlife

Despite the harsh climate, Hoh Xil is home to more than 230 species of wild animals, 20 of which are under Chinese state protection, including the wild yak, wild donkey, white-lip deer, brown bear and the endangered Tibetan antelope or chiru. The abundant plateau pika, a small burrowing rodent, is the main food of the region's brown bears; the bears also feed on the yak and antelope.^[6] The hitherto little-known region, as well as the struggling Tibetan antelope, or chiru, became household names in China upon the release of the film Kekexili: Mountain Patrol in 2004. Zhuonai Lake (卓乃湖) in Hoh Xil is known as a gathering place for the Tibetan antelope.^[7]

Transportation

The Qingzang Railway and China National Highway 109 run along the eastern boundary of the reserve.^[8] The Fenghuoshan Tunnel, presently the world's highest railway tunnel (1338 m long, with entrances located at an elevation of 4905 metres above sea level), was constructed in the area.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ "Qinghai Hoh Xil".
^ Zheng, Mianping (1997), An introduction to saline lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Volume 76 of Monographiae biologicae, Springer, p. 21, ISBN 0-7923-4098-1
^ 可可西里：与天相接的生命守护人 [Hoh Xil: Ecological Preservation Volunteers who Touch the Sky]. zt.gog.cn (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 23 April 2018. 可可西里地区山峦绵延起伏，{...}有青海第一高峰布喀达板峰
^ "Global Volcanism Program | Unnamed".
^ "Unnamed". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
^ Xu Aichun, Jiang Zhigang, Li Chunwang, Guo Jixun, Wu Guosheng, Cai Ping, "Summer Food Habits of Brown Bears in Kekexili Nature Reserve, Qinghai: Tibetan Plateau, China". Ursus, Vol. 17, No. 2 (2006), pp. 132-137
^ "探秘可可西里产房 --可可西里".
^ "Environmental Protection Along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway". Archived from the original on 2005-06-11. Retrieved 2005-05-05.

External links

Save the Chiru
Kekexili on enorth.com Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
A Journey to Hoh Xil--A Diary of an Environmental Volunteer

v t e World Heritage Sites in China
East	Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City Classical Gardens of Suzhou Fujian tulou Lushan Huangshan Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea–Bohai Sea of China (Phase I) Mount Sanqing Mount Tai Wuyi Mountains Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and Kong Family Mansion in Qufu Xidi, and Hongcun West Lake Kulangsu
South Central	Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains Historic Centre of Macau Shennongjia Kaiping Diaolou and Villages Longmen Grottoes Historic Monuments of Dengfeng, including the Shaolin Monastery and Gaocheng Observatory Zuojiang Huashan Rock Art Wulingyuan Yinxu
Southwestern	Chengjiang Fossil Site Dazu Rock Carvings Fanjingshan Honghe Hani Rice Terraces Huanglong Jiuzhaigou Lijiang Mount Emei and Leshan Giant Buddha Mount Qingcheng and Dujiangyan Potala Palace, including the Jokhang and Norbulingka Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries Three Parallel Rivers
North	Mount Wutai Chengde Mountain Resort, including Putuo Zongcheng Temple, Xumi Fushou Temple and Puning Temple Forbidden City Zhoukoudian Ancient City of Pingyao Summer Palace Temple of Heaven Xanadu Yungang Grottoes Beijing Central Axis
Northeast	Koguryo sites Mukden Palace
Northwestern	Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor Mogao Caves Xinjiang Tianshan Qinghai Hoh Xil
Multiple regions	Great Wall China Danxia Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties South China Karst Grand Canal Silk Roads Tusi Sites Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea–Bohai Sea of China (Phase II) Badain Jaran Desert

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