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II Pegasi - Wikipedia

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II Pegasi
Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000
A light curve for II Pegasi, plotted from Hipparcos data^[1]
Constellation	Pegasus
Right ascension	23^h 55^m 04.05313^s^[2]
Declination	+28° 38′ 01.2422″^[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	7.4^[3] (7.18–7.78^[4])
Characteristics
II Pegasi A
Evolutionary stage	subgiant^[5]
Spectral type	K2 IV^[5]
Variable type	RS CVn^[4]

II Pegasi B
Evolutionary stage	main sequence^[5]
Spectral type	M0-M3 V^[5]
Astrometry
II Pegasi A
Radial velocity (R_v)	−20.50^[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: 576.22^[2] mas/yr Dec.: 34.69^[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)	25.06 ± 0.51 mas^[2]
Distance	130 ± 3 ly (39.9 ± 0.8 pc)
Absolute magnitude (M_V)	3.8^[5]

Details
II Pegasi A
Mass	0.8^[5] `M`_☉
Radius	3.4^[5] `R`_☉
Luminosity	1.06 `L`_☉
Surface gravity (log g)	3.2^[5] cgs
Temperature	4,600^[5] K
II Pegasi B
Mass	0.4^[5] `M`_☉
Luminosity	0.53 `L`_☉
Other designations
II Peg, GJ 4375, HD 224085, BD+27°4642, HIP 117915, LHS 4044, SAO 91578
Database references
SIMBAD	data

II Pegasi is a binary star system in the constellation of Pegasus with an apparent magnitude of 7.4 and a distance of 130 light-years. It is a very active RS Canum Venaticorum variable (RS CVn), a close binary system with active starspots.

The primary (II Pegasi A) is a cool subgiant, an orange K-type star. It has begun to evolve off the main sequence and expand.^[5] Starspots cover about 40% of its surface. The star produces intense flares observable at all wavelengths.^[7]

Its smaller companion (II Pegasi B) is too close to have been observed directly. It is a red dwarf, an M-type main-sequence star. The stars are tidally locked in a very close orbit with a period of 6.7 days and a separation of a few stellar radii.^[5]

X-ray flares from II Pegasi A were observed with the Ariel 5 satellite in the 1970s and with later X-ray observatories. In December 2005, a superflare was detected by the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission.^[3] It was the largest stellar flare ever seen and was a hundred million times more energetic than the Sun's typical solar flare.^[8]

References

^ "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
^ ^a ^b Osten, Rachel A.; Drake, Stephen; Tueller, Jack; Cummings, Jay; Perri, Matteo; Moretti, Alberto; Covino, Stefano (2007). "Nonthermal Hard X-Ray Emission and Iron Ka Emission from a Superflare on II Pegasi". The Astrophysical Journal. 654 (2): 1052–1067. arXiv:astro-ph/0609205. Bibcode:2007ApJ...654.1052O. doi:10.1086/509252. S2CID 16118115.
^ ^a ^b Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Berdyugina, Svetlana V.; Jankov, S.; Ilyin, I.; Tuominen, I.; Fekel, F. C. (1998). "The active RS Canum Venaticorum binary II Pegasi. I. Stellar and orbital parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 334: 863–872. Bibcode:1998A&A...334..863B.
^ Karataș, Yüksel; Bilir, Selçuk; Eker, Zeki; Demircan, Osman; Liebert, James; Hawley, Suzanne L.; Fraser, Oliver J.; Covey, Kevin R.; Lowrance, Patrick; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Burgasser, Adam J. (2004). "Kinematics of chromospherically active binaries and evidence of an orbital period decrease in binary evolution". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 349 (3): 1069–1092. arXiv:astro-ph/0404219. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.349.1069K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07588.x. S2CID 15290475.
^ Covino, S.; Tagliaferri, G.; Pallavicini, R.; Mewe, R.; Poretti, E. (2000). "The active binary star II Pegasi with it BeppoSAX". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355 (2): 681–687. arXiv:astro-ph/9911352. Bibcode:2000A&A...355..681C.
^ Wanjek, Christopher (6 November 2006). "Monster Stellar Flare Seen by NASA Scientists Dwarfs All Others". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2014.

Constellation of Pegasus

Stars

Bayer	α (Markab) β (Scheat) γ (Algenib) δ (Alpheratz) ε (Enif) ζ (Homam) η (Matar) θ (Biham) ι κ λ μ (Sadalbari) ν ξ ο π¹ π² ρ σ τ (Salm) υ (Alkarab) φ χ ψ
Flamsteed	1 2 3 4 5 7 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 25 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 45 51 (Helvetios) 52 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 63 64 65 66 67 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 82 83 85 86 87 23 Psc 34 Vul
Variable	R S U W Z RU RV RZ SV TW TY AG AQ AT AU AV AW BB BH BK BO BP BX BY DH DI DY EE EF EQ EZ GT GX HN HO HP HR HX II IK IM IP KT KU LL LO LS MS MT NV NZ OY PT V342 V343 V354 V363 V372 V376 V391
HR	19 49 8116 8219 8221 8231 8250 8257 8258 8274 8292 8325 8341 8348 8358 8359 8364 8372 8391 8397 8412 8415 8435 8441 8455 8456 8458 8460 8461 8466 8475 8482 8491 8503 8514 8543 8555 8564 8587 8604 8605 8608 8631 8638 8642 8737 8784 8788 8792 8824 8831 8833 8838 8839 8873 8922 8942 8953 8970 9039 9055 9078 9109
HD	434 204603 205011 205422 205603 206689 206793 208897 209709 210890 211076 213025 215549 215733 219196 219828 220288 220773 221170 221493 225292
Other	BD+14 4559 (Solaris) BD +17 4708 BD +28 4211 GD 246 Gl 829 Gl 880 HAT-P-8 NGC 8 NGC 18 NGC 30 PG 2131+066 PG 2303+243 PSR B2127+11C PSR B2303+30 Q2343-BX418 WASP-10 WASP-21 (Tangra) WASP-52 (Anadolu) WASP-59 WASP-60 (Morava) X2127+119 3C 454.3

Exoplanets	51 Pegasi b (Dimidium) WASP-10b BD+14 4559 b (Pirx) TOI-5678 b HD 209458 b HR 8799 b c d e

Star
clusters

Other	Balbinot 1 Messier 15

Nebulae

Other	Pease 1

Galaxies

NGC	1 2 9 14 15 16 22 23 26 41 42 52 7033 7034 7042 7043 7053 7056 7066 7068 7074 7085 7190 7217 7236 7237 7303 7312 7315 7317 7318 7319 7320 7320c 7331 7332 7427 7448 7454 7457 7466 7469 7479 7610 7619 7625 7673 7674 7678 7720 7726 7735 7741 7742 NGC 7752 NGC 7753 7767 7769 7773 7800 7814
Other	BX442 CTA-102 Einstein Cross Huchra's lens IC 5145 IC 5337 Markarian 335 Pegasus Dwarf Irregular Galaxy Pegasus Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Q2343-BX418

Galaxy clusters	Abell 2390 NGC 7331 Group Stephan's Quintet

Astronomical events	SN 1990U SN 2008ha SN 2013fs